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Programa de seguimiento de las pesquerías bentónicas, 2021
No full textEste documento contiene los resultados principales de la ejecución del "Proyecto de Seguimiento de Pesquerías Bentónicas (PSPB)”, realizado entre enero del año 2021 y junio de 2022 por el Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), el cual, se desarrolló en el marco del programa Asesoría integral para la toma de decisiones en pesca y acuicultura (ASIPA) y fue financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Turismo.Proyecto de Seguimiento de Pesquerías Bentónicas 2021PublishedNon Referee
Management of oyster (Crassostrea spp.) production in Las Tunas, Cuba: background, current situation and projection 2023-2030.
No full textSe realizó un diagnóstico de la producción anual por períodos, según datos históricos y actuales, para analizar la gestión pesquera del recurso ostión (Crassostrea spp.) en la provincia Las Tunas. La producción anual máxima promedio (650 t) correspondió al período 1981-1992, y se redujo a 211 t anuales durante 2010-2021. La máxima producción histórica se obtuvo en la década de 1980 con aportes del 50 % por ostricultura, una variante casi desaparecida durante 1992-2017. En el período más reciente 2017-2021, la mayor producción de ostión se obtuvo por pesca extractiva (198 t anuales) respeto a la ostricultura (27 t), que solo ocurre al norte de la provincia, y aportó el 13 % de la producción total de ostión. El ostión de cultivo mostró mayor rendimiento en carne (6,7 %) versus rendimiento (5,5 %) del ostión silvestre obtenido por pesca extractiva. En determinados períodos, los planes anuales de producción no se basaron en la biomasa realmente disponible, asignándose metas superiores a la producción obtenida. Con base en un análisis de proyección para 2023-2030 según planes anuales, se propone una diferenciación del plan según variantes productivas: pesca extractiva y ostricultura.A diagnosis of annual production was made by periods, according to historical and current data, to analyze the fishing management of the oyster resource in Las Tunas. The average maximum annual production (650 t) corresponded to the period 1981-1992, and was reduced to 211 t per year during 2012-2021. The maximum historical production was obtained in the 1980s with contributions of 50 % from oyster farming, a variant that almost disappeared during 1992-2017. In the most recent period, 2017-2021, the largest oyster’s production was obtained by extractive fishing (198 t per year) compared to oyster farming (27 t), this variant only occurs in the north of the province and contributed 13 % of the total oyster production. The oyster from farms showed higher meat yield (6,7 %) versus the yield (5,5 %) of the oyster obtained by extractive fishing. In certain periods, the annual production plan was not based on the biomass actually available, assigning goals higher than the productivity obtained. Based on a projection analysis for 2023-2030 according to annual plans, a differentiation of the plan is proposed according to productive variants: extractive fishing and oyster farming.PublishedReferee
Redescription of Platanichthys platana (Regan, 1917) (Clupeiformes, Clupeidae) with comments on geographical distribution
No full textA taxonomic and biogeographic review for the genus Platanichthys was necessary. In recent years, they have been identified as being of the species Platanichthys platana specimens collected in rivers and lakes of other hydrographic basins besides the then known ones. The species considered the smallest sardine in Brazil, always found in continental and coastal environments, including estuarine regions, began to be captured in waters of regions more in brazil, thus raising the hypothesis that these new specimens are a new species of the genus, until the monospecific moment. A total of 478 specimens identified as Platanichthys platana, from seven different hydrographic basins of South America (Baixo Paraíba do Sul, São João, Ribeira de Iguape, Alto Paraná, Guaíba, Atlântico Sul and La Plata), were analyzed. 40 morphometric analyses were performed, 21 non-overlapping (truss), and 13 additional morphological analyses. The differences observed between the analyzed populations didn’t support the hypothesis of being a new species for the genus Platanichthys, but after the analysis of all the material, it was possible to better determine its geographical distribution is to elaborate a better diagnosis for characterization and differentiation of the species in relation to other similar Clupeideos.Uma revisão taxonômica e biogeográfica para o gênero Platanichthys fazia-se necessária. Nos últimos anos, passaram a ser identificados como sendo da espécie Platanichthys platana exemplares coletados em rios e lagos de outras bacias hidrográfica além das então conhecidas. A espécie considerada a menor sardinha do Brasil, sempre encontrada em ambientes continentais e costeiros, incluindo regiões estuarinas, passou a ser capturada em águas de regiões mais a dentro no território brasileiro, levantando assim, a hipótese desses novos exemplares serem uma nova espécie do gênero, até o momento monoespecífico. Analisou-se 478 exemplares identificados como Platanichthys platana, de sete diferentes bacias hidrográficas da América do Sul (Baixo Paraíba do Sul, São João, Ribeira de Iguape, Alto Paraná, Guaíba, Atlântico Sul e La Plata). Realizou-se 40 análises morfométricas, 21 não sobrepostas (treliça), e 13 morfológicas adicionais. As diferenças observadas entre as populações analisadas não sustentaram a hipótese de ser uma nova espécie para o gênero Platanichthys, mas após a análise de todo o material, foi possível caracterizar melhor a sua distribuição geográfica e elaborar uma nova diagnose para caracterização e diferenciação da espécie em relação a outros Clupeideos semelhantes.Master
Modelling current and future distribution of the invasive silver-cheeked toadfish Lagocephalus sceleratus in the Mediterranean Sea
