KASU JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe nature of the data used is secondary data from Bureau of Statistics (NBS), World Bank Development Indicators, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) for Real Gross Domestic Product, Crude Oil Prices, Inflation Rate, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate Government Expenditure. Based on ARDL method, the result shows evidence of long run positive relationship between the variables. The key finding of this study concludes that there is a positive long-run relationship between all the variables. The findings revealed that oil price, interest rate and government expenditure are both positive and significantly related to Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) while exchange rates and inflation rate both have negative relationships and significant in influencing economic growth in Nigeria
IMPACT OF DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Full text linkDigital entrepreneurship is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. Nigerians are facing systemic challenges like infrastructural deficiencies, regulatory bottlenecks, limited finance access, inadequate digital skills, and cybersecurity concerns, hindering its potential to drive economic growth. This study, therefore, seeks to fill these critical gaps by incorporating key digital entrepreneurship indicators namely Internet Penetration Rate (IPR), mobile phone penetration rate (MPR), and the number of internet users (NIU) into a comprehensive analysis of their collective impact on Nigeria's economy. The study used a cross-sectional survey and descriptive survey research design since its primary objective was to determine the impact of digital entrepreneurs on economic growth in Nigeria, focusing on the internet penetration rate, MPR, and number of Internet users (NIU). The study comes to the conclusion that Nigerian's economic growth is greatly boosted by the IPR. It is recommended that to maximize IPR's impact, prioritize investing in internet infrastructure, especially in rural areas
EFFECTS AND CHALLENGES OF THE CASHLESS PAYMENT IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThis study examined the aborted Nigeria cashless payment; its infrastructure and economic freedom. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the impact that infrastructural deficit, deprived economic freedom has on the implementation of the cashless payment. The other objective is to know the proportion of the unbanked and how cashless payment impact on the unbanked. The study adopted both primary and secondary data; the primary data was elicited through the use of questionnaires and oral interview, the secondary data through review of extant literature on cashless payment and its infrastructure. The primary data was analyzed and presented using SPSS statistical technique. The result showed that the country network, power, charges on electronic payment, bad internet services, fear of cyber-crime, low smart phone penetration and low literate level in rural area hinders participation in electronic payment. It was recommended that Nigeria need to improve on their telecommunication network coverage, expedite action in her completion of 5G network and invest in critical equipment for implementation, the central bank of Nigeria should ensure that on-line transactions remain safe and secure to enable participation, the government must continue to keep transaction charges minimal and encourage point of sale outlet to desist from charging customers at the end of every transaction, improve and stabilize power, increase sensitization and partial implementation of cashless policy.
IMPACT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely perceived as major tools for kick-starting ailing economies and consequently assist developing societies `catch up' with the developed world, including those groups that have lost out of the mainstream of development. This study examined the impact of the digital economy on youth unemployment in Nigeria. The study adopts an ex post facto research design, utilizing pre-existing time series data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) for the years 2000 to 2023. Data analysis techniques such as descriptive statistics and regression analysis are employed to explore the relationship between variables. The findings indicate that the digital economy has a significant impact on youth unemployment in Nigeria, with approximately 67.3% of the variation in youth unemployment being explained by the digital economy variable. The inclusion of the digital economy variable improves the model's performance, as evidenced by higher coefficient of determination (R²) and lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The study also reveals a positive relationship between the rate of youth unemployment and youth unemployment itself. While ICT usage does not show a statistically significant relationship, the percentage change in GDP is found to be significant. Recommendations include enhancing digital skills development, fostering entrepreneurship and start-up support, improving internet access and infrastructure, promoting digital financial inclusion, collaborating with the private sector and encourage collaboration between educational institutions and industries
Fiscal Policy and Macroeconomic Stability in Nigeria: A Structural Vector Autoregression Model (SVAR) Approach
Full text linkThis study examines the effect of fiscal policy on macroeconomic stability in Nigeria using Structural Vector Autoregression Model (SVAR). The Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips Perron unit root tests indicates that real gross domestic product, government expenditure, tax revenue and unemployment are stationery at first difference while inflation rate is stationary at level. The result of impulse response function shows that the shock effect of government expenditure has a positive shock effect on the real gross domestic product in Nigeria. Tax revenue has a negative shock effect on the real gross domestic product in Nigeria. Inflation rate and Unemployment have a negative shock effect on the real gross domestic product in Nigeria. The study recommends that government should increase its expenditure, tame corruption that leads to expenditure leakages, reducing unemployment and stabilizing the price level. Government should improve its role in the economic management by stepping up her capital expenditure and reducing recurrent expenditure in order to boost infrastructural development and create the enabling environment for increased private investment in the economy
Impact of Defense Allocation on Education and Health Sectors in Nigeria
Full text linkThis paper investigated the budgetary allocation to defense sector and its effect on education and health sectors in Nigeria over the period 1980-2023. The facts from the nature of tradeoffs and the size of fall between defense expenditure and non-defense expenditure like education and health remained inconclusive. This aspect, needs to be re-examined, considering the continued increase in defense allocations and to guide against likely misdirected policy interventions. The paper uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to reconcile the long-run and short-run equilibrium relationships among the variables. Findings revealed that the long-run estimates are positively signed and are highly statistically significant. A unit increase in defense spending will, over the long-run, increase education and health by about 1.68 units and 68 units respectively. This, probably, supports the view that a strong defense sector reduces tension and creates a peaceful society on which other sectors depend. On the other hand, most of the short-run estimates show that government allocations to defense sector in all the periods investigated, have negative impacts on her allocation to education and health sectors. This, by implication, suggests the existence of trade-off between allocations to defense and allocation to education and health sectors. Based on the findings, and considering the deteriorating security situation in the country whereby more fund is required, it is suggested among others that government should establish a fund like TETFUND dedicated to financing defense sector thereby increasing education and health sector in budgetary allocations.  
