IRIS Università degli Studi dell'Aquila
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Four years on: Pregnancy and birth outcomes reported in the MSBase pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, and Women’s Health Registry (2020–2024)
Get PDFBackground: Family planning is an important aspect of multiple sclerosis (MS), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) management. Knowledge gaps remain, including optimal perinatal management strategies, and fetal risks associated with disease-modifying therapy (DMT) exposure.Objective: To describe perinatal DMT use, together with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes prospectively recorded in the International MSBase Pregnancy and Women's Health Registry.Methods: We report summary statistics for data collected between May 2020 and August 2024.Results: A total of 1887 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 12 primary-progressive MS (PPMS), 2 radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) and 21 NMOSD completed pregnancies were recorded, including 1644 (85.5%) live births, 208 (10.8%) miscarriages, and 6 (0.3%) neonatal deaths. Most women had unassisted (53.8%) or assisted (7.4%) vaginal births. Seventy five percent of pregnancies had DMT exposures within 6 months preconception; 19% of NMOSD, and 62% of MS pregnancies were DMT-exposed during gestation; 18.1% of pregnancies reported in-pregnancy monoclonal antibody DMT exposure. No overt safety signals were seen.Conclusion: This first report from the newly launched MSBase pregnancy registry, establishes an increasing number of pregnancies being conceived on monoclonal antibody therapies. Although no safety signals were observed, it is important to continue monitoring for safety signals in real-world databases as the use of highly effective therapies continues to increase perinatally
An Ethanolic Extract of Sulphur Polypore Mushroom Laetiporus sulphureus (Agaricomycetes) Mycelium Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression, Survival, and Migration in Human Hepatocarcinoma Cell Lines
No full textLaetiporus sulphureus, commonly known as the "sulfur polypore" or "chicken of the woods," has a global distribution and primarily grows on deciduous trees as a pathogen or saprotroph. This fungus is rich in bioactive metabolites which exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, and possible anticancer properties. However, its effects on hepatocarcinoma cell lines remain poorly investigated. This study evaluates the cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and antimigratory effects of L. sulphureus ethanolic extract on HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocarcinoma cell lines. The results indicate that L. sulphureus ethanolic extract significantly reduces the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and diminished colony formation. Experiments identified 15 μg/mL as the working concentration for both cell lines, as it approximated the IC50 while ensuring low toxicity. Western blot analysis reveals that L. sulphureus extract increases the expression of key tumor suppressor proteins (p53, p21, and p27), downregulates the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and upregulates the pro-apoptotic markers (Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3), confirming apoptosis induction. Furthermore, the extract impairs Huh7 cell migration, a key factor in cancer progression, as confirmed by a reduction in Twist protein levels and an increase in E-cadherin expression. These results highlight the potential of L. sulphureus as a promising natural adjuvant for hepatocarcinoma therapy while warranting further investigation into its bioactive components, molecular mechanisms, and clinical applications
Validated methods for isolation and qualification of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from different sources
Get PDFSentimentalismo e progresso morale. Una prospettiva humeana
No full textÈ possibile individuare nella moralità un qualche progresso? Se sì, in che maniera questo progresso può essere concepito e qual è il paradigma etico che meglio ne rende conto? Nel mio intervento vorrei analizzare la questione del progresso morale osservando la moralità attraverso le lenti del sentimentalismo morale; in particolare, farò riferimento a quella determinata forma di sentimentalismo morale elaborata da David Hume. Che la moralità possa essere considerata qualche cosa che procede da una condizione peggiore a una migliore non è qualcosa di ovvio; nella misura in cui il progresso può essere inteso come una trasformazione in cui si ha un incremento di valore, bisogna intendersi sia su che cosa si trasforma sia sul valore che subisce un incremento. Il sentimentalismo morale può essere definito in maniera ampia come la tesi secondo la quale la valutazione va intesa nei termini di una risposta emotiva; da parte sua, Hume ne offre una declinazione sua propria che, come sosterrò, permette di affrontare la questione del progresso morale nei termini sopra indicati. Se, da una parte, Hume riconduce la questione del progresso morale alla riflessione su un processo che riguarda gli esseri umani visti nel corso della loro storia, dall’altra