No full textThe progress in species distribution modeling has brought new insights into biological invasion management. The present study aims to model the potential current geographic distribution and future expansion of silver-cheeked toadfish Lagocephalus sceleratus in the Mediterranean Sea. Coordinates of 98 occurrence records of L. sceleratus in the Mediterranean were used, and marine climatic variables were collected from the global databases. Fifteen modeling techniques were tested, and weighted ensemble averaging of the model replicates was built. AUC values for each model ranged from 0.61 for rpart to 0.99 for rf, and TSS values varied from 0.41 for mlp to 0.95 for rf. Based on the cutoff values of TSS and AUC, the seven modelling algorithms were used for ensemble modeling. The maximum seawater temperature at minimum depth explained strong biological importance to the current adaptation, and the salinity contributed the most to the future adaptation. The ensemble forecasting of suitable habitats of L. sceleratus for current distribution modeling revealed that L. sceleratus dominantly occurred in the middle and eastern parts of coastal areas of the Mediterranean. The future distribution was extended to the western part of coastal areas of the Mediterranean, classifying the high suitability of these areas for its future distribution. The suitable bioclimatic envelope of L. sceleratus under the present study is predicted to widen because of climate change. The likely regions of invasion and the areas at risk for a potential future invasion of L. sceleratus indicate that prompt, effective practical actions by resource managers should be undertaken to mitigate its impacts and spread.PublishedReferee
К 100-летию ЮгНИРО. Основные вехи развития и научной деятельности института в Азово-Черноморском бассейне и Мировом океане
No full textIn dedication to the 100th Anniversary of the Azov-Black Sea Research Institute for Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (AzCherNIRO), its main historical milestones and research results have been presented. On March 13, 1921, under the aegis of the regional administration of “Glavryba” (Central Administration on Fishing and Fisheries Industry of the People’s Commissariat for Food), Kerch Ichthyological Laboratory was founded, which acquired the status of an independent organization in 1922 and became the basis upon which AzCherNIRO was created in 1933, renamed into the Southern Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (YugNIRO) in 1988. Investigation of aquatic resources, started by the institute in the Kerch Strait, later covered the Azov Sea and the Northern and Eastern Black Sea; in 1957, they extended to ocean waters, with the Central Eastern Atlantic Ocean as their initial area. In 1960, the Ministry of Fisheries of the USSR appointed the Indian Ocean and Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean to AzCherNIRO as the survey areas in the World Ocean. From 1961 to 1990, in the course of hundreds scientific and exploratory expeditions to the Indian Ocean riparian waters, the researchers and other employees of AzCherNIRO/YugNIRO and Yugrybpromrazvedka (South Fish Exploratory Service) for the first time discovered and contributed to the production sector the aggregation sites of tropical fish and invertebrates, deepwater species at underwater ridges, and stocks of notothens, ice fishes and krill in the Antarctic. In 1970–1980, the institute maintained laboratories on stock assessment of the Black Sea and oceanic fish species and invertebrates, on fish physiology and aquaculture, on processing technology for aquatic living organisms, on commercial oceanology and industrial fishing, and many others. Currently, the scope of the Kerch Department of the Azov-Black Sea Branch of the FSBSI “VNIRO” (“AzNIIRKH”) covers the research concerning bioresources of the Azov and Black Sea Basin, World Ocean and Antarctic, processing technologies and practices, development and improvement of fishing gear, hydrobiology and aquaculture, parasitology and commercial oceanology.В связи со 100-летием АзЧерНИРО, рассматриваются основные этапы развития и результаты деятельности института. 13 марта 1921 г. при областном управлении «Главрыба» была создана «Керченская ихтиологическая лаборатория», а в 1922 г. она приобрела статус самостоятельной организации; на ее основе в 1933 г. сформировался АзЧерНИРО, переименованный в 1988 г. в ЮгНИРО. Ресурсные исследования института, начатые в Керченском проливе, охватили Азовское море, северные и восточные районы Черного моря, а с 1957 г. институт начал проводить исследования в океане — первым районом исследований стал район ЦВА. С 1960 г. Минрыбхоз СССР закрепил за АзЧерНИРО Индийский океан и Индоокеанскую часть Антарктики в качестве районов исследований в Мировом океане. В период с 1961 по 1990 г. сотрудники АзЧерНИРО/ЮгНИРО и Управления «Югрыбпромразведка» в сотнях научно-исследовательских и поисковых экспедиций в водах прибрежных стран Индийского океана впервые обнаружили и передали промышленности участки скоплений тропических рыб и беспозвоночных, глубоководные объекты на подводных хребтах, ресурсы нототений, ледяных рыб и криля в Антарктике. В 1970–1980-е гг. в институте работали лаборатории по исследованию ресурсов черноморских и океанических рыб и беспозвоночных, по физиологии рыб и аквакультуре, по технологии переработки гидробионтов, по промысловой океанографии и промышленному рыболовству — равно как и многие другие. В настоящее время в сфере деятельности отдела «Керченский» Азово-Черноморского филиала ФГБНУ «ВНИРО» («АзНИИРХ») находятся исследования ресурсов Азово-Черноморского бассейна, Мирового океана и Антарктики, технологические работы, разработка и совершенствование новых орудий лова, работы по гидробиологии и аквакультуре, паразитологии, промысловой океанографии.PublishedReferee
Report of the First meeting of the Decade Advisory Board, 28-30 March 2022.
