AquaDocs
Not a member yet
36984 research outputs found
Sort by
Factors responsible for the variation in Beta diversity components in the fish assemblage in headwater streams.
No full textFish assemblage composition varies across time and space, and beta diversity has been a valuable tool for quantifying this variation and understanding associated mechanisms. Understanding which factors determine the action of these mechanisms is fundamental for headwater stream management and conservation projects. Therefore, was evaluated which component of total beta diversity (species replacement or difference in richness) is most representative for the fish assemblage between streams, identified the scale of effect of land use on this assemblage, and evaluated the relative influence of land use, local environment and distance between collection points on beta diversity components. The study was carried out in 12 headwater streams close to and located in the municipality of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The percentage of land use classes was measured at 11 spatial scales, five buffers from the sampled section and six from the water network upstream of the sampled section. The data was analyzed using Redundancy Analysis based on distance and variance partition. The results showed that species replacement was the most important component for total beta diversity, with land use in buffers 100 and 500 meters from the sampled section considered the scale of effect for the variation of the components. Land use and local environmental variables were more representative for total beta diversity and richness differences and the distance between collection points for species replacement. It was concluded that land use and local environmental variables select fish species, reducing richness in urban areas, while the dispersal limit acts on species replacement. Therefore, it is suggested that management and conservation projects should be focused on land use, conserving or restoring riparian forest, which would improve the local quality of streams, mainly urban streams, which are the most altered.A composição da assembleia de peixes varia no tempo e no espaço, e a diversidade beta tem sido uma ferramenta valiosa para quantificar essa variação e compreender os mecanismos associados. Entender quais fatores determinam a atuação desses mecanismos é fundamental para projetos de manejo e conservação de riachos de cabeceira. Diante disso, avaliou-se qual componente da diversidade beta total (substituição de espécie ou diferença na riqueza) é mais representativo para a assembleia de peixes entre os riachos, identificou-se a escala de efeito do uso da terra sobre essa assembleia e avaliou-se a influência relativa da paisagem e ambiental local nos componentes da diversidade beta. O estudo foi realizado em 12 riachos de cabeceira próximos e inseridos no município de Maringá, estado do Paraná, Brasil. A porcentagem das classes de uso da terra foi mensurada em 11 escalas espaciais, cinco buffers a partir do trecho amostrado e seis a partir da rede hídrica a montante do trecho amostrado. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Redundância baseada em distância (dbRDA) e partição de variância. Os resultados mostraram que a substituição de espécie foi o componente mais importante para diversidade beta total, sendo o uso da terra nos buffers de 100 e 500 metros a partir do trecho amostrado considerados a escala de efeito para a variação dos componentes. O uso da terra e as variáveis ambientais locais foram mais representativos para a diversidade beta total e diferença de riqueza e a distância entre os pontos de coleta para a substituição de espécie. Conclui-se que o uso da terra e as variáveis ambientais locais selecionam as espécies de peixes, diminuindo a riqueza em áreas urbanas, enquanto que o limite de dispersão atua sobre a substituição de espécie. Portanto, sugere-se que projetos de manejo e conservação devam ser focados no uso da terra, conservando ou restaurando a floresta ripária, o que melhoraria a qualidade local dos riachos, principalmente dos urbanos, sendo estes os mais alterados.Ph
Оценка физико-химических свойств главных рек дельты Меконга и их экологическое районирование
No full textThe Mekong Delta is one of Asia's largest megadeltas. It is a region with unique biodiversity and the main food source for a large part of the population of Vietnam and Cambodia. The decrease in the biodiversity and resource capacity of the delta, associated with the growth of anthropogenic impact and other negative environmental factors, requires effort to maintain its ecosystem in a state favorable for the life of aquatic organisms, for which the first step is to organize effective monitoring of aquatic communities. Its organization must consider the complex structure of the delta and related features of the physicochemical characteristics of the habitat. The mean and interval values of the parameters were as follows: transparency was 47.7±16.4 (10–100) cm; in the surface water layer, the temperature was 29.7±1.37 (26.0–33.3) °C, electrical conductivity was 5490.4±8392.5 (133–33623) µS/cm, total dissolved solids were 3556.2±5445.8 (86.5–21853), pH was 7.6±0.3 (6.9–8.4), and dissolved oxygen was 4.8±1.05 (3.0–8.9) mg/L; in the bottom water layer, the temperature was 29.6±1.43 (26.0–34.1) °C, electrical conductivity was 7671.4±11193.2 (125–37870) µS/cm, total dissolved solids were 4905.3±7199.8 (78.0–24615.5), pH was 7.6±0.3 (6.9–8.2), and dissolved oxygen was 4.6±1.00 (2.6–7.7) mg/L. The zoning of the delta based on the knowledge of the environment makes it possible to organize the monitoring process in the most rational way. Following the results of the analysis of physicochemical parameters, the boundaries of zones with different environmental conditions that affect the formation of fish communities have been determined. The main contributing factors are salinity (3 zones), oxygen regime (3 zones), and runoff distribution (4 zones). The interrelation between the delta zoning according to the hydrochemical regime and the structural features of the fish communities at the family level has been found, which further supports the idea that such zoning must be taken into consideration when organizing monitoring surveys.Дельта реки Меконг входит в число крупнейших азиатских мегадельт, является уникальным по биоразнообразию районом и главным источником продовольствия для значительной части населения Вьетнама и Камбоджи. Снижение биоразнообразия и ресурсного потенциала дельты, связанное с ростом антропогенного воздействия и других негативных экологических факторов, требует усилий по поддержанию ее экосистемы в состоянии, благоприятном для жизни водных организмов, для чего первым шагом является организация результативного мониторинга водных сообществ, при которой необходимо учитывать сложную структуру дельты и связанные с этим особенности физико-химических характеристик среды обитания. Средние и интервальные значения параметров были следующими: прозрачность — 47,7±16,4 (10–100) см; в поверхностном слое воды температура 29,7±1,37 (26,0–33,3) °C, удельная электропроводность — 5490,4±8392,5 (133– 33623) мкСм/см, общее количество растворенных твердых веществ — 3556,2±5445,8 (86,5–21853), pH — 7,6±0,3 (6,9–8,4), растворенный кислород — 4,8±1,05 (3,0–8,9) мг/л; в придонном слое температура 29,6±1,43 (26,0–34,1) °C, удельная электропроводность — 7671,4±11193,2 (125–37870) мкСм/см, общее количество растворенных твердых веществ — 4905,3±7199,8 (78,0–24615,5), pH — 7,6±0,3 (6,9–8,2), растворенный кислород — 4,6±1,00 (2,6–7,7) мг/л. Основанное на знании особенностей окружающей среды зонирование дельты позволяет наиболее рационально организовать процесс мониторинга. По результатам анализа физико-химических параметров были определены границы зон с различными условиями среды, оказывающими влияние на формирование ихтиоценов, главными из которых являлись соленость (3 зоны), кислородный режим (3 зоны) и распределение стока (4 зоны). Установлена взаимосвязь зонирования дельты по гидрохимическому режиму и структурных особенностей ихтиоценов на уровне семейств, что подтверждает необходимость учитывать это зонирование при организации мониторинговых исследований.PublishedReferee
Разработка технологии соленой продукции из медузы Rhizostoma pulmo (Macri, 1778)
No full textIncrease in the barrel jellyfish abundance, recently observed in the Azov and Black Sea Fishery Basin, has an adverse effect on the fishery and tourism in the region. Jellyfish consumption is a longstanding tradition for the countries of East and Southeast Asia, where the processing technology for jellyfish is based on the salting involving potassium alum. Jellyfish treatment with potassium alum leads to the accumulation of aluminum in the final product, which poses a threat for the human health. Thus, the research of the jellyfish processing methods excluding the use of aluminum is of utmost importance. This study was aimed at the development of the salting methods for barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo that would involve using plant-based tanning substances. This article presents processing scheme and technological parameters for the salted products derived from jellyfish. Using tanning substances extracted from oak bark and green tea leaves in the quantity of no less than 0.75 % of the jellyfish brought for salting (in terms of weight) made it possible to obtain the salted product with condensed structure. For a lightly salted product, salting should be conducted in 8–10 % saline solution at the temperature 4±2 °С. Based on the identified technological parameters and the assessment of quality and safety characteristics of the obtained samples of salted jellyfish, specifications and processing instruction for the salted products derived from jellyfish for its further use as a food ingredient in multicomponent recipes have been developed.