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Developing a secure image encryption technique using a novel S-box constructed through real-coded genetic algorithm’s crossover and mutation operators
No full textThe objective of this study is to craft a novel S-Box tailored to stringent security standards, achieved through iterative application of crossover and mutation operators inherent to real-coded genetic algorithms, ensuring robust image encryption. The designed S-Box is rigorously evaluated across multiple criteria, demonstrating its superiority over comparable S-Box designs found in existing literature. Furthermore, a secure image encryption method based on the designed S-Boxes devised and also including a 2D hyperchaotic Styblinski–Tang map. Thorough security assessments, encompassing statistical analysis and resilience testing against diverse attacks and noise, it is validated the encryption technique’s efficiency and applicability across varied scenarios.Q
Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of gold and silver nanoparticles in dextran–polyacrylamide copolymers
Full text linkSearch for new antimicrobial agents is of great significance due to the issue of antimicrobial resistance, which nowadays has become more important than many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and biological effects of a dextran-graft-polyacrylamide (D-PAA) polymer-nanocarrier with/without silver or gold nanoparticles (AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA, respectively) to analyze their potential to replace or supplement conventional antibiotic therapy. The toxicity of nanocomplexes against eukaryotic cells was assessed on primary dermal fibroblasts using scratch, micronucleus and proliferation assays. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical) assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of D-PAA, AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA. DNA cleavage, antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition effects of nanocomplexes were investigated. Nanocomplexes were found to be of moderate toxicity against fibroblasts with no genotoxicity observed. AgNPs/D-PAA reduced motility and proliferation at lower concentrations compared with the other studied nanomaterials. AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA showed radical scavenging capacities in a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs/D-PAA against various bacteria was found to be much higher compared to D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA, especially against E. hirae, E. faecalis and S. aureus, respectively. D-PAA, AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA showed DNA-cleaving and biofilm inhibitory activity, while AgNPs/D-PAA displayed the highest anti-biofilm activity. AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA were characterized by good antimicrobial activity. According to the findings of the study, AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA can be evaluated as alternatives for the preparation of new antimicrobial agents, the fight against biofilms, sterilization and disinfection processes. Our findings confirm the versatility of nanosystems based on dextran-polyacrylamide polymers and indicate that AgNPs/D-PAA and AuNPs/D-PAA can be evaluated as alternatives for the preparation of novel antimicrobial agents.Q20010625491000022-s2.0-851691654363765106
Development of a Cr2AlC MAX phase/g-C3N4 composite-based electrochemical sensor for accurate cabotegravir determination in pharmaceutical and biological samples
Full text linkA highly sensitive electrochemical sensor is reported that employs a modified electrode for the precise measurement of cabotegravir, a potent anti-HIV drug. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were utilized for this purpose. Electrode modification involved the immobilization of Cr2AlC MAX phase/g-C3N4 onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to enhance its electrocatalytic activity and selectivity for cabotegravir detection. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the working potential (vs. Ag/AgCl) was to 0.93 V. The developed sensor exhibited a good linear relationship in the range 0.05 µM to 9.34 µM with a low limit of detection of 4.33 nM, signifying its exceptional sensitivity. Additionally, it demonstrated successful cabotegravir detection in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples, achieving an RSD below 3.0%. The recoveries fell within the range 97.7 to 102%, confirming the sensor's potential for real-sample applications. This innovative electrochemical sensor represents a significant advancement, providing a simple, reliable, and sensitive tool for the accurate measurement of cabotegravir. Its potential applications include optimizing drug dosages, monitoring treatment responses, and supporting the development of cabotegravir-based pharmaceutical products, thereby contributing to advancements in HIV therapy and prevention strategies.Q12-s2.0-851851081943835577
