KUET Institutional Repository (Khulna University of Engineering & Technology)
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Air Quality Assessment of Cement Manufacturing Process: A Case Study in Khulna City
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering, April 2017.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-92)Air pollution has deleterious impacts on human health and environment. Industrial sector has always led to increase the immense challenge of controlling this atmospheric pollution. Cement industry is one of the potential anthropogenic sources of air pollution and gradual substitution of traditional building patterns by modern high-rise ones has pushed up the use of cement in Bangladesh. It may cause an alteration on the air quality of Bangladesh in near future until any initiatives taken. Therefore, this study has made an attempt to determine the contribution level of a sampled cement manufacturing factory (CMF) on human health. With this consequence, this
study has estimated the emission of air pollutant’s by emission factor method, characterized existed materials by different micro analysis such as XRF, particle size analysis SEM-EDS, XRD, and FTIR to correlate them with the health risk exposure. In addition it has also assessed occupational health risks at sampled CMF.
The results of XRF analysis showed that the oxides such as CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, SO3, K2O, Na2O, and Fe2O3 are available in raw materials, products and by-products of CMF. SEM micrographs have evidently shown the existence of fine particles (<PM 0.5). The presence of heavy metals i.e. Ti and Mo are identified (Ti in clinker, gypsum and fly-ash, Mo in PCC, bag filter dust, clinker and slag) by EDS analysis. XRD analysis reveals the existence of carcinogenic substances i.e. α-quartz in sampled PCC, road dust, bag filter dust, fly ash and limestone. FTIR analysis also confirms the similar finding of XRD by bonding confirmation.
The study reveals the sampled CMF at Labanchara, Khulna executes a grinding based cement production where raw materials including clinker are being imported. Consequently, the CMF emits less gaseous pollutants and however, it produces a significant amount of dust. The CMF generates dust of approximately 50.31 metric ton/year to the surroundings. It signifies 51 g of dust is being discharged from per metric ton cement production or 2.57 g of dust from 1 cement bag. The CMF has the total annual emission of 162 kg, 157 kg, 33 kg, 13 kg and 11 kg of CO, NOx, VOCs, SO2, and PM10 respectively for vehicular movement.
The AQI of Labanchara CMF indicates moderate level of health concern. Annual number of premature deaths due to exposure to PM10 is found for all cause mortality as 0.145 (95% CI: 0.115-0.178) at Labanchara CMF. Annual number of premature deaths due to exposure to PM2.5 is found as 0.135 (95% CI: 0.055-0.194) and 0.009 (95% CI: 0.004-0.012) for cardio-pulmonary diseases and lung cancer respectively there. The DALYs for study area has found as 6 hours per year per worker at CMF due to the exposure of PM which indicates the importance of imposing emission estimation and reporting policy for cement industries in Bangladesh.
The study concludes that the PCC is more hazardous than OPC regarding the health issue as it contains comparatively finer particles and carcinogenic substances such as crystalline silica originated from fly ash. Also the presence of very fine particles, heavy metals and crystalline silica making the cement dusts itself very hazardous substances. As a result it can cause harm on people upon inhalation staying within industry or in the vicinity of its surrounding. Even people working in or near construction site may be in alarming condition if no measure is taken when this cement product will be used for construction.Zerin Binte AlamMaster of Science in Civil Engineerin
Design and Analysis of Field Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, May 2017.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-81).This research project is about Field Oriented Control strategies for Permanent Magnet
Brushless DC (PMBLDC) Motor. In PMBLDC Motor for Field Oriented Control direct axis
reference current Id ref is considered zero, therefore forces the current space vector in the
quadrature direction. Since only the quadrature axis current produces useful torque, this
maximizes the torque efficiency of the system. Three PMBLDC Motor Control systems are
designed, namely (1) Sinusoidal Current Regulated Pulse Width Modulation (CRPWM)
Control, (2) Square Wave Current Regulated Pulse Width Modulation Control and (3)
Voltage Regulated Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Control. A state space model
consisting three phase currents, three phase voltages, speed and position is developed. For
testing, C++ simulation programs are designed for these three control strategies. The
performance of the proposed control methods are studied for starting condition, load torque
changes, speed variation, stator resistance changes and initial rotor angle mismatch condition.
