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La rigenerazione urbana sostenibile di spazi pubblici di valore: il caso di Cuevas de la torre di Paterna (Spagna). Sustainable urban regeneration of valuable public spaces: the case of Cuevas de la torre in Paterna (Spain).
No full textIn the field of regeneration of European cities, there are many aspects to be considered so that development is in line with the objectives of environmental, social and economic sustainability, including those related to decarbonization. However, to be able to perform efficient urban planning, it is important to have a complete knowledge of the situation, with the peculiarities and criticalities of the places targeted for intervention. This paper aims to define a methodology for urban regeneration of small and medium-sized cities, characterized by valuable elements and characteristic situations to improve climatic comfort and improve sustainable strategies. Through the study of state of the art, macro areas of intervention and themes related to various aspects of sustainability are identified. The first phase of methodology, the knowledge phase, is aimed at systematically identifying the various aspects of the site, such as spatial articulation, climatic data and the state of degradation. Then, in the second methodological phase, the critical issues to be resolved and the strengths to be highlighted are defined. In this way, in the third phase, intervention strategies compatible with the specific case study can be defined. The efficiency of the method is validated on a case study. This is the public area of the city of Paterna (Spain), which is characterized by the presence of inhabited caves of which the public space, nowadays not very valued both socially and environmentally, constitutes the cover
Static bifurcations of short FPU softening chains with second-order interaction: The non-degenerate case
Get PDFFermi–Pasta–Ulam chains, made of n=2,3,4 masses, taut by an end force, are considered in the static field. Each mass has a second-order interaction with the surrounding masses. Springs are of cubic type, with softening behavior. The equilibrium equations are derived by the total potential energy theorem. The fundamental nonlinear path of each chain, exhibiting a limit point, is evaluated. Then, by controlling the loading process by a displacement, instead of the force, a bifurcation analysis is carried out, to investigate both the ascending and descending branches of the fundamental path. The analysis allows evaluating the exact bifurcation points along this path, which manifest in number of n−1. The study also highlights the existence of a degenerate case in which all the bifurcation points coalesce at the limit point, an occurrence which is excluded here by assuming that all the bifurcation points are well-separated. The n−1 primary bifurcated paths are parametrically described in asymptotic form. Then, a post-bifurcation analysis is carried out along each of them, aimed at discovering further bifurcation points. Stability of all the branches found (first bifurcated and secondary bifurcated branches) is characterized from application of Lagrange–Dirichlet theorem. We show, for the present discrete nonlinear elastic systems, that for some parameters of interest, the first bifurcated branch may be stable, even if it loses stability in a secondary bifurcation scenario. The complex bifurcation scenario is depicted by 3D and 2D bifurcation diagrams, and asymptotic results validated by numerical analyses
J. Cohn, Le forme principali del razionalismo
No full textPrima traduzione italiana del saggio di Jonas Cohn "Die Hauptformen des Rationalismus" di Jonas Cohn, pubblicato nel 1902 sul diciannovesimo volume delle «Philosophische Studien»(1902
Application of a Machine Learning-Based Approach for Source Reconstruction and Radiation Prediction by the Spherical Wave Expansion Technique
No full textTesting of Drivers for Plant Species Diversity Along Elevational Gradients on Seven Mountainous Islands in the Subtropics
No full textAimsGeographic variation in species richness along elevational and latitudinal gradients may be controlled by energy, water, and productivity; however, spatial factors such as area and geometric constraints may also contribute. We use large mountainous oceanic islands, which exhibit considerable range in all proposed driver variables, to test established plant diversity models, such as the mid-domain effect (MDE), actual evapotranspiration (AET, energy), water-energy dynamics (WED: precipitation + potential evapotranspiration), and net primary production (NPP). LocationWe used published data comprising complete floras with elevation-specific occurrence information for seven mountainous oceanic islands (> 2000 m asl) in tropical and subtropical zones. MethodsFor each of the seven islands, plant richness was estimated within each 100 m elevation band (interpolated from maximum and minimum elevation). We used generalized linear models to evaluate the effects of area, MDE, AET, NPP (MODIS), and WED on each island and all islands simultaneously. The general WED model used in this study is a two-term model that includes a second-order polynomial function of PET and a linear function of precipitation. We use AIC and the proportion of explained deviance to identify the best model for explaining variation in plant richness along elevational gradients on mountainous islands. ResultsWe found remarkably consistent patterns in which AET and MDE failed to offer a good explanation for species richness. WED was the best model when all islands were analyzed simultaneously; however, analyses on separate islands revealed that the precipitation term was not significant or negatively related to richness on five of the seven islands. The second-best model was NPP, whereas the best single predictor of richness was the polynomial expression of PET. The spatial variables, area, and the autocorrelated masl were strongly correlated with the residuals of the weak models. ConclusionsBased on these observations, WED and NPP are superior in explaining richness on mountainous islands, whereas MDE and AET have low explanatory power. Precipitation has a negative correlation with species richness in five out of seven islands
On sets of type (q+3,n) in PG(3, q)
No full textWe prove that if K is a set of type (q+3,n) with n>q+3 in PG(3, q), then n=2q+3
Pregnancy-Related Disease Outcomes in Women With Moderate to Severe Multiple Sclerosis Disability