No full textThe DCU provided an overview of the Ocean Decade history, rationale and implementation progress as well as key perspectives and challenges for the future.. The DCU reported continued strong enthusiasm to be part of the Decade – “exciting” “innovative” “transformative”, although it noted a growing desire for collective efforts to set strategic ambitions and not remain entirely ‘bottom-up’ which is a significant (but natural) change in opinion. The DCU also recognized the growing desire to understand how the Ocean Decade will contribute to sustainable ocean management and sustainable ocean economic development. The DCU noted increased engagement, and growing private sector and national engagement but reinforced to the Board that it is important to emphasize the Decade as a regional and global collaborative space so as to avoid a purely national focus resulting in 150 national Ocean Decades. Challenges and opportunities for the Ocean Decade’s immediate future were presented. The challenges identified were growing requests and first signs of impatience vis-a-vis the role of Ocean Decade in resource mobilisation; weak leadership roles of partners from Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS); limited engagement with key funding partners including multilateral development banks (MDBs) and international financing instruments; pressure growing to systematically measure and report on progress of Ocean Decade; and a systematic approach to capacity development and exchange is emerging but needs more attention and targeted support. One question some Board members raised was ‘what legacy does the Ocean Decade want to leave?’ positing that it may be useful to identify if the underlying goal is to increase investment, produce science, place a mark on the SDGs and contribute to the post-2030 process; or all of these. The recommendation being that this will solidify the tangible benefit of being affiliated with the Ocean Decade and give direction to the energy that has been generated. Other members emphasised the importance of engaging women and youth in the Ocean Decade and heightening the impact of regional action in which many stakeholders are already engaged. The Board showed support for and willingness to engage further with private sector enterprises, international financing institutions and instruments, and philanthropy to unlock investment in ocean science. An acknowledgment was made that SIDS and LDC mobilisation will require a strengthening of the “business case” of the Ocean Decade and the availability of dedicated resources.OPENASFA INPUTPublishedNot Know
Making small-scale artisanal fishing zones work!: Research study on the tenure rights of the most vulnerable and marginalized fishers in Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam and East Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh.
No full textUnder Indian legislation, i.e. various state Marine Fishing (Regulation) Act (MFRAs), small-scale traditional fishers are granted exclusive rights to near-shore marine waters, ostensibly to protect their rights and livelihoods. However, failures in implementation, management and monitoring of these exclusive small-scale artisanal fishing zones (SFZs), has hampered the holistic actualization of these protections. Establishing secure tenure rights to marine and coastal spaces and resources can be considered sine qua non for equity and justice. It is essential to rejuvenate existing mechanisms and bolster them through the principles of human rights and the SSF Guidelines to protect and support small-scale fisheries in our future.PublishedReferee
Water quality at Cai river mouth and Tac river mouth, Nha Trang bay (2015–2019)
No full textDeltas of large rivers, especially in arid areas, have been used in ancient times for agriculture and are densely populated. In recent decades, many river deltas have been experiencing an increasing anthropogenic impact, contamination of watersheds, and marine pollution caused by the offshore extraction of hydrocarbons. Combining of these factors determines a considerable research interest in river mouth areas. This paper presents the annual monitoring data on the water environment of the two mouths of the Cai river and Tac river, Nha Trang bay, during the period 2015–2019. Statistical data showed an increase in dissolved oxygen demand (DO), biological oxygen demand BOD5, and the concentrations of ammonia, Zn and Cu. Seasonal variation revealed that most of studied parameters’ concentrations, especially nutrients, were higher in the rainy season. In contrast, the values of total suspended solids (TSS) and hydrocarbon (Cai River), and petroleum (Tac river) demonstrated a decrease. Generally, the average value of BOD5, concentrations of Cu and Pb at the Cai river mouth were lower than those at the Tac river mouth, whereas the concentration of Zn was higher. Overall, the water environment of both mouths was qualified for aquaculture and aquatic organism preservation purposes except for the case of coliform.PublishedReferee
Congruence and response to environmental factors of different biodiversity metrics in the Gulf of Batabanó, Cuba.
