Omorika Digital repository of the Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrad
Not a member yet
2577 research outputs found
Sort by
Contribution to methods and techniques of scientific research: process of publishing a scientific manuscript
No full textDa bi autori, posebno oni mlađi, znali na šta sve moraju da računaju u procesu objavljivanja svojih rukopisa, potrebno je da poznaju taj proces i da se adekvatno pripreme za sve ono što ih čeka. U ovom objašnjenju, težište je stavljeno na proces objavljivanja rukopisa u naučnom časopisu, na klasičan način (štampa na papiru). Međutim, taj proces se vrlo malo razlikuje kod drugih vrsta dela ili kod elektronskih publikacija. Osnovna karakteristika procesa objavljivanja rukopisa je relativna složenost i višestruko slanje i vraćanje rukopisa (od autora do redakcije i nazad). To zahteva da autori i redakcije časopisa imaju puno strpljenje i pokažu ažurnost i kooperativnost u međusobnoj komunikaciji
Decomposing drivers in avian insectivory: Large-scale effects of climate, habitat and bird diversity
No full textAim: Climate is a major driver of large-scale variability in biodiversity, as a likely result of more intense biotic interactions under warmer conditions. This idea fuelled decades of research on plant-herbivore interactions, but much less is known about higher-level trophic interactions. We addressed this research gap by characterizing both bird diversity and avian predation along a climatic gradient at the European scale. Location: Europe. Taxon: Insectivorous birds and pedunculate oaks. Methods: We deployed plasticine caterpillars in 138 oak trees in 47 sites along a 19 degrees latitudinal gradient in Europe to quantify bird insectivory through predation attempts. In addition, we used passive acoustic monitoring to (i) characterize the acoustic diversity of surrounding soundscapes; (ii) approximate bird abundance and activity through passive acoustic recordings; and (iii) infer both taxonomic and functional diversity of insectivorous birds from recordings. Results: The functional diversity of insectivorous birds increased with warmer climates. Bird predation increased with forest cover and bird acoustic activity but decreased with mean annual temperature and functional richness of insectivorous birds. Contrary to our predictions, climatic clines in bird predation attempts were not directly mediated by changes in insectivorous bird diversity or acoustic activity, but climate and habitat still had independent effects on predation attempts. Main Conclusions: Our study supports the hypothesis of an increase in the diversity of insectivorous birds towards warmer climates but refutes the idea that an increase in diversity would lead to more predation and advocates for better accounting for activity and abundance of insectivorous birds when studying the large-scale variation in insect-tree interactions
Response of Alnus glutinosa to Phytophthora bark infections at ambient and elevated CO 2 levels
No full textIntroduction: Mortality of the riparian alder population caused by Phytophthora pathogens has been studied for over 20 years throughout Europe, recently gaining more importance in the context of evident climate change. The main objective of this study was to examine the pathogenicity of species from the "Phytophthora alni complex" present in the Czech Republic (P. x alni and P. uniformis) and P. plurivora to Alnus glutinosa seedlings grown at ambient and elevated CO2 concentration. Methods: An underbark inoculation test was performed with seedlings grown from seeds collected from two Czech alder populations, one suffering from severe Phytophthora decline and the other disease-free. Results: The results showed significant differences in lesion development and seedling mortality. After a 13-week experimental period, at both CO2 levels P. x alni and P. uniformis showed high aggressiveness to A. glutinosa seedlings causing lesions of variable sizes and mortality of 33.3%, and 45.8% of plants, respectively. In contrast, P. plurivora did not cause mortality to any plant, and lesion sizes did not differ significantly from those in control plants. Physiological measurements did not reveal any significant differences between Phytophthora species except for plants inoculated with P. plurivora showing increased values in specific physiological parameters 4 weeks post-inoculation. Net photosynthesis decreased over the measurement period in all treatments with significant differences found between measurements conducted 2 and 4 weeks after the inoculation. Transpiration showed a decreasing trend in all inoculated plants with no significant differences between Phytophthora species at both CO2 levels. Chemical analyses of root samples showed high variability in sugars and phenolic compounds related to the plant's health status. Discussion: This is the first study to examine the response of alder seedlings to Phytophthora pathogens at different CO2 levels. The findings demonstrate high aggressiveness of P. x alni and P. uniformis and weaker aggressiveness of P. plurivora to alder seedlings regardless of the CO2 level
