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A Study on Impact of Natural Background Radiation and Physical Environment on Health of the Slum People in Khulna City
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Physics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physics, April 2016.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 84-89).In urban areas of developing countries the presence of slum is very common. Bangladesh is one of the rapidly urbanizing countries. The number of slums has significantly increased in Bangladesh over the last three decades along with the expansion of cities and towns. Basic facilities are very much unsatisfactory for the slum people. Due to lack of proper water supply and sanitation system they suffer several diseases. Natural uranium concentration is also high in tube well water which is responsible for kidney diseases. The urban population particularly poor live in a crowded, damp and highly polluted environment. Against this background the study was performed in Khulna city. The present work has been designed to investigate the life-style health, sanitation profile, the existing status of access of the slum dwellers, identify the status of water use, hygienic condition, background radiation conditions and its impact on health of the slum people of Jabdipur slum, Bagmara slum, Bastuhara slum and Muripotty slum of Khulna City in Bangladesh. The area has been selected by using purposive sampling technique and data has been collected from 339 households, which have been surveyed by using systematic random sampling technique. Data has also been collected via questionnaires, personal interview, and direct observation and focus group discussions. It has also been explored the water security and safety at the point of consumption, problems faced in getting safe drinking water, drainage facilities, solid waste disposal system, knowledge of the features of hygienic latrine, awareness about health etc. It has been found that the services to water supply, sanitation and health is hardly related to income, occupation, housing and educational status. It has also been found that housing structure and occupational pattern of the slum people are highly vulnerable situation. Income level, sanitation, solid waste disposal and drainage pattern are in greater vulnerable situation. The work may attribute to further research on water supply and sanitation study. It will guide those who will work to improve the present.Amina ChowdhuryMaster of Science in Physic
A New Approach to Design Microstrip Low Pass Filter
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, July 2015.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 115-119).With the emergence of novel wireless technologies, the demands for larger bandwidth, high
efficiency and high capacity RF and microwave devices have been growing tremendously. The
recent implementations in solid state and semiconductor materials give us hope for future
applications. It should be remarked that although many of the ideas could have been proposed
much earlier, it is only recently that they were identified or demonstrated due to various
technological advances. The electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) is introduced to improve the
performances of existing RF active and passive devices. Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG)
structures produced a wide variety of design alternatives for researchers working in the area
of microwave and photonics. The focus is now towards on finding real applications combined
with detailed modeling. Due to the incredible potential of EBGs, there are huge applications in
which they can be used. New companies have also started to exploit the commercial potential of
this technology.
This thesis describes the planar EBG structures in the forms of conventional circular and
rectangular photonic bandgaps (PBGs) and dumbbell shaped defected ground structures (DGSs).
Novel PBGs in the form of non-uniform Binomial and Chebyshev distributions of unit PBG cells
have been proposed. This novel PBGSs contains fewer ripples with lesser height or ripple free
passband and wide stopband properties, which are very useful to suppress higher order harmonics
in the lowpass filters (LPF). The dumbbell shaped DGSs study has been described with the gap
width and length and the size of dumbbell slots. Some novel designs have been proposed such as;
non-uniform dumbbell shaped DGSs with Binomial and Chebyshev distribution, hybrid dumbbell
shaped DGS and PBGS and modified hybrid dumbbell shaped DGS and PBGS configurations.
The novel designs perform better than the conventional DGSs reported in the literature. The DGSs
yield perfect LPF responses with negligible passband ripples and extremely wide stopband.
In this thesis, we have investigated on uniform circular, rectangular and dumbbell shaped
DGS structures with different filling factor (FF). Therefore, FF is not a single valued parameter.