Cultivating writing skills: the role of ChatGPT as a learning assistant—a case study
Full text linkArtificial intelligence (AI) has garnered considerable interest in the field of language education in recent times; however, limited research has focused on the role of AI in the specific context of register knowledge learning during English language writing. This study aims to address this research gap by examining the impact of ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot, on the acquisition of register knowledge across various writing tasks. The research design employed a one-case shot pre-experimental design, with 11 voluntary participants selected through convenience sampling. Preliminary results indicate that students found ChatGPT beneficial for acquiring formal register knowledge but perceived it as unnecessary for informal writing. Additionally, the effectiveness of ChatGPT in teaching neutral register was questioned by the participants. This research contributes to the existing literature by shedding new light on the effects of AI-generated chatbots in register learning during the writing process, offering insights into their potential as learning assistants. Further investigation is warranted to explore the broader implications and applications of AI in language learning contexts.Q10011869109000012-s2.0-8518813191
Agent-based models: Herd instinct in single-asset financial markets
No full textFinansal piyasalarda sürü davranışı, yatırımcıların bireysel analizler yerine diğer
yatırımcıların davranışlarını taklit etme eğilimleri olarak tanımlanır. Bu çalışmada, bu tür
kolektif davranışların dinamiklerini ve finansal piyasalar üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek
için ajan tabanlı bir model kullanılmıştır. Ajan tabanlı modeller, her bir yatırımcıyı
bağımsız bir karar verici olarak modellerken, aynı zamanda bu bireylerin birbirleriyle
olan etkileşimlerini de dikkate alır. Bu etkileşimler, piyasada sürü davranışlarının nasıl
başladığını ve bu davranışların piyasa dinamikleri üzerinde nasıl dönüştürücü bir etki
yaratabileceğini göstermek için kritik öneme sahiptir. Araştırmada kullanılan model, her
bir yatırımcı ajanının kendi bilgi setine ve piyasa gözlemlerine dayanarak kararlar
almasını simüle ederken, diğer ajanların kararlarını da dikkate almaktadır. Bu interaktif
süreç, zamanla sürü davranışlarının nasıl ortaya çıktığını ve piyasa trendlerinin nasıl hızla
yayılabileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, özellikle ani fiyat hareketleri ve piyasa
balonları gibi olayları anlamada ajan tabanlı modellerin potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır.
Bulgular, finansal piyasalarda risk yönetimi ve düzenleyici stratejiler geliştirilirken bu tür
modellerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır
Konya Kapalı Havzası için Priestly-Taylor Katsayısı Değerlendirmesi
Full text linkMeasurement of evaporation in the field is difficult and expensive; thus, the empirical evaporation estimation methods have been developed. However, these estimation methods have both advantages and disadvantages. The main disadvantage is that their coefficients were determined by the climatic conditions of the study areas. One of these methods is Penman. The Penman method, accepted as a reference, has reached the closest estimations to the measurement of evaporation in the field of the different parts of the world. However, it needs lots of measured climatic data. The Priestley-Taylor method was derived to reduce the measured data needs of the Penman method. Priestly and Taylor represented the variables such as saturated and actual vapor pressures and wind speed with coefficient of 1.26. The researchers have continued to study on the calibration of the coefficient for their studies’ area since this method has been known to underestimate evaporation value in areas where advection is effective. The present study consists of two stages. First, evaporation