Enhancing climate change governance in Serbia: strategic and legal framework in forestry and related sectors
No full textClimate change governance requires a comprehensive understanding of its socio-economic
impacts in order to effectively formulate and implement appropriate policies (1). At the same
time, strategic and legal frameworks support the implementation and realization of specific
policy objectives through numerous documents and procedures as well as the necessary policy
interventions (2). Serbia is in the process of harmonizing the national strategic and legal
framework with EU requirements and there is also a need to comply with international
commitments (3). However, previous research has shown that climate change issues are
insufficiently integrated into strategic and legislative documents (4,5) and that there is a need to
include them in forest and nature conservation policies in Serbia (6). Addressing climate change
governance is a secondary goal of most strategic documents in the field of forestry and nature
conservation in Serbia (7). The need to create appropriate links between functionally related
sectors and to harmonize the legal framework is emphasized. This approach aims to avoid the
overlap of certain legal solutions and to increase the possibilities to respond more efficiently to
all challenges in the fight against climate change (7, 8). This paper aims to identify the
opportunities for improving the strategic and legal framework for climate change governance in
the forestry and related sectors in Serbia. Therefore, the following research questions were
formulated:
- How can the strategic framework for climate change governance in Serbia be improved?
- How can the legal framework for climate change governance in Serbia be improved
The prevalent Trametes Fr. species in the forests of Serbia and their significance
No full textTrametes vrste spadaju među najčešće lignikolne gljive u šumama Srbije. Prouzrokuju belu trulež drveta pre svega u lišćarskim šumama (vrlo retko i četinarskim). Najčešće se razvijaju kao saprofiti ili paraziti slabosti (na fiziološki oslabelim stablima). U Srbiji, u sastojinama lišćara konstatovano je 9 vrsta: T. betulina, T. cinnabarina, T. gibbosa, T. hirsuta, T. ochracea, T. pubescens, T. suaveolens, T. trogii i T versicolor. U radu je za svaku vrstu dat detaljan opis (makroskopski i mikroskopski) i ukazano na njihov značaj kao destruktora drveta
Efficiency of the mechanical and electronic system for logging safety
No full textThe subject of analysis of all researchers dealing with occupational injuries are the
sources of injury and the parts of the body that are injured. The most common causes of
injury among loggers are chainsaw, falls, axe and broken branch. Occupational injuries
and diseases of forestry workers are part of the scientific subject of the field of forest
utilization, but their effects are present in all areas of forestry. Mechanical injuries in the
sense of injured body parts of a chainsaw operator are injuries to the head, legs (shins,
knees, thighs and feet), chest and arms. To avoid these injuries, the most important thing
is to prevent them. The electric safety network is designed to protect the chainsaw
operator from injuries caused by the working part or the saw chain and to trigger the
alarm in the nearby logger group if, in addition to the injury caused by the chainsaw, there
is also an injury caused by a branch, log, etc. Chainsaw operator injuries are common
and occur most frequently in the leg area. The protection system consists of two parts:
the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter (metal detector) is located in the
logger's protection suit. It reacts to the metal, the chain of the chainsaw, and sends a
signal via radio waves to the receiver, which at the moment of receiving the signal
activates the safety brake on the chainsaw. The receiver, via electronic components,
engages the anchor and releases the piston that moves the chainsaw brake. The most
important thing is the activation time of the mechanical and electronic part of the safety
system, as the chainsaw chain moves at high speed. For this study, a prototype was built
and measurements were carried out, the results of which are presented in this paper
Growth characteristics of seven-year-old sessile oak seedlings planted under a shelterwood in western Serbia
No full textThis paper presents research results of growth characteristics of seven-year-old seedlings planted
under a shelterwood on mountain Cer, in western Serbia. The stand is phytocenological defined as an
association of sessile oak with white linden (Quercetum petraeae tilietosum tomentosae) on ilimerised
soil. The stand is located at an altitude between 240 and 270 m, on slope up to 20º, and western -