In our study, we have defined the FF as the ratio of central dumbbell shaped DGS element and
inter-element spacing. And then for the better performance, we have focused on different
Binomially and Chebyshev distributed dumbbell shaped DGSs. This research conveys the
performance of low pass filter using those distributions at about 4 GHz cutoff frequency. These
distributions remove the unwanted insertion loss in the band rejection region. Sufficient
explanations have been provided to validate the total research works in the thesis. Finally,
comparing the insertion loss (IL) and return loss (RL) performances of the LPFs with binomially
and Chebyshev distributed dumbbell shaped DGSs and hybrid DGSs. Binomially distributed DGSs
and hybrid DGSs provide improved performance than conventional PBGSs and Chebyshev
distributed dumbbell shaped DGSs in terms of suppression of the ripple in the passband and return
and insertion-loss bandwidths.G. M. RafiquzzamanMaster of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineerin
Compression Schemes for High Dimensional Data based on Extendible Multidimensional Arrays
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Engineering, March, 2015.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 64-67).Traditional Multidimensional Array (TMA) is an important data structure for handling
large scale multidimensional dataset, but they are not extendible during run time. Another
problem for representing the real life data by multidimensional arrays is that it creates high
degree of sparsity. Due to this sparsity problem and increasing size of the data structures,
it becomes necessity to develop a suitable scheme to compress the multidimensional array
in an efficient way so that it takes comparatively low memory storage. To minimize both
of these sparsity and reorganization problem novel schemes are proposed to compress high
dimensional data based on dynamically extendible array. In this research work we propose
compression schemes based on Extendible multidimensional array. The proposed
compression schemes are Extendible array based Compressed Row Storage (EaCRS)
scheme, Linearized Extendible array based Compressed Row Storage (LEaCRS) scheme
and Extendible array based Chunk Offset Compression Scheme (EaChOfJ. The main idea
of both the EaCRS and LEaCRS scheme is to compress the subarrays independently found
from the existing extendible array. LEaCRS scheme differs from EaCRS scheme only in
the way that the LEaCRS
scheme needs to linearize each subarray first and then
compresses the subarray independently. EaChOJj scheme linearizes each subarray
independently and breaks a large multi dimensional extendible array into chunks for
compressing. In this scheme, a maximum size of each chunk is considered and chunks are
formed by one or more subarrays. We evaluated our proposed schemes by comparing
compression ratio, data retrieval time and extension cost with CR3 on TMA and
ChunkOJjei
Compression on TMA. Both analytical analysis and experimental tests were
conducted. The analytical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed
schemes have better range of usability and compression ratio for practical applications
than traditional schemes. Furthermore, we found that the retrieval time of the proposed
compression schemes are independent of different dimensions. The increment operation
will be efficient in the proposed compression schemes than the existing traditional
compression schemes because it increments without reorganizing the previous data.Md. Rakibul IslamMaster of Science in Computer Science and Engineerin
Volumetric and Viscometric Studies on the Long Chain fatty acid in Surfactant Stabilized Propanol
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Chemistry, January 2015.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-90).Volumetric and viscometric studies of binary mixtures of (fatty acid + propanol) and ternary
mixtures of (fatty acid + propanol + surfactant) were done. Lauric, palm tic and stearic acids
were taken as fatty acids while the surfactant was sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The
investigated binary and ternary systems were carried out over a concentration range of
0.0100-0.4000 M of fatty acids at 298.15 to 323.15 K at 5 K intervals. The SDS
concentrations were 0.001 M and 0.005 M. The apparent molar volumes, φv. of both binary and ternary mixtures were determined from the densities of the mixtures. The φv, values have been found to be positive throughout the whole concentration range for all acids in propanol. The apparent molar volumes, .co. of all fatty acids in propanol were found to be increased with concentration at all temperatures.SimilarlyφV, values were found to be increased with increasing temperature at any
concentration of the solution. These results may be due to the solute—solvent and
solute—solute interaction in the solutions. This shows that φ, values are strongly dependent
upon concentration as well as the temperature. The φv values are also found to be increased
with the chain length of the fatty acids and this may be due to the hydrophobic characters of
alkyl chain. The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain of the fatty acid is
proportional to the degree of hydrophobic/hydroPhilic balance of the whole compound.
Eventually the pattern of apparent molar volumes of laurie, palmitic and stearic acids in
0.001 and 0.005 M SDS solution is very similar to those of (propanol + fatty acid) systems.
The apparent molar volumes decreased at all concentration of SDS in comparison to
corresponding systems without SDS. The results conferred that at molecular arrangements in
SDS to (fatty acid+propanol) systems more organized than corresponding systems without SDS.
The values of viscosity (η) of laurie, palmitic, and stearic acids in propanol increased with
concentration at all six temperatures. The increase of η values of all acids with concentration
can be attributed to the increase in both solute—solvent and solute—solute interactions with
17 are found to be increased with the carbon number along the hydrocarbon chain of the fatty acid
concentration. At the same time, at a constant temperature and concentration, values of η.
can be explained by the increase in both molecular mass of the fatty acid and the degree of
solute solvent interactions with carbon number. The ultimate pattern of viscosity after
addition of SDS is almost similar to corresponding systems without SDS.
The change of free energy, ∆G and enthalpy, ∆H* values for viscous flow were found to be
positive work had to be done to overcome the energy barrier for the flow process. The
change of entropy, ∆S* values for the flow process are negative in all cases.Md. Abdus SalamMaster of Philosophy in Chemistr