We have observed that Field Orientation Control methods have good performance and speed
response. But speed response in Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Control is better.
Overall performance of all three control methods are proved satisfactory for speed control.
A simple experiment is also done in the laboratory with a prototype design by
using customized software in an electronic control board with integrated inverter.
There is a built in position sensor embedded on the motor. The system was run in
open loop and found to work satisfactorily.Md. Ashraful IslamMaster of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineerin
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives and Investigation of their Antimicrobial Activity
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Chemistry, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry, May 2017.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-88).The research work was involved in an efficient procedure for the attachment of 4- amino acetophenone with benzaldehyde in the presence of 10% NaOH to produce 1-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-phenyl-propenone (I) or arylidine acetophenone. 4-{1-[(2,4-Dinitro-phenyl)-hydrazono]-3-phenyl-allyl}-phenylamine (II) has been synthesized by the reaction of 2,4 DNP with 1-(4-Amino-phenyl)-3-phenyl-propenone. Reaction of barbituric acid with arylidine acetophenone under refluxing condensation using 50% aqueous ethanol which on further
reflux to give the corresponding pyrimidine derivatives, 7-(4-Amino-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1, 5-dihydro-pyrano [2, 3-d] pyrimidine-2, 4-Dione (III). The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by their IR, NMR spectral data. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the compounds was also investigated. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds at concentration at 300μg/disc was performed against three gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and three gramnegative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and citobacteria frundi) by
Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using Ciprofloxacin as standard. Antifungal screening was carried out against one fungi ( Tricodarma harzianum) using Michonazole as standard. Compound I, 1-(4-Amino-phenyl)-3-phenyl-propenone exhibits no activity against the tested bacterial strains but showed moderate activity against the tested fungi Trichoderma harziniaum having inhibition zone 11 mm. Compound III, 7-(4-Amino-phenyl)-5-phenyl- 1,5-dihydro-pyrano[2,3-d] pyrimidine-2,4-Dione exhibits broad spectrum activity against both gram negative and gram positive strains tested except Listeria monocytogenes. Also the compound II, 4-{1-[(2,4-Dinitro-phenyl)-hydrazono]-3-phenyl-allyl}-phenylamine showed promising antibacterial activity having inhibition zone of 24 mm against Ctirobacteria freundi having no antifungal activity. Those bacteria revealed the zone of inhibition were 11-24 mm. The presence of an amino and unsaturated ketone function in synthesized compound may be responsible for their antibacterial and antifungal activity.Reshma ParvinMaster of Science in Chemistr
Study on Standard Ideal and Homomorphism Theorem of a Nearlattice
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Mathematics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Mathematics, April 2017.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-48).In this thesis the standard ideal of a nearlattices is presented. By a nearlattice S we will always mean a meet semilattice together with the property that any two elements possessing a common upper bound, have a supremum. Cornish and Hickman [4] referred this property as the upper bound property, and a semilattice of this nature as a semilattice with the upperbound property. Cornish and Noor [5] preferred to call these semilattices as nearlattices, as the behavior of such a semilattice is close to that of a lattice than an ordinary semilattice. Of course a nearlattice with a largest element is a lattice. Since any semilattice satisfying the descending chain condition has the upper bound property, so all finite semilattices are nearlattices. In lattice theory, it is always very difficult to study the non-distributive and non-modular lattices. Geatzer [12] studied the non-distributive lattice by introducing the concept of distributive, standard and neutral elements in lattices. Cornish and Noor [5] extended those concepts for nearlattices to study non-distributive nearlattices. This thesis extend the concept of standard ideal of a nearlattices. We also extend the homomorphism theorem of lattices to nearlattices. Finally we generalize two isomorphism theorems of Gratzer, G. and Schmidt, E. T [14] to nearlattices.G.M. Jahid HossainMaster of Science in Mathematic