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Community Seed Banks of Balkan as a Tool for Food Security and Climate Change Resilience
No full textRegional action for protection of crop genetic diversity is required for biodiversity and
climate hotspot Balkan. Role of community seed banks as local agrobiodiversity repositories should be
adequately recognized in multi-sector approaches for climate change adaptations and perseverance of
traditional agricultural practices. Selection programs could benefit from inclusion of traditional varieties
deposited in community seed banks
Potencijal primene procesa fotokatalize u tretmanu industrijskih otpadnih voda
No full textPollution of water bodies is a significant issue in modern society, with increased
concentrations of organic pollutants rendering standard water treatment techniques insufficient
to meet legal water quality standards. To reduce ecological pressure and mitigate the
toxicity of these pollutants, it is necessary to oxidize and transform them into non-hazardous
forms. Advanced oxidation processes, particularly photocatalysis, have gained prominence
for this purpose. Photocatalysis enables the complete conversion of organic matter into
carbon dioxide and water. Optimizing process parameters can further enhance the efficiency
of photocatalysis in industrial wastewater treatment plants
Preliminary study of waste Paeonia tenuifolia L. usage for lead ions removal from wastewater
No full textThe possibility of using waste stream and converting it into a useful material for the application in
environmental engineering was the goal of this research. Cellulosic, natural, materials have
attracted the attention of many researchers, due to their properties such as the plentiness of
functional groups, readily biodegradation, wide abundances, etc [1]. They found application in
biomedicine, biotechnology and biosphere remediation. Therefore, in this work, Paeonia
tenuiofolia L. petals that have undergone hydrodistillation and extraction of bioactive components
were applied as adsorbents for removing lead from wastewater. Since the ore processing, as a
main source of lead pollution, is in the expansion worldwide, detected values of Pb2+ ions could
be increased in effluents from smelters and mines. The material exhibited structural stability and
consistency. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed changes in material after
adsorption of Pb2+ ions on material surface, demonstrating its efficient removal from water
solution. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) gave better insights of material morphology. After
24 hours, the removal efficiency of the observed metal ion was 70%. Compared to the raw petals
(before the hydrodistillation process), the obtained removal efficiency was 60%. These
preliminary tests showed that this plant has a high adsorptive capacity and affinity for lead ions
(calculated value for material after hydrodistillation was 67.5 and for material prior hydrodistillation
was 57.5 mg/g). Given that the cultivation of medicinal plants is on the increase, both in Serbia
and throughout Europe [2], this material has a future as a useful adsorbent. In this way, the usage
cycle would be closed and it would significantly contribute to the circular economy and sustainable
development, globally
Bioactivity of sintered glasses with different strontium content
No full textTwo glass samples of the composition 46P2O5·40CaO·10Na2O·3TiO2·1SrO and 42P2O5·40CaO·10Na2O·3TiO2·5SrO were prepared by conventional melt quench method. The glass samples were sintered at the temperature of maximum shrinkage and the temperature of maximum crystallization. Crystalline phases formed during glass sintering were determined by XRD analysis. The sintered glass samples were subjected to in vitro bioactivity studies by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution with pH=7.4 at 37 °C. The results for the dissolved mass of the samples, and the concentration of the elements in the solution after immersing in SBF and pH solutions were used to evaluate the bioactivity of the glasses. The surface of the sintered samples after immersion in SBF was examined by SEM analysis. It has been shown that by sintering glass, bioactive crystalline phases are formed, while immersion in SBF does not result in the formation of new crystalline phases on the surface of the samples
Application of biochar derived from sour cherry pit and kombucha scoby for the removal of lead (II) ions from wastewater
No full textHeavy metals are persistent environmental contaminants that pose severe risks to both ecosystems and human health mainly due to their high toxicity and bioaccumulation. These pollutants originate from natural processes like volcanic activity and human activities such as mining and industrial operations. Their non-biodegradable nature leads to bioaccumulation in the food chain, resulting in elevated concentrations in humans. In order to solve the problems connected to heavy metal presence in the natural environment and wastewaters in particular, special attention is focused on biosorbents, which are usually cheaper (i.e. compared to active carbon), but still highly efficient. For this purpose, different biological materials such as microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae), agricultural by-products, etc., with high metal-binding capacities, are increasingly investigated as particularly effective in treating diluted effluents. In this work, the emphasis is put on investigating the application of biochar resulted in the pyrolysis of biowaste cherry pits and kombucha SCOBY in the removal of heavy metals, specifically lead from wastewaters. In this investigation, the adsorption capacity and efficacy of those two adsorbents and their adsorption kinetics were examined using pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, and the Weber-Morris diffusion model. It was also monitored whether the mech-anism of mixing (macromixing using a magnetic stirrer and micro mixing using an ultrasonic bath) has effects on the kinetics of the adsorption process. The selected method of analysis, regarding the nature of the analyte, was the atomic absorption spectroscopy