southwestern exposure. The combination preparatory and seed cut was conducted in 2013 when the
undergrowth of accompanying tree species (white linden) and bushes were removed. Due to the lack
of abundant acorn production and due to the poor regeneration of the stand, at the end of 2014, twoyear-old sessile oak seedlings were planted at a spacing 2x1 m, and the success of afforestation was
90%. At the end of the vegetation period in 2019, growth characteristics of seven-year-old sessile oak
seedlings which were planted under a shelterwood were analyzed, and it was found following: the
average height of seedlings was 137.9 cm, their maximum height was 243.0 cm and minimum 68.0
cm; the average annual height increment of seedlings was 31.7 cm, with the maximum 109.0 cm and
the minimum 3.0 cm; the average root collar diameter of seedlings was 16.3 mm, their maximum root
collar diameter was 34.0 mm and minimum 8.0 mm. When it comes to the quality of seedlings, good
quality seedlings are represented by 76.7%, while medium quality seedlings are represented by 16.5%
and poor quality seedlings are represented by 6.8%. The obtained results indicate very positive effects
of artificial regeneration of sessile oak forests by planting seedlings under a shelterwood in cases
where abundant acorn production is absent or when the natural regeneration process is disturbed for
any other reason
Adhesive Type Influence on the Compressive Strength of Beech LVL Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Fabric
No full textIn this research, nine-layer reinforced laminated veneer lumber(RLVL) was produced using beech veneer by inserting woven carbon fibers betweenthe veneer sheets. Panels were made in industrial circumstances with two typesof adhesives - phenol-formaldehyde (PF) and polyurethane adhesive (PUR). Theresearch aims to determine the influence of adhesives on the compressive strengthin two directions of beech LVL reinforced with woven carbon fibers and its potentialfor use in load-bearing building structures. The experimental data was verified bythe ANOVA model. Reinforced LVL produced using PF adhesive was strongerthan those produced using PUR adhesive by 17.88% in longitudinal direction andby 31.89% in transverse direction. This research is part of an effort to encouragethe implementation of hardwoods, especially beech, as renewable and ecologicallysustainable material with long term use in load-bearing building structures
Assessment of groundwater contamination in the south industrial zone of Pancevo
No full textThis study investigates groundwater contamination within the South Industrial Zone (SIZ) of Pančevo through sampling campaigns conducted in June
and October 2023. Sampling was conducted at 25 piezometers to assess contamination hotspots and groundwater quality. The analysis focused on parameters
exceeding remediation threshold concentrations (RTCs), highlighting critical
areas necessitating immediate attention. Results indicate RTC exceedances near
HIP Petrohemija and NIS Refinery Pančevo, notably in PA-3/15, PA-3/25, PA3/45, PA-4/25, P-738, and PA-1/7 piezometers in October 2023. Contaminants,
including arsenic and dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), like vinyl chloride, predominantly affected deeper piezometers. No exceedances were found downgradient within the study area, indicating localized contamination near
the mentioned industrial plants. Continued monitoring is essential to understand
contamination dynamics and implement effective mitigation strategies. Active
industry involvement is crucial for sustained groundwater quality management
in the SIZ of Pančev
Test akademskog vokabulara u univerzitetskoj nastavi engleskog jezika struke
No full textOva studija daje uvid u rezultate testiranja akademskog vokabulara u nastavi engleskog jezika struke na dva fakulteta. Glavni ciljevi istraživanja su da se ispita napredovanje u savladavanju akademskih termina tokom kursa engleskog jezika struke na ovim fakultetima, eventualna razlika u tom napredovanju zavisno od discipline, kao i uticaj jezičke kompetencije na rezultate testa. Ispitanike su činili studenti osnovnih studija Poljoprivrednog i Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu, koji pripadaju grupama mešovitog znanja na kursu engleskog jezika struke, a koji su uradili test akademskog vokabulara na početku i kraju semestra. Rezultati testova pokazuju ograničeno napredovanje studenata tokom kursa, razlike u napretku zavisno od discipline, odnosno studijskog programa, i uticaj nivoa predznanja engleskog jezika na rezultate. Ovakvi nalazi impliciraju potrebu da se tekstovi i prateća vežbanja kursa preispitaju i prilagode potrebama studenata, dok takođe sugerišu da u okviru univerzalnog akademskog diskursa postoji retorička praksa karakteristična za analizirane discipline. Osim toga, rezultati potvrđuju korelaciju između jezičke kompetencije i poznavanja akademskog vokabulara. (примљено: 2. јуна 2023; прихваћено: 7. новембра 2023