individua i termini in cui può darsi o meno progresso nell’incremento o nella riduzione della loro felicità. L’indagine humeana si struttura, in primo luogo, come una “scienza dell'uomo” su basi empiriche e naturalistiche; d’altra parte, questa indagine non perde di vista il fatto che il punto di vista da cui si sarà in grado di giudicare la condizione umana è l’esito di uno scambio simpatetico tra gli esseri umani che si realizza in condizioni storiche, sociali e politiche specifiche. Come argomenterò, sebbene sia possibile, nel paradigma sentimentalista humeano, registrare chiari momenti di progresso morale nelle vicende umane, tuttavia si tratta di un progresso fragile, dipendente in larga misura dalla sorte e sempre esposto al pericolo di venire interrotto e quindi dimenticato
The impact of surgical myectomy on exercise capacity among patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Insights from Echo-CPET analysis
No full textEpidemiological and clinical analysis of potentially malignant disorders
Get PDFPotentially malignant diseases of the oral mucosa that have a risk of conversion to oral squamous cell carcinoma, are described as precancer, premalignant, intraepithelial neoplasia, and potentially malignant disorders. The etiology includes oral habits associated with tobacco, heavy alcohol, betel nut chewing, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Diagnosis of OPLs typically relies on visual observation by experienced practitioners followed by biopsy and analysis under a microscope. The main purpose of this study was epidemiological and clinical analysis of patients with oral premalignant lesions diagnosed and treated in our collaborative healthcare structures. Oral premalignant lesions were more common in men than women. Buccal mucosa was the most common location of oral premalignant lesions in our study (31.03%), followed by floor of the mouth (22.4%). Homogenous leukoplakia was the most common type of leukoplakia (present in 44.8% of patients), followed by lichen planus (25.8%). The degree of dysplasia was associated with the type of oral premalignant lesions but not significantly with their size
Testing and Configuring COTS Devices for CCAM Service Validation in Dual-Use Commercial Vehicles
No full textEnhancing surveillance in parking lots: a thermal infrared approach to human action recognition
No full textTo advance research in surveillance and Human Action Recognition (HAR) in challenging low-light environments, we construct a novel dataset: the Parking Lots Thermal HAR (PL-THAR). This dataset, captured using a long-wave infrared camera, serves as a benchmark for all-day surveillance, especially in outdoor parking lots with poor night-time lighting. To address the inherent blurriness of Thermal Infrared (TIR) images, we propose a novel HAR network based on thermal imaging, named THAR-Net. The network incorporates a multi-channel coordinated attention module, deformable convolutional networks, and cross-stage feature fusion modules to enhance feature extraction capabilities while reducing computational overhead. Comparative experiments with YOLOv8 show that THAR-Net achieves a 41.6% to 50.5% reduction in the number of parameters and a 26.2% to 33.1% decrease in floating-point operations, all while maintaining a detection accuracy of approximately 96%. Ablation experiments further validate the rationality and effectiveness of our network design. In addition, we present a new Detail and Contrast Enhancement (DCE) algorithm specifically designed for addressing the blurred edge problems in TIR images, thus enhancing human surveillance performance through thermal vision
Storage and Ripening Monitoring of Pecorino Cheese Through 2D 1H-NMR Relaxation and ANOVA Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA): A Comparison with DSC and ATR-FTIR Characterization
Get PDFIn food processing, non-destructive and non-invasive characterization is a powerful tool for monitoring processes and controlling quality. Cheeses consist of a large variety of products whose nutritional and sensory properties depend on the source materials, cheesemaking procedures, and biochemical transformations occurring during maturation and storage. In this study, proton magnetic resonance relaxation time correlation maps (2D 1H-NMR T1–T2) are used to investigate the effect of the ripening degree on Pecorino cheese and evaluate its evolution during storage in a refrigerator under vacuum-packaging conditions. NMR
relaxometry has allowed for non-invasive monitoring of packaged Pecorino cheese slices, and the results were compared with those obtained with the two widely used techniques, i.e., Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The analysis of variance and simultaneous component analysis (ASCA), separately applied to 2D 1H-NMR T1–T2 correlation maps, DSC, and ATR-FTIR data, suggests that the results obtained with the NMR approach are consistent with those obtained using the two benchmark techniques. In addition, it can distinguish cheeses stored for different durations (storage time) irrespective of their original moisture content (ripening degree), and vice versa, without opening the vacuum-package, which could compromise the integrity of the samples