Modelovanje disperzije azotnih jedinjenja u površinskim vodama prilikom akcidentnih situacija
No full textCilj ovog rada bio je prikaz modela fluktuacije azotnih jedinjenja u površinskim vodama usled
akcidentnih situacija. Slučajno ispuštanje jedinjenja azota, konkretno veštačkih đubriva, ima
veoma štetan uticaj na kvalitet vode i vodene ekosisteme. U ovom radu je navedeno nekoliko
primera akcidentnih situacija ispuštanja azotnih đubriva u površinske vode, uključujući i
akcident koji se desio u Republici Srbiji, kada je usled plovidbene nezgode, oko 1000 t veštačkog
azotnog đubriva potonulo u reku Dunav. Svi ovi akcidenti ukazuju na značaj prevencije ili
naknadnog umanjenja uticaja ovih jedinjenja na živi svet. U cilju prevencije budućih akcidenata i
ublažavanja efekata već nastalih, potrebno je izraditi planove reagovanja u vanrednim
situacijama. Za održivo upravljanje rečnim slivovima, ključno je razumevanje promena koje
mogu izazvati transport, disperzija i transformacije zagađujućih materija, u ovom slučaju
jedinjenja azota, u vodi. U te svrhe mogu se koristiti brojni matematički modeli, među kojima se
izdvajaju predstavljeni modeli MONERIS, ADM i QUESTOR na rečnim slivovima u Engleskoj i
Mađarskoj
Hydrochars as novel functionalized materials for heavy metals removal
No full textUntreated industrial effluent is causing alarming levels of water pollution in our modern world. Hydrochars, functional carbonaceous materials obtained during the hydrothermal carbonization of waste biomass, possess a great potential for use in industrial wastewater treatment. Their high reactivity and regenerative properties compensate its deficiency, which is reflected in a small specific surface area. In addition, these materials are amenable to additional functionalization and modification by various chemical treatments. Previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating metals onto the surface of hydrochar or treating it with hydrogen peroxide or alkalis can significantly enhance its adsorption capabilities. This paper provides a brief overview of using hydrochars from various sources as adsorbents for heavy metals. This review aims to assess the impact of material modification on its structural characteristics and sorption capacity
Imobilisana otpadna ovsena slama kao efikasan adsorbent jona bakra
No full textU ovom istraživanju, ispitivana je sposobnost otpadne biomase kao adsorbenta, pri čemu je ovsena slama (OS) odabrana kao polazna sirovina. Da bi se unapredio kapacitet adsorpcije ovog materijala, on je modifikovan sa odabranim dubokim eutektičkim rastvaračem (DES). Radi proširenja mogućnosti primene nakon tretmana sa DES-om, modifikovana ovsena slama (DOS) je imobilisana u kuglice sa alginatom, te je time dobijen IDOS. Efikasnost adsorpcije teških metalnih jona metala iz rastvora bakra testirana je na modifikovanoj (ili imobilisanoj) ovsenoj slami. Maksimalni dobijeni kapaciteti za adsorpciju jona bakra bili su 26.4, 81.4, 124.78 mg/g respektivno. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da adsorpcija prati kinetički model pseudo-drugog reda, što implicira da je hemisorpcija za vezivanje jona bakra, odnosno korak koji kontroliše brzinu adsorpcije
Analiza otpada nastalog u oblasti rudarstva kao potencijalnog zagađivača životne sredine
No full textThe paper presents the analysis of mining waste, its division, as well as the
importance of proper waste management in order to protect the environment from all negative impacts. The aim of this research was to point out the importance of environmental
pollution with waste materials from mining. Compared to the amount of waste generated in
other industries, the waste generated in mining has the highest percentage of environmental
pollutants. There was a special focus on acidic mine waters as pollutants that represent one
of the greatest dangers to the environment. Accumulation of waste material starts already
from the first exploration works and the opening of the mine, also during the exploitation
and preparation of the mine ore, all until the closure of the mine. Depending on the phase
of exploitation, mining waste differs in terms of toxicity, chemical, mineralogical and granulometric composition, as well as aggregate state. Considering the very important aspect
of environmental pollution, it is necessary to point out all the risks of potential levels of
pollution with a clear indication of the measures that must be taken to prevent pollution.
The application of information technologies in mining provides the possibility of predicting
risks and taking appropriate measures. This approach makes a great contribution to the sustainability of applied technologies in mining. The contribution to sustainable development
is reflected in the principles of planned and controlled execution of mining activities in order
to preserve mineral resources for future generations, and at the same time preserve a healthy
environment. Solving the problem of waste generated during the exploitation and preparation of trench raw materials requires a multidisciplinary approach. Proper management of
mining waste requires cooperation and engagement of experts from various scientific fields.
Sharing knowledge and multidisciplinary conclusions are necessary both in cases of treating
waste with the appropriate procedure, as well as its permanent disposal and storage. Storage
facilities for this kind of waste should be built and protected to ensure long-term, and preferably permanent, protection of people and the environment. In order to achieve adequate
protection, the controls and regulations for the storage of mining waste are significantly
tightened. The complexity of mining waste management requires the involvement of the
wider social community, the adoption of rules and regulations framed by appropriate legal
acts that must be fulfilled in their full form