Omorika Digital repository of the Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrad
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Stakeholders collaboration for multilevel climate change governance in forestry and related sectors
No full textThe negative impact of climate change on natural resources indicates the need
to harmonize governance regimes between forestry and related sectors (nature conservation,
environment and energy). Addressing the challenges of climate change mitigation and
adaptation requires collaboration among stakeholders from different governance levels
(national, regional, and local). This research aims to identify respondents’ views on areas of
stakeholder collaboration for multilevel climate change governance in forestry and related
sectors and possible improvements. Primary data were collected through interviews (103
in the first and 23 in the second phase of data collection) with decision makers and experts
from forestry and related sectors at different governance levels. The study covered 11 forest
regions and 3 national parks in Serbia, and belonging municipalities. The results reveal seven
different areas of stakeholder collaboration: remediation of forest damages from ice breaks,
floods, and fires; workshops, seminars and expert knowledge exchange; tree planting, waste
disposal and green space maintenance; project-related activities; climate related data and
information exchange; information exchange with emergency department and divisions, and
information exchange concerning environmental monitoring and precaution. Collaboration
often occurs with uneven participation of stakeholders from different sectors, difficulties
in sharing information, and a lack of educational activities. Respondents have a positive
attitude toward improving collaboration by creating a system for sharing information about
climate change activities. In addition, respondents’ attitudes indicate the need for greater
involvement of civil sector in the selected activities of emergency departments and improved
education and training through intersectoral forums. SWOT analysis shows that continuous
information exchange and preparation for emergencies are the most important factor for
the implementation of the proposed solutions. For the implementation of the collaboration
improvement, short- and medium-term time frames have been proposed. According to the
respondents, the most important condition for improving collaboration is the establishment
of a system, and improvement of legislation
Leave no landscape left behind: Creating and connecting the landscape values of urban outskirts
No full textThe landscape is a (meta)physical medium that exemplifies the
imprints of the past and the faces of natural and anthropogenic
actors who took part in their shaping. Landscape pattern has a
diagnostic significance and can provide essential knowledge
about specific landscape values that can be reconsidered and
redesigned in a contemporary environmental context. There is an
emphasized need to determine a methodological approach that
will allow for a complex but feasible evaluation of landscape value. With this approach, it is possible to formalize guidelines for
reshaping the landscape in a way that simultaneously increases
ecological resilience and improves the character of a landscape.
Belgrade (Serbia) is geographically located in the center of centuries-old wide crossroads between East and West, reflecting the
complex genesis of the urban landscape. Recently, these trends
are even more pronounced in the context of large regional and
continental migrations, which provoke an increased level of urbanization, which often leads to environmental degradation and the
loss of local landscape identity. Such problems have also been
registered in other countries, so the task of the European Green
Deal is, among others, the renovation of urban landscapes that
can provide essential ecosystem services. Using one of the credos of the Green Deal – “no place left behind”, this work aims to
present an approach that highlights the landscape values of Belgrade‘s outskirts, which in the context of urban landscape are not
adequately planned and designed. A landscape design strategy
based on the assessment of ecosystem services and adapted to
the specific landscape character has the potential to create a resilient landscape that can respond to the challenges of modern
cities
Future Agricultural Production Structure Model (Fapsms) Impact On Soil Erosion
No full textVarious models of sustainable soil management are being applied in the world. They are aimed to preventthe erosion destruction of the soil through adequate processing methods, with appropriate yields and positiveeconomic effects of such production. Conservation of soil on sloped terrains is of great importance, especiallyhaving in mind that mountain soils are home to 25% of all terrestrial biodiversity, including agrobiodiversity.Sustainable agricultural management needs to account for site specific characteristics, including topographicfactors and coexisting biotopes. In Serbia the trend of people leaving rural households and moving to citiesbecame increased during the second half of the twentieth century that led to a change in soil use so that theareas under meadows, orchards and vineyards were increased at the expense of areas under arable soils andpastures so the intensity of erosion processes have decreased. However, soil erosion is still very widespreadin Serbia. More than 86% of Serbia's surface is affected by erosion of different intensity. According toGavrilović’s erosion potential method, soil erosion endangerment of research area of Barička river basin isin the category of medium erosion endangerment. The aim of this study is to determine existing soil erosionrisk and risk after application of Future Agricultural Production Structure Model from the Aspect ofPreserving Land Resources for Mountain Catchment Areas of Serbia (FAPSMS), in the suburban area of themorphological unit of the Barička river watershed, in Serbia. An analysis of soil erosion risk was carried out,using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method, with the existing and projected structureof agricultural production according to the FAPSMS. The results show that soil erosion losses are alreadybelow tolerance values with the existing production structure and that they could be reduced even more byapplying the projected structure.[https://sediment.ru/posts/basenet2023/
Identification and importance of criteria for soil erosion risk assessment
No full textU ovom radu je ukazano na značaj izučavanja erozije zemljišta kao
najzastupljenijeg vida degradacije u našoj zemlji, a posebno je istaknut značaj
modeliranja erozije zemljišta primenom metode višekriterijumskog odlučivanja.