was tried to be estimated with these two methods by using the measured climatic data of five meteorological stations in the Konya Closed Basin. Estimated values were evaluated making comparison with the pan measurements. Although slightly higher values were estimated from the pan measurements with each method, the Penman method was found to be relatively more consistent on the basis of statistical indicators. Second, coefficient was obtained as 1.28 for the study area by using three artificial intelligence-based optimization algorithms. The Penman method was used for comparison in this stage. It was concluded that there was no need for any calibration of the coefficient and the original one was found to be valid for the study area as well
Electromyographic analysis of the traditional and spin throwing techniques for goalball games related to ball velocity for selected upper extremity muscles
Full text linkGoalball is a popular sport among visually impaired individuals, offering many physical and social benefits. Evaluating performance in Goalball, particularly understanding factors influencing ball velocity during throwing techniques, is essential for optimizing training programs and enhancing player performance. However, there is limited research on muscle activation patterns during Goalball throwing movements, needing further investigation to address this gap. Therefore, this study aims to examine muscle activity in sub-elite visually impaired Goalball players during different throwing techniques and visual conditions, focusing on its relationship with ball velocity. Methods: 15 sub-elite Goalball players (2 female, 13 males; mean age of 20.46 ± 2.23 years) participated in the study. Muscle activity was evaluated with the Myo armband, while ball velocity was measured using two cameras and analyzed with MATLAB software. Different visual conditions were simulated using an eye band, and the effects of these conditions on muscle activation and ball velocity were examined. Results: The flexor muscles were found to be more active during the spin throw techniques with the eyes open (p = 0.011). The extensor muscles were found to be more active in the eyes-closed spin throw techniques compared to the eyes-open position (p = 0.031). Ball velocity was found related to the flexor muscles. Interestingly, no significant differences in ball velocity were observed between different throwing techniques or visual conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Ball velocity, one of the performance indicators of the athlete, is primarily related to upper extremity flexor muscle strength rather than visual acuity. It has less visual acuity, but an athlete with more upper-extremity flexor muscle strength will have an advantage in Goalball game. The spin throw technique, which is reported to provide a biomechanical advantage for professional players in the literature, did not provide an advantage in terms of ball velocity for the sub elite players evaluated in our study. This knowledge can inform the development of targeted training programs aimed at improving technique and enhancing ball velocity in Goalball players.Q10012175949000012-s2.0-851925448663872504
THE PARADOX OF CONSTITUTIONALISM
Full text linkkötüye kullanımını engellemeye yönelen bir fikir, bir fenomendir. Anayasal bir devlette siyasal
iktidar tahayyül edilebilecek en demokratik yöntemlerle oluşmuş olsa bile mutlak olmayıp belirli
birtakım kurumsal mekanizma ve ilkeler ile kayıt altına alınmış, yani sınırlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte
çağdaş rejimlerin meşruiyetini imleyen iki ilke, demokrasi ile anayasalcılık arasında bir gerilim
olduğu yönünde uzun yıllardır süregelen bir tartışma söz konusudur. Siyaset ile hukuk, kurucu
iktidar ile anayasal form ve anayasalcılık ile demokrasi arasındaki ilişkilerin bir çatışma ya da
uzlaşmazlık ilişkisi olarak yorumlanabilirliğine gönderme yapan “anayasalcılık paradoksu”
elinizdeki çalışma kapsamında irdelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, bir anayasal formun demokratik
biçimde teşekkül eden başta yasama organı olmak üzere, devlet iktidarının tüm bileşenleri karşısında
sınırlayıcı bir işlev arz etmesi ile halk/millet egemenliği düşüncesinin ne ölçüde bağdaştığı
tartışılmaktadır. Nihayetinde demokrasi ile anayasalcılık ilkelerinin birbirine rağmen değil, birlikte
düşünülebilirliğinin koşulları değerlendirilmektedir. Demokrasi ile anayasalcılık arasındaki
uzlaşmazlığın birinin diğerine tercih edilmesi suretiyle giderilmesinden ziyade anayasal