No full textDiferentes métricas de biodiversidad se deben explorar para evaluar de manera más eficiente los cambios observados en las comunidades. Sin embargo, el desempeño de distintas métricas de biodiversidad no ha sido explorado en el golfo de Batabanó, lo que puede dificultar la selección de índices adecuados para el monitoreo ambiental. Para solventar esta problemática seis métricas de biodiversidad (riqueza de especies, equidad de Pielou, diversidad de Shannon, diversidad taxonómica, distintividad taxonómica promedio y variación en la distintividad taxonómica) fueron comparadas para determinar su congruencia y respuestas ante variables abióticas (salinidad, temperatura, turbidez, profundidad) y factores (zonas y años). Los resultados obtenidos por correlaciones entre las métricas y sus respuestas a las variables abióticas y factores analizados mostraron complementariedad entre la riqueza de especies, equidad de Pielou, diversidad de Shannon, distintividad taxonómica promedio y variación en la distintividad taxonómica, no siendo así para la diversidad taxonómica. Según los resultados de este trabajo, se sugiere el uso de la riqueza de especies y las métricas de distintividad taxonómica Δ+ y Λ+ para evaluar la calidad ambiental del golfo de Batabanó. Además, se deben evaluar sus desempeños en otros grupos de organismos.Different biodiversity metrics should be explored to more efficiently assess observed changes in communities. However, the performance of different biodiversity metrics has not been explored in the Gulf of Batabanó, making difficult to select suitable indices for environmental monitoring. To solve this problem, six biodiversity metrics (species richness, Pielou equity, Shannon diversity, taxonomic diversity, average taxonomic distinctiveness, and variation in taxonomic distinctiveness) were compared to determine their congruence and responses to abiotic variables (salinity, temperature, turbidity, depth) and factors (zones and years). The results based on the correlations between the metrics and their responses to the abiotic variables and factors analyzed showed complementarity between species richness, Pielou evenness, Shannon diversity, average taxonomic distinctiveness, and variation in taxonomic distinctiveness, not being the case for taxonomic diversity. According to the results of this work, the use of species richness and taxonomic distinctiveness metrics Δ+ and Λ+ is suggested to evaluate the environmental quality of the Gulf of Batabanó. In addition, their performances in other groups of organisms should be evaluated.PublishedReferee
Nature and people in the Socotra Archipelago.
No full textUnique Islands with a Rich Natural and Cultural Heritage The Socotra Archipelago is a true treasure of Yemen, located in the western Indian Ocean near the Horn of Africa. This ancient and until recently relatively isolated part of the Arabian Peninsula is known for its exceptional biodiversity on land and in the sea. Socotra’s iconic Dragon’s Blood Trees are known worldwide and symbolize a close bond between nature and the indigenous inhabitants of the island who depend on it, and who speak their unique, endangered language. Due to its remarkable and highly vulnerable island ecosystems containing many endemics, the Socotra Archipelago was designated as a UNESCO Man and Biosphere (MAB) Reserve in 2003, a Ramsar Site in 2007 (Detwah Lagoon) and then as UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site in 2008. These remarkable designations came primarily as recognition of Socotra’s outstanding biodiversity richness, characterised by a high proportion of unique species living in special island habitats. In addition, the cultural landscape of Socotra has been gently shaped through natural and human influences over several millennia. However, a recent decline of that vital bond, combined with the devastating effects of climate change, unsustainable resources use and other impacts, have affected life on these islands for humans, plants and animals alike. This richly illustrated publication, based on the currently available scientific knowledge and stories from the island’s inhabitants, provides a brief overview of the rich biodiversity of the Socotra Archipelago Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site, highlighting the vital bond between humans and nature. Challenges are highlighted as well as inspiring stories of hope, examples where the Socotran people are taking the lead in protecting their environment and culture. These examples of the unique, yet fragile bond between people and nature in Socotra can be regarded as an inspiration worldwide, as many unique areas are facing similar challenges that are affecting the natural and cultural heritage.OPENASFA INPUT
Recommended Citation (Original Title): Van Damme K., 2022. Nature and People in the Socotra Archipelago. UNESCO.PublishedNot Know