U radu su analizirani ulazni parametri empirijskih modela i identifikovani su
najznačajniji faktori koji doprinose pojavi i razvoju erozionih procesa. U te faktore
se ubrajaju: topografija, pedologija, geologija, struktura zemljišnog pokrivača, klima i
antropogene aktivnosti. Primenom Best Worst metode višekriterijumskog odlučivanja
određene su težine (značaj) ovih kriterijuma na osnovu preferencija jednog eksperata
iz oblasti zaštite od erozije i uređenja bujica. Prema rezultatima, najveću težinu
ima struktura zemljišnog pokrivača, pa antropogene aktivnosti, erodibilnost
zemljišta, topografija, klima p najmanjeg značaja su geološke karakterisitke terena.
Od posebnog značaja bi bila implementacija ovog modela u integraciji sa GIS-om u
cilju prostornog prikaza površina ugroženih erozijom i definisanja mera i radova u
prevenciji erozije
Izvoz voća kroz prizmu tržišta visokih vrednosti i GLOBALG.A.P. sertifikacije: analiza iz Srbije
No full textOn the international fresh fruits and vegetables market Serbia is recognized as a
valuable and respectable producer and exporter. The Serbian export of these
products is determined by the volume and value of fruit and vegetable production,
as well as the implementation of the GLOBALG.A.P. voluntary standard in the farm
production. On the example of Serbia, the aim of the paper is to test the statistical
significance of the impact of GLOBALG.A.P. certification in plant production, as
well as the impact of the fruit production value on the fruit export to high-value
markets in the period 2010-2021. For this analysis, a multiple linear regression
model is used. The β coefficients in this paper are tested using the t-test, and the
regression model using the F-test. It finds that the growth in the number of
GLOBALG.A.P. certified producers does not affect the value of fruit exports to highvalue markets (p=0.817), nor does the increase in certified area (p=0.446). At the
same time, the value of fruit production affects the export value of this sector to
high-value markets (p=0.000). The obtained results can be explained by the fact
that GLOBALG.A.P. certification is still not significantly represented in the
agricultural production of Serbia. The implementation of the standard requires
significant investments on the farm, it is administratively extremely demanding, and
thus it is available mainly to large-scale farms, with greater economic strength, as
well as financially strong companies, which purchase and export fresh agricultural
products to the world marke
Examination of different raw materials, as precursors for obtaining carbon materials
No full textThe examination of different raw materials as precursors for obtaining carbon materials is an important area of research due to the wide range of applications for carbon materials in various fields, including energy storage, catalysis, and electronic devices. Some of the commonly studied precursors for carbon materials include biomass, petroleum-based precursors, waste materials, natural materials. The selection of a precursor material depends on various factors, such as the intended application of the carbon material, the availability and cost of the precursor, and the properties of the resulting carbon material. Different precursors can result in carbon materials with varying structures, porosities, and surface chemistries, which can affect their properties and performance in different applications. In our work, we used cherry pits, sour cherry, vineyard peach pits, bean and pea husks. The properties of the initial precursors were tested and then they were treated physically and chemically at different temperatures and times. Correlation of the properties between the initial and final samples was made, as well as their potential application in relation to the obtained properties.Programme and the Book of Abstracts / 7th Conference of The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials, 7CSCS-2023, June 14-16, 2023 Belgrad
In situ conservation of forest genetic resources at the locality „Duboka” in the National Park „Kopaonik” – Serbia
No full textIn situ conservation in Serbia is mainly presented in protected areas, such as national parks.National Park „Kopaonik” is one of five national parks in Serbia, which covers a total area of11,969.04 ha, including 13 localities with a protection regime of the first degree. Forest geneticresources in the National Park „Kopaonik“ are affected by various biotic and abiotic threatswhich lead to their genetic erosion. This research aimed to identify rare, endangered, relict,endemic, and vulnerable forest trees at the locality „Duboka”, to assess their degree ofendangerment and propose conservation measures. The locality „Duboka” covers an area of144.03 ha, at an altitude of between 1020 and 1780 m. By terrain reconnaissance, a total of 18forest tree species, and 27 species in the shrub layer were identified, which indicates asignificant biodiversity of this locality. Nine forest tree species belong to the categories of rare(rowan and wych elm), rare-endangered (silver birch), relict (European hop-hornbeam),endemic (Balkan maple), and vulnerable species (aspen, wild cherry, wild pear, and whitebeam)in Serbia. Among those species, it is very important to conserve the available gene pool ofEuropean hop-hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.), which is a very rare, relict species thatoccurs only in the locality „Duboka” in the entire area of Kopaonik, and the Balkan maple (Acerheldreichii Orph. ex Boiss.), an endemic species whose range is drastically decreasing on theentire Balkan peninsula. The measures of conservation and monitoring of individual genotypesor groups of trees have been defined, and an assessment of the variability of gene pool usinggenetic markers was proposed. In situ conservation units will include sites where all nine rare,endangered, relict, endemic, and vulnerable forest tree species were selected andgeoreferenced. The implementation of the proposed measures is expected in the followingperiod
Тhe sound signal processing and deep learning network as a tools for determining the circular saw blade speed
No full textRotation of a saw blade presents one of the most important cutting parameter, often
regarded as cutting speed. The purpose of this paper was to determine the discrete values of
the circular saw blade speed by means of the deep learning network. During idle rotation of
the saw blade certain sounds are produced which were recorded and later processed in
MatLab software making them suitable for further analysis and training the deep learning
network. For the chosen values of the circular saw blade rotational speed, set at 2000, 3000
and 4000 rpm, totally 600 recordings were made (200 for each speed) in the form of wave
format. All of them were converted in power spectrum by Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT)
in order to determine spectral areas of the most importance, and later the spectrograms were
made using Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), as magnitude squared of STFT. The
obtained spectrograms formed the data base for training and testing deep learning network.