Get PDFImportance: Understanding the association between pregnancy and clinical outcomes in women with moderate to severe multiple sclerosis (MS) disability is crucial for guiding family planning and management strategies. Objective: To assess peripregnancy relapse activity and disability progression in women with a preconception Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3 or higher. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter retrospective cohort study used data from the MSBase Registry, with clinical observations spanning 1984 through 2024. Study cohorts included pregnant women with MS with a preconception EDSS score of 3 or higher (range: 3-10, with higher scores indicating more severe MS-related disability) and propensity score-matched nonpregnant women with MS (controls). Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcomes were peripregnancy annualized relapse rates (ARRs) and time to 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW). Results: A total of 1631 women with MS were included, of whom 575 were in the pregnant cohort (median [IQR] age at pregnancy, 32.5 [29.1-36.1] years) and 1056 were in the nonpregnant cohort (median [IQR] age, 32.6 [27.5-37.2] years). The median (range) preconception EDSS score was 3.5 (3.0-7.5). Relapse activity decreased during pregnancy, with a 75% reduction in ARR during the first trimester (rate ratio [RR], 0.25; 95% CI, 0.15-0.43), and increased to 36% above preconception levels in the first 3 months post partum (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.06-1.75). Relapse during pregnancy was associated with a higher preconception ARR (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% CI, 1.10-2.20) and preconception use of natalizumab (OR, 4.42; 95% CI, 1.24-23.57) or fingolimod (OR, 14.07; 95% CI, 2.81-91.30). Older age (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-0.99) and continuation of disease-modifying therapy into pregnancy (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-1.00) were associated with reduced risk. Disease-modifying therapy reinitiation within 1 month post partum was associated with lower odds of early postpartum relapse (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.86). There was no significant difference in time to CDW between the pregnant and nonpregnant groups (hazard ratio [HR], 1.15; 95% CI, 0.96-1.38). However, ARR during pregnancy (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.13-1.65) and postpartum EDSS score higher than 4 (HR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.80-4.03) were associated with shorter time to CDW. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, women with moderate to severe MS disability exhibited a pattern of peripregnancy relapse activity similar to that reported in women with less disability. Pregnancy was not associated with worse long-term disability outcomes, although optimizing disease control in the peripregnancy period remained critical
Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Assessing the Antiplaque Efficacy of Fatty Acids–Based Mouthrinse
Get PDFObjectivesThe market offers many plaque-controlling mouthrinse options, but recent research reveals fatty acids' antimicrobial potential. Despite limited evidence on their antiplaque effects, fatty acids are intriguing for oral care innovation.Material and MethodsThis noninferiority randomized clinical trial assessed the antiplaque efficacy of a fatty acids-based (FAG) compared to stannous fluoride (SF) mouthrinse in experimental gingivitis induced by 14 days of oral hygiene cessation. Participants used assigned treatments twice daily for 14 days. Full Mouth Plaque and Bleeding Scores (FMPS/FMBS) served as primary outcomes. Statistical analyses encompassed parametric and nonparametric methods, as well as logistic regression models.ResultsThirty-one volunteers (22.9 +/- 1.6 years, 58.1 female) completed the trial, split between FAG (n = 15) and SF (n = 16) groups. Experimental gingivitis increased in both groups, with rates of 60.0% and 50.0% for FAG and SF, respectively. After the 14-day intervention, FMPS and FMBS were reduced in both groups compared to the post-induction phase, confirming the noninferiority of FAG. Specifically, FAG's FMPS was 39.7% +/- 13.8% with FMBS at 28.9% +/- 16.9%, while SF's FMPS was 43.2% +/- 14.9% with FMBS at 21.4% +/- 11.9%. No significant FMPS/FMBS differences were observed overtime, and there were also no significant differences in gingivitis rates throughout the trial. Crude and adjusted models, accounting for baseline FMPS, age and gender, reiterated the lack of significant association between outcomes and treatments. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.71 (p = 0.662).ConclusionThis study establishes the noninferiority of fatty acids-based relative to SF mouthrinse in an experimental gingivitis model. Fatty acids offer promising avenues for oral care enhancement, necessitating further investigation and validation in broader real-life scenarios
Integrated sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: groundwork for an interlaboratory comparison
No full textThis work intends to lay the groundwork for an interlaboratory comparison of methodologies for Structural Health Monitoring, employing integrated transducers for the impact localization on structures. The study is conducted on an aluminum plate, on which impacts are produced by metal spheres of different mass, dropping from a fixed height, and the generated Lamb waves are detected by PZT sensors glued on the surface. A Laser Doppler Vibrometer is used for validation purposes, and different data processing and feature extraction algorithms are applied for comparison, with the goal of training Machine Learning models. The primary objective is to establish an optimized procedure that ensures reproducibility of results across different laboratories, for a possible in-field transfer
Ultrasound and three-dimensional image reconstruction angio-computed tomography scan for hybrid surgical tracheostomy in patient with abnormal neck vascularization
Get PDFPercutaneous dilatational tracheostomy is a common and safe ICU procedure. However, neck anatomy variations can cause bleeding. Pre-procedural ultrasound should be carried out to detect abnormalities in neck structures. A 3D image reconstruction angio-computed tomography scan of the epiaortic vessels should be performed for precise planning of actions. We describe a hybrid tracheostomy technique required following an anomalous vascularization of the neck discovered preoperatively by echography and imaging method