Рост численности медуз, который наблюдается в последнее время в Азово-Черноморском рыбохозяйственном бассейне, отрицательно влияет на рыболовство и туристическую деятельность региона. Потребление медуз традиционно для стран Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии, где технологии обработки медуз основаны на посоле с использованием алюмокалиевых квасцов. Обработка медуз алюмокалиевыми квасцами приводит к накоплению алюминия в готовой продукции и представляет серьезную проблему для здоровья человека. В связи с этим исследования, исключающие использование алюминия при переработке медуз, являются актуальными. Целью исследования являлась разработка альтернативного способа посола медуз Rhizostoma pulmo с использованием дубильных веществ, извлеченных из растительного сырья. В статье представлена технологическая схема и приведены технологические параметры изготовления соленой продукции из медуз. Использование дубильных веществ коры дуба и листьев зеленого чая в количестве не менее 0,75 % от массы медузы, направляемой на посол, позволило получить соленую продукцию с уплотненной текстурой. Для получения малосоленой продукции предлагается осуществлять посол в 8–10%-ном солевом растворе при температуре 4±2 °С. На основании установленных технологических параметров и оценки показателей качества и безопасности полученных образцов соленой медузы разработаны технические условия и технологическая инструкция по изготовлению соленой продукции из медуз для дальнейшего ее использования в качестве пищевого ингредиента при приготовлении поликомпонентных блюд.PublishedReferee
Oceano sem mistérios : Construindo cidades azuis
No full textCidade Azul é aquela que promove a sustentabilidade - social, ambiental, econômica, cultural e em sua governança - integrando políticas públicas e ações de cidadãos e instituições com o oceano. Portanto, ser uma cidade azul é fortalecer a relação da sustentabilidade com o oceano! E não importa a distância do mar, mesmo cidades do interior podem, e devem, ser azuis. A cultura oceânica é definida como o “entendimento da influência do oceano em nossas vidas e de nossas ações no oceano”, no qual “nós” corresponde a indivíduos e instituições, sejam elas públicas ou privadas. Ela é feita com todos os diferentes setores da sociedade, considerando suas especificidades locais e de forma integrada e colaborativa. É importante pontuar que este documento não traz uma fórmula única ou guia para uma Cidade Azul, pois cada cidade possui sua realidade social, cultural, ambiental, econômica e de infraestrutura política e administrativa. Este documento também não busca iniciar ou trazer novas demandas, mas sim inserir uma lente azul nas iniciativas, projetos e ações já realizadas ou em andamento, valorizando e ampliando o impacto destas ações. Aqui, você vai encontrar estratégias divididas em sete esferas principais - educação, economia azul sustentável, turismo, adaptação, água e saneamento, saúde e bem- estar e conservação - que podem ser adotadas de forma conjunta ou individualmente. Todas elas dialogam e ajudam seu município a alcançar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030, além de responder aos Desafios da Década da Ciência Oceânica para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (2021 - 2030). Tomadores de decisão, servidores públicos dos municípios e Estados, este é um convite e oportunidade para discutir, adaptar e aplicar os caminhos aqui apresentados e, assim, construir sua cidade azul.PublishedReferee
Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT).
No full textThe Working Group on Fisheries Benthic Impact and Trade-offs (WGFBIT) develops methods and performs assessments to evaluate benthic impact from fisheries at regional scale, while con- sidering fisheries and seabed impact trade-offs. In this report, new fishery benthic impact assessments (ToR A) are shown out for several sub- regions in (French Mediterranean, Celtic Seas). For other regions, updates of the whole assess- ment or specific steps only were presented. To further standardise the different components of the WGFBIT approach across all (sub-)re- gional assessments, a more detail overview of those components was compiled. These compo- nents were slightly different among those regions, related to variation in data availability, envi- ronmental characteristics and implementation possibilities among the (sub-)regions. In WGFBIT, assessments are sometimes based on trawl or grab data, which are sampling differ- ent components of the seafloor ecosystem and can have consequences on the created sensitivity layer. Therefore, there is looked in more detail how the sensitivity outcome (and layers) can dif- fer due to the use of benthic data gathered with different gears (grab/core, trawl or video). The preliminary comparability analyses are performed on different levels: (1) based on co-located sampling; (2) comparing sensitivity maps of the (sub-) area, based on different gears. There were differences observed in longevity distribution at locations sampled with different gears and dif- ferences in data and models lead also to differences in the sensitivity layers. The WGFBIT seafloor assessment framework is not the only way to assess benthic impacts from physical disturbance. A discussion session was held on how the future