MODELLING THE VOLATILITY OF AFRICAN CAPITAL MARKETS IN THE PRESENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: EVIDENCE FROM FIVE AFRICAN MARKETS
Full text linkThe growing concern over the global effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on every aspect of human endeavour has necessitated a continuous modelling of its impact on socio-economic phenomena, allowing the formulation of policies aimed at sustaining future economic growth and mitigating the looming recession. The study employed Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH) procedures to develop stock volatility models for the pre- and COVID-19 era. The Fixed-Effects Two Stage Least Square (TSLS) technique was utilised to establish an empirical relationship between capital market volatility and the COVID-19 occurrence based on equity market indices and COVID-19 reported cases of five African economies: Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa, Gabon and Tanzania. The stock series was made stationary at the first order differencing and the model results indicated that the stock volatility of all the countries responded sharply to the outbreak of COVID-19 with the average stock returns of Nigeria and Gabon suffering the most shocks. The forecast values indicated a constant trend of volatility shocks for all the countries in the continuous presence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the confirmed and death cases of COVID-19 were found to increase stock prices while recovered cases bring about a reduction in the stock prices in the studied periods
EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL MODELS ON ACCOUNTING PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS IN KADUNA STATE
Full text linkThis study explored the influence of cultural models on accounting practices using a case study of professional Accountants in Kaduna state. The study employed primary data. The total number of respondents for the study were 43. Accounting practices (Gray’s accounting values) was employed as the study dependent variable while Power distance index, individualism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity were used as the study independent variables. SPSS 20.0 was used as analysis tool and the study used Pearson’s Moment Correlation to test the relationship between the study variables. Two tailed test was employed for the study which is non-directional model. The results revealed that accounting practices is positively and insignificantly correlated with power distance index. The result also showed a positive and significant relationship between accounting practices and individualism, furthermore, the result revealed a positive and weak relationship accounting practices and uncertainty avoidance and that there is a negative and insignificant association between accounting practices and masculinity (MAS). The study encourages standard setters to consider the influence of culture on different continent of the world when coming up with standards
Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria: Moderating Effect of Board Size
Full text linkCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the combination of corporate policies, values, and activities seeking to satisfy all stakeholders including their needs with respect to social welfare and the natural environment. This study investigates the moderating effect of board size on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. Data were collected from secondary source (annual reports and accounts) of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria from 2013-2022. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis through the use of STATA version 14. The findings of the study revealed that CSR has positive and significant effect on financial performance. Also, board size has positive but insignificant moderating effect on the relationship between CSR (charitable donation and education) and financial performance. The study concludes that board size does not significantly moderate the relationship between CSR and financial performance of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study recommends that consumer goods companies should increase their spending on charitable donation and education since they have positive effects on their financial performance. Similarly, the regulatory authorities such as Security exchange commission (SEC) and Nigerian Exchange Group (NSX Group) should improve on their monitoring and supervisory functions to make listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria to comply strictly with the code of Corporate Governance
RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AND THE CONTRADICTIONS OF RURAL POVERTY AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe paper critically evaluated the relationship between rural development programmes and policies of the Nigerian State; and the challenge of rural poverty and contradictions of rural underdevelopment in Nigeria. The paper affirmed the efforts of the governments in tackling rural underdevelopment through the states surfeit of rural development programmes, cascade of rural projects and rural investments and huge appropriation of funds for rural transformation but is concerned that these efforts have not mitigated rural poverty. The paper set out to interrogate the following objectives: the determinants of rural poverty in Nigeria; the critical evaluation of the programmes and policies of rural development; and the impediments to rural development in Nigeria. The paper is basically theoretical and qualitative in analysis with secondary source of data. The paper is guided by the insights provided by Mode of production approach as the theoretical framework. Main findings revealed that though infrastructural deficit plays a part in deciphering rural poverty in Nigeria, but the paper showed that the faulty development approach of the rural development programmes, corruption, undue bureaucratization and non-inclusiveness are the major factors sustaining rural poverty and underdevelopment in Nigeria. The paper recommends an integrated rural development programme; inclusiveness in rural development design and execution; and openness and transparency in Federal and State governments` rural development intervention programmes and implementation, among others, as antidotes to rural poverty and underdevelopment