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Qualitative and Nutritional Evaluation of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) Meat Production
No full textPolyodon spathula is a valuable species of sturgeon native to North America that has acclimatized very well in Europe. Detailed knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative productive performance of paddlefish meat is of interest. Through this article, we aimed to highlight the chemical composition, cholesterol, and collagen content of fillets issued from paddlefish aged two and three summers and to highlight, as well as the nutritional value, the profile of fatty acids and amino acids, the sanogenic indices and the biological value of proteins for the epaxial and hypaxial muscle groups. The chemical analysis of the fillets by age indicated slightly higher values in summer three, compared to summer two: +5.32% dry matter, +0.89% protein, +41.21% fat, therefore +10.94% gross energy and for collagen by 2.94%; instead, for water, minerals and the W/P ratio the values were lower by 1.52%, 10.08%, and 2.29%. The nutritional assessment revealed that paddlefish has a meat with high PUFA content (approx. 22% of total fatty acids) and good values of sanogenic indices (Polyunsaturation Index = 7.01–8.77; Atherogenic Index = 0.57; Thrombogenic Index = 0.38–0.39; Hypocholesterolemic Fatty Acids = 33.01–41.34; Hypocholesteromic/Hypercolesteromic Fatty Acids ratio = 1.9). Also, the proteins of these fish are of good quality for young and adult consumers (EAA index = 156.11; Biological Value = 158.46; Nutritional Index (%) = 28.30) and good enough for children (Essential Amino Acids Index = 96.41; Biological Value = 93.39; Nutritional Index (%) = 17.45)
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of European Catfish (Silurus glanis) Flesh
No full textQuantitative and qualitative flesh production in the Silurus glanis species was comparatively studied between two fish groups: one from aquaculture (AG) and the other from a natural environment, the Prut River (RG). Morphometry was carried out on the fish, and then biometric and conformational indices were calculated. Better values were found in the aquaculture catfish. The Fulton coefficient was 0.82 in the Prut River fish and 0.91% in the farmed ones. The fleshy index reached 19.58% in the AG fish and 20.79% in the RG fish, suggesting better productive capabilities in the AG fish. Postslaughter, the flesh yield and its quality were