workflow on advice that ICES WGFBIT assessment contribute to, will be organized. Marine sediments harbour significant levels of biodiversity that play a key role in ecosystem functions and services such as biogeochemical cycling, carbon storage and the regulation of cli- mate. Through the removal of fauna, changes in physico-chemical nature and resuspension of sediment, bottom trawling may result in significant changes in the ecosystem functioning of shelf seas. An assumption of the current PD model is that high community biomass implies higher ecosystem functioning. However, total community biomass does not necessarily reflect changes in species and functional trait composition which play a key role in regulating ecosystem func- tions. ToR D is working on an improved understanding of the link between species functional effect traits and proxies and processes for specific ecosystem functions to improve our ability to predict the impact of fishing disturbance on benthic ecosystem functioning more accurately. Links between species traits and biogeochemical parameters and the impact of trawling on these links are being explored using multivariate ordination analyses using different fauna and bioge- ochemical datasets collected in the North Sea, Celtic Sea, Kattegat, Baltic Sea and the eastern Mediterranean. Changes due to trawling in the trajectories of species densities over time and the concurrent changes in the bioturbation and bioirrigation potential of communities are being modelled using a combination of data-driven mechanistic model and a biogeochemical model. We report on the different data analysis methods that ToR D members have developed over the last year.ICESPublishedReferee
Garotas STEM: Histórias que Inspiram 2022
No full textA valorização de talentos e o empoderamento para indivíduos atingirem o seu potencial perpassa diferentes momentos da vida e abrange diferentes esferas sociais. O respeito à diversidade e a identificação de estratégias para facilitar acesso e oportunidade é um pilar fundamental para avançar num modelo de sociedade que visa o desenvolvimento sustentável nas esferas econômica, social, ambiental e humana. O programa Mulheres na Ciência (Women in STEM) do British Council surge como uma dessas estratégias, para contribuir com o universo de mulheres e meninas nas áreas STEM (sigla em inglês para ciência, tecnologia, engenharia e matemática)...PublishedNot Know
All-Atlantic Blue Schools Network
No full textThe All-Atlantic Blue Schools Network (AA-BSN) is a remarkable network implemented under the All-Atlantic Ocean Research and Innovation Alliance. It has really embraced the spirit of this science diplomacy process: Connect, Act and Collaborate. It started from an idea back in 2019 when several Ocean Literacy experts from along and across the Atlantic Ocean got together in scope of the AANChOR project, funded to implement the Belem Statement. It builds on the experience of the Blue School in Portugal and the AAORA Working Group on Ocean Literacy in scope of the Galway Statement. With 16 Atlantic countries engaged (as of January 2023), 28 National coordinators from 18 institutions, 455 schools reached, 125 178 students and 3 458 teachers engaged it is truly an example of the desire of the All-Atlantic Ocean Literacy community to get together, to effectively act through a very specific collaboration opportunity and to impact tomorrow’s generation! By connecting schools from Atlantic countries to raise and promote ocean literacy and society awareness AA-BSN is contributing to European, National and International strategies. The bottom-up process where each school builds its own project based on its socio-cultural-economic reality is, in my opinion, the basis for the success of AA-BSN. And imagine… all that was possible in less than two years and with a pandemic period in between. AA-BSN is really an inspiring joint activity from the Atlantic Ocean Literacy community! Congratulation to all the team and those engaged. Well done!PublishedNot Know
Влияние экспериментальных стартовых комбикормов на рыбоводно-биологические показатели молоди кефалевых на примере пиленгаса Liza haematocheilus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) = Mugil soiuy (Basilewsky, 1855) при выращивании в бассейнах
No full textThis work presents the preliminary results of the studies aimed at the estimation of the effect of experimental starter formula feeds developed by the FSBSI “VNIRO” on the cultivation-related biological characteristics and feed requirements of the so-iuy mullet juveniles reared in flowing-water tanks with the Kerch Strait as a water source. It has been identified that, out of the investigated set of formula feeds, the leading performance based on all criteria (growth rate, survival rate, feed conversion ratio) has been shown by KRLS 2/22 with low fish meal level. It has been found out that the survival rate of the juveniles also depends on the stocking density in the rearing tanks. Irrespective of the feed composition, the survival rate of the so-iuy mullet was significantly higher when the initial stocking density was 555 ind./m3 than when it was 1470 ind./m3.