Pre-trained network shows the accuracy of 100%
Collective urban gardens: Exploring the concept of participatory governance
No full textCollective urban gardens have attracted the attention of scholars, local organizations,the non-governmental sector, and policymakers as they seem to provide avaluable ground for meeting the interests and needs of different urban actors. Aspart of green infrastructure, they demonstrate a challenge for open green spacegovernance and management. This study focuses on the concept of participatorygovernance and explores top-down and bottom-up initiatives of collective urbangardening in three European cities: Malmo, Zagreb, and Belgrade. The objectivesof the research are to describe and analyze the organization and governance modelsof collective urban gardens using the governance arrangements approach andidentify the main success factors that support long-term, sustainable organizationand governance. The study is based on a qualitative research approach, includingdocument analysis and semi-structured interviews with local government representatives,NGOs, and users. The results suggest that there is no single successful modelof organization and governance of collective gardens - each location requires anunderstanding of the context and local conditions, as well as the users’ needs. Still,some factors can be identified as relevant for long-term sustainable governance.Having the support of city or municipal institutions in setting legal and planningparameters and supplying resources such as land and education is a significant contributorto achieving success. Another relevant aspect is the readiness of local governmentsto cede some of their authority in managing green areas and transfer itto an organization or group of users. A transparent and open participatory process,based on the trust and equality of actors, is needed for sound cooperation betweendifferent stakeholders involved in governance. Any support that comes from outsidethe community, including support from the city or municipal government, must beon a partnership basis. Institutional support is particularly relevant for scaling up local initiatives and integrating collective urban gardens into the system of greenareas at the city level
Vertikalna distribucija lisnih minera lišćarskih drvenastih vrsta Srbije
No full textLisni mineri su insekti iz redova Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera i Lepidoptera. Njihove
larve prilikom ishrane na listovima ostavljaju specifična oštećenja – mine. Na svetu je do
sada utvrđeno oko 10000 (Connor & Taverner 1997), a u Evropi oko 2500 vrsta (Ellis
2019). Na lisne minere utiče veliki broj faktora spoljašnje sredine, direktno kroz promene u
trajanju razvića, fertiliteta, mortaliteta i fenologije i indirektno, preko promena u biljkama
hraniteljkama, zajednici prirodnih neprijatelja, distribuciji, itd. Jedan od najbitnijih faktora
koji utiče na njih je nadmorska visina.
Istraživanje vertikalne distribucije lisnih minera je sprovedeno u periodu od 2014. do
2022. na 198 lokaliteta u Srbiji. Za potrebe analize nalazi su po nadmorskoj visini
klasifikovani u visinske pojaseve raspona od po 200 m. Rasprostranjenje vrsta po
nadmorskoj visini je analizirano korišćenjem analize korespondencije.
Lisni mineri su registrovani na nadmorskim visinama od 70 do 1725 m. Najveći broj njih,
kao i biljaka hraniteljki, je pronađen u visinskom pojasu do 200 mnv. Broj vrsta se sa
povećanjem nadmorske visine smanjivao, u većini slučajeva prateći smanjenje diverziteta
biljaka hraniteljki. U svim visinskim pojasevima su registrovane samo tri zajedničke vrste,
u sedam pojaseva četiri, u šest sedam, u pet 26, u četiri 48, u tri 41 vrsta, u dva 48 vrsta, a
samo u jednom 64 vrste. Analiza korespondencije je pokazala da se zajednica lisnih minera
na različitim nadmorskim visinama značajno razlikuje. Na osnovu sličnosti njihove
zajednice visinski pojasevi su podeljeni u pet zona. Prva zona se prostire do 200 mnv,
druga od 200 do 800 mnv, treća od 800 do 1000 mnv, četvrta od 1000 do 1400 mnv, dok se
peta prostire iznad 1400 mnv