demokrasinin garantörü olan anayasanın bizzat demokratik meşruiyetinin güçlendirilmesi sayesinde
aşılabileceği ileri sürülmektedir. İdeolojik ve temel toplumsal tercihleri, siyasal rejimin temel
niteliklerini ve siyasal iktidarın sınırlarını belirleyen potansiyeli nedeniyle anayasanın müzakere ve
katılıma dayalı bir yöntemle hazırlanması bir gereklilik olarak ortaya konulmaktadır
Evaluation of some fuel properties of biopellets obtained from various agricultural wastes
No full textFosil yakıtlar enerji ihtiyacının sağlanmasında, ucuz, yaygın kullanılması, çok iyi bilinen bir teknolojisi olması ve enerji yoğunluğunun yüksek olması gibi nedenlerle çevreye zarar vermesine rağmen uzun yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sera atıkları peleti, odunsu atık peleti, çam peleti, çam+mdf peleti, ayçiçeği kabuğu peleti, fındık küspesi peleti ve kavak+kozalak peleti olmak üzere biyopeletlerin üst ısıl değeri, kısa analiz ve kimyasal analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları ISO 17225-6, ONORM M 7135, DIN, ITEBE, SS 18 71 70, Pelet Yakıt Enstitüsü, CTI-R 04/5, PFI, CAN, EN İle karşılaştırılarak standartlara en uygun pelet türleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca üst ısıl değeri kısa analiz ve kimyasal analizlerine göre biyokütle için kullanılan üst ısıl değeri veren matematiksel modellere uygunluğu belirlenmiştir. Kısa analiz ve elementel analiz için yedi farklı eşitlik kullanılmış olup; E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6 ve E7 biyokütlenin kül, uçucu madde ve sabit karbon içeriklerini dikkate alarak üst ısıl değeri tahmin etmek için kullanılmıştır. Karbon, hidrojen, azot ve kükürt gibi kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre E8, E9, E10, E11, E12, E13 ve E14 modelleri üst ısıl değeri tahmin etmek için kullanılmıştır. Deneysel olarak belirlenen üst ısıl değerler (ÜID) ile en uyumlu olan kısa analiz sonuçlarından hesaplanan ÜID denkleminin E4 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu denklemlere göre biyopeletin ısıl değerini uçucu madde ve sabit karbon miktarı etkilemiştir. Deneysel olarak belirlenen ÜID ile en uyumlu olan elementel analiz sonuçlarından hesaplanan ÜID denklemi sadece karbon miktarına bağlı basit bir denklem olan E8'dir. Kısa analiz ve elementel analiz modelleri için sırası ile en iyi R 2 değerleri 0.8721 ve 0.7234'dir
Atomization and combustion behavior of nanofuel droplets containing perovskite-type nanoparticles
Full text linkMetal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are promising agents for reducing energy consumption and pollution in applications where combustion power generation is provided. This study focuses on the production of new generation perovskite-type metal oxide NPs with enhanced catalytic activity customized for combustion and investigation of their catalytic performance for gasoline. The droplet scale combustion experiments were carried out at ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure and under normal gravity, the experimental processes were recorded with an optical system consisting of a high-speed camera and a thermal camera with a spectral range of 7.5–14 μm, and the combustion and atomization behavior of the nanofuel droplets were characterized. Perovskite-type NPs were produced by sol-gel technique in varying stoichiometric ratios (LaMnO3, La1- XNdXMnO3, La1-XBaXMnO3, Nd1-XBaXMnO3, La0.5NdXBa0.5-XMnO3, x = 0, 0.3) to confirm their catalytic activity’s effect on gasoline droplets’ combustion behavior. Structural characterization of the obtained five different NPs was carried out by SEM and XRD techniques. Chemical analysis, surface area measurements, and spectral properties of the samples were determined by XPS, BET, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that all perovskite-type NPs have particle size range of 25–40 nm. La0.7Nd0.3MnO3 NPs had the highest
oxygen adsorption ability and La0.5Nd0.3Ba0.2MnO3 NPs had the largest surface area (393.4898 m2
/g). Perovskite type NPs tended to increase ignition delay and extinction times. The maximum flame temperature of fuel droplets loaded with La0.5Nd0.3Ba0.2MnO3 NPs was 469 ◦C. This temperature was 274 ◦C higher than the maximum flame temperature of the pure gasoline droplet. The outcomes demonstrated that, with the right catalyst design, perovskite-type NPs can perform better as powerful oxidizers and high energy combustion catalysts.Q1WOS:0010844866000012-s2.0-8517239223