Digital Library of Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
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Explanations in Everyday Software Systems: Towards a Taxonomy for Explainability Needs
No full textThe integration of explanations within software can address the opacity of complex systems, making them more understandable to end-users. Understanding what type of system requires what types of explanations is necessary to facilitate the consideration of explainability in early software design processes. In order to specify explainability requirements, an explainability taxonomy that applies to different software types is needed. Our work reports on the results of an online survey with 84 participants. We asked the participants to state their questions and confusions concerning their three most recently used software systems and elicited explainability needs from their statements. These needs were coded by three researchers. In total, we identified and classified 315 explainability needs from the survey answers
A Case Study with Vortex RISC-V GPU in the METASAT Platform Digital Twin
No full textIn the aerospace sector, the increasing system complexity of on-board processing for next-gen functionalities (e.g., autonomy) requires high-computational power. This typically leads to advanced cyber (SW and HW) platforms adopting multicores, GPUs, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) accelerators. In this setting, anticipating the integration verification activity earlier in the V development is crucial to save time and costs; and this can be enabled by migrating from real HW prototypes to virtual platforms where the on-board SW applications can run on top of them and fed by real operational data (namely, an as-designed digital twin of the system under test). This capability is among the objectives of the METASAT Horizon Europe project where a Model-Based Engineering approach is developed to build an as-designed digital twin of a high-performance platform coupling an open-source RISC-V GPU with a RISC-V based CPU Instruction Set Simulator (ISS) integrated with an AI accelerator. To build the virtual HW platform of such a digital twin, this paper presents an approach based on open standards (SystemC and TLM 2.0) for the integration of a GPU’s register transfer level (RTL) intellectual property (IP) with an HW platform model. Finally, such an approach has been applied to the METSAT case study
Data Products: Overcoming the Boundaries of Data Platforms to Facilitate Data Sharing in Enterprises
No full textIn today's enterprises, huge amounts of data are generated every day. By applying data-driven analysis techniques, this data can be exploited for insights that may help to optimize business processes. For the systematic collection, management and processing of data, data platforms such as data warehouses and data lakes have been established, which provide a central access point of data for analytics applications. However, industrial practice shows that analytics architectures of large enterprises are not organized centrally, but instead consist of many differently shaped data platforms that are operated by separate business units for reasons such as an improved time to market, flexibility and customer orientation. Due to this heterogeneity, the sharing of data between different business units becomes difficult from both a technical and organizational perspective. Data products constitute a promising approach to address this issue, as they pursue to package data as standardized, self-contained and ready-to-consume units. This paper discusses the challenges of distributed data platform landscapes in enterprises regarding data sharing from an industry perspective and illustrates why practitioners are placing high hopes in data products to overcome these boundaries
Incremental Stream Query Merging In Action
No full textStream Processing Engines (SPEs) execute long-running queries on unbounded data streams. However, they primarily focus on achieving high throughput and low latency for a single query. To deploy multiple queries, the users instead scale the infrastructure, executing each query in isolation. As a result, SPEs overlook potential data and computation-sharing opportunities among several long-running queries. As streaming queries are continuous and long-running, identifying sharing opportunities among newly arriving and existing queries can reduce resource utilization. This allows for deploying more queries without the need to scale the infrastructure. In this demonstration, we present Incremental Stream Query Merging (ISQM), an end-to-end solution to identify and maintain sharing among stream queries. We showcase six different types of sharing identification techniques and their impact on query optimization and execution time
Designing a FAIR Research Data Management System –-- Insights from a User Needs Study
No full textResearch data management, particularly in heterogeneous environments, presents a significant challenge. This is especially true for universities, which, due to their broad range of disciplines, must meet a wide variety of requirements. While systems already exist for this purpose, they often focus on specific research areas or fail to prioritize the user. In this paper, a catalog of requirements for a university-wide user-centered RDMS is developed. To this end, a user study was conducted in the form of an online user survey with 269 international scientists from 36 different disciplines. It resulted in the identification of useful functions for an RDMS in line with the FAIR principles
Software Reconfiguration in Robotics
No full textWe present our article on our empirical study of software reconfiguration in robotics, which was published as a journal-first article in Empirical Software Engineering (EMSE). In this article, we assessed and compared the state of the art and practice in automated software reconfiguration in robotic systems at runtime. To operate in diverse environments, robotic systems need to reconfigure their software, e.g., by loading/unloading software modules or changing their parameters, to cope with changing missions and conditions. We identified a significant mismatch between how reconfiguration is considered in the state-of-the-art, derived from a review of 78 academic publications on reconfiguration in robotics, and the state-of-practice, derived from a review of how reconfiguration is supported by four popular robotics frameworks and what is implemented in 48 robotics (sub)systems on GitHub. While research focuses on complex structural reconfiguration, considering advanced triggers and constraints, in practice only parameter reconfiguration has been widely adopted. We provide practitioners with best practices for developing reconfigurable robotic systems, and researchers with the insights needed to focus on reconfiguration techniques that are applicable in practice
Python-Programmierung und Algorithmen mit Jupyter Notebooks: Ein Praxisbeispiel aus dem Informatikunterricht
No full textIn diesem Artikel beleuchten wir die Einsatzmöglichkeiten JupyterLab-basierter Lernumgebungen im Informatikunterricht am Beispiel der Plattform Coding Labs. Zunächst geben wir einen Überblick über die Nutzung von JupyterLab im Bildungsbereich und stellen die Lernplattform Coding Labs vor. Anschließend beschreiben wir spezifische Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten für Lehrmaterialien innerhalb von JupyterLab. Abschließend fassen wir unsere Erkenntnisse aus Praxistests an Schulen zusammen. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass besonders die Möglichkeit der Kombination von theoretischen Unterrichtsinhalten mit praktischen Programmieraufgaben in JupyterLab-Umgebungen einen erheblichen Mehrwert bietet. Lehrkräfte hoben zudem positiv hervor, dass die geräteunabhängige Erreichbarkeit es den Schüler*innen erlaubt, Aufgaben und Mitschriften von zu Hause aus aufzurufen und zu bearbeiten
Controlled vocabularies in metadata
No full textInnovation in research and development relies on findability of information on prior work. For that purpose, FAO maintains AGRIS, an aggregator system making publication and dataset metadata distributed all across the globe searchable. Keyword metadata are a crucial factor for navigation and information retrieval in such systems. Thesauri like AGROVOC provide a means for standardized keyword assignment following best practices of subject indexing. A metadata analysis has been conducted with the objective of identifying common usage patterns and determining whether concept coverage in AGROVOC is adequate for annotation and indexing in AGRIS
Workshop Summary
No full textSoftware-driven systems are becoming pivotal, underpinning the majority of innovations in contemporary automobiles. This workshop is poised to explore a plethora of topics pertinent to automotive software development. Attendees will engage in discourse on the most apt methodologies, techniques, and tools essential for navigating the foremost challenges faced by researchers and practitioners in the field