В работе представлены предварительные результаты исследований по оценке влияния экспериментальных стартовых комбикормов рецептуры ФГБНУ «ВНИРО» на рыбоводно-биологические показатели и кормовые потребности молоди пиленгаса при выращивании в проточных бассейнах в условиях водоснабжения из Керченского пролива. Установлено, что из линейки испытуемых комбикормов лидирующие позиции по всем критериям (темп роста, выживаемость и конверсия корма) занимает рецепт КРЛС 2/22 с пониженным содержанием рыбной муки. Выявлено, что на выживаемость молоди пиленгаса также оказывает влияние плотность посадки в выростные бассейны. Независимо от состава потребляемого комбикорма выживаемость пиленгаса была достоверно выше при плотности посадки 555 экз./м3, чем при плотности 1470 экз./м3.PublishedNon Referee
Термохалинные характеристики Азовского моря в летний период 1989–2021 гг. и влияние на них стока рек Дон и Кубань
No full textConsiderable inter-annual variations of water temperature and salinity in the Azov Sea necessitate their constant monitoring. Following the numerous studies undertaken in this area, this work presents the specific features of inter-annual changes in temperature and salinity of the sea surface layer, averaged for the summer seasons of 1989–2021 both for the Azov Sea (excluding Taganrog Bay) and for its various areas; two representative time spans, 1989–2004 and 2005–2021, have been identified. The first time span was characterized by a relatively wide variation range of the temperature and by its decreased values, as well as by the decrease in the salinity. During the second time span, an increase in the both temperature and salinity of the sea surface layer occurred in the sea and its regions, which was induced by the increase in the air temperatures in the area and by the reduction of the relatively cold Don River runoff after 2005 in the case of the first parameter, and, for the second parameter, it resulted from the decrease in the runoff of the both Don and Kuban Rivers. Correlation analysis of the series of the summer temperature and salinity values by area and for the sea on the whole as they relate to the annual and maximum runoff of the Don River (Razdorskaya) and to the annual runoff of the Kuban River (Krasnodar and the river mouth) for 1989–2021 has shown the absence of the significant relationship with temperature and its presence with salinity both for the sea and for most of its regions at the confidence level of 99 % for the Don River runoff and 95 % for the Kuban River runoff.Значительная межгодовая изменчивость температуры и солености вод Азовского моря предполагает проведение постоянного мониторинга этих параметров. В продолжение многочисленных исследований этого направления в данной работе приводятся особенности межгодового хода температуры и солености поверхностного слоя, значения которых осреднены за летние периоды 1989–2021 гг. как в собственно Азовском море, так и в его районах с выделением двух характерных периодов: 1989–2004 и 2005–2021 гг. Первый период характеризовался относительно большим диапазоном изменчивости температуры и пониженными ее значениями, а также снижением значений солености. Во второй период происходил рост как температур, так и солености поверхностного слоя в собственно море и в его районах, что для первого параметра было обусловлено ростом температур воздуха в районе и уменьшением относительно прохладного речного стока р. Дон после 2005 г., для второго — снижением стока как р. Дон, так и р. Кубань. Корреляционный анализ рядов летних значений температуры и солености по районам и собственно морю со стоком годовым и максимальным р. Дон (Раздорская), а также годовым р. Кубань (Краснодар и устье) за период 1989–2021 гг. показал отсутствие значимой связи с температурой и ее наличие с соленостью как в собственно море, так и в большинстве его районов на уровне 99 % доверительной вероятности со стоком р. Дон и 95 % — р. Кубань.PublishedReferee
Biomonitoring of trace metal contamination in El Mellah Lagoon (Algeria) using cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (Bivalvia: Cardiidae).
No full textThis work aims to investigate the trace metal contamination of El Mellah Lagoon by assessing their accumulation levels in the tissues of the brackish water cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (Bivalvia: Cardiidae). Our findings show that copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations in cockles ranged between 0.81-2.09, 4.12–6.72, 0.09–0.15, and 0.39–0.76 mg/kg soft tissue dry weight respectively, in ascending order of: Cd< Pb< Cu< Zn. Statistical analysis reveals significant seasonal variations in measured metals, with the highest values all recorded in autumn but remaining well below the recommended guide values. Overall, our study excludes the existence of an ecotoxicological threat linked to the presence of essential (Cu, Zn) and toxic (Cd, Pb) metals in the cockles' flesh.Références bibliographiques, Figures, Tableaux.PublishedReferee