KYOTO GAKUEN UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC REPOSITORY
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    〔Notes on Retiring Professor〕

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    〔Notes on Retiring Professor〕

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    会則

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    Contemporary Self-Sacrifice Considered from the Manga Version of ‘Devilman’: Application to the Evaluation of a Self-Sacrificing Behavior in the Bullying Problem

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    要旨 本研究では,漫画版デビルマンのストーリーから見る自己犠牲につい ての検討を行った。主人公である不動明は,その漫画の中で,自らが デーモン(悪魔)と合体し,人間としての生き方を捨て,デーモンとなっ て人類を守ろうとする自己犠牲を示している。その行為について,特に 道徳的・倫理的観点と心理学的観点の2 つの視点から,先行研究をもと に整理した。 その結果,自己犠牲的行為は,①メリットの最大化志向と行為の両価 性,②行為の持つ価値の不確定性,③行為の被強制性・受動性,および 葛藤状況の存在,④行為の長期的視点と短期的視点,および行為の過剰 適応性の可能性,⑤メリットを受ける対象者の違い,という5 点に集約 された。特に③の⽛行為の被強制性・受動性,および葛藤状況の存在⽜ に関して,これまで多くの先行研究で前提となっていた自己犠牲的行為 の,⽛主体性や自己の意志⽜に関する疑問点が取り上げられた。 また整理された内容をもとに,現代のいじめ問題において起こる可能 性のある自己犠牲について検討を行った。本稿では現代社会でよく耳に する架空のいじめ事例に沿って,どのように自己犠牲的行為を評価すべ きかを議論した。自己犠牲的行為は単に⽛美徳⽜だと評価することは拙 速であり,素晴らしい行為と評価するためには,①その行為者周辺の安 定した生活環境と個人の人格の安定性,②リスクを引き受ける精神的な タフさ,③メリットとデメリットのバランスを検討できる判断力,④行 為の価値の不確定性の理解,というものを持ち合わせていなければなら ない。そうでなければ行為者自身がリスクに晒されたり,周囲から批判 を受けたりする可能性がある。またその行動を周囲が受容する素地を持 っているのかどうかも,行為を成す上で重要な要素となることが議論さ れた。Abstract This study examined self-sacrifice as seen from the manga version of “Devilman.” In this version, Fudo Akira, the protagonist, shows the self-sacrifice of uniting himself with the devil, abandoning his life as a human being, and becoming a demon to protect humanity. The behaviors are summarized based on previous studies, particularly from two perspectives: a moral and ethical perspective and a psychological perspective. As a result, self-sacrificing behaviors were summarized into the following five points: (1) the desire to maximize the merits and the ambivalence of the behavior, (2) uncertainty of the value of the behavior, (3) compulsive and passive nature of the behavior, and the existence of conflict situations, (4) the long-term and short-term perspectives of the behavior, and the possibility of over-adaptability of the behavior, and (5) the differences in the subjects who receive the benefits. Specifically, point (3), “the compulsive and passive nature of the behavior and the existence of conflict situations,” questions the “subjectivity and self-will” of self-sacrificing behavior that was a premise in many studies to date. In addition, the self-sacrificing behavior in contemporary bullying problems was examined based on the summarized content. In this paper, we discuss how to evaluate self-sacrificing behaviors based on fictitious cases of bullying that we often hear of in modern society. To evaluate self-sacrificing behaviors as “virtues” is a poor approach, and to evaluate them as great acts, one must have (1) a stable living environment around the self-sacrificing person and personal stability, (2) mental toughness to take risks, (3) the ability to determine the balance between merits and demerits and (4) understand the uncertainty of the value of the behavior. Otherwise, the selfsacrificing person per se may be exposed to risks or be criticized by others. In addition, we also discussed whether such persons have the foundation for such behavior to be accepted by those around them, which is important for conduction of such behavior.departmental bulletin pape

    Dedication

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    Prohibition of Interest and the Modern Monetary

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    奥付

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    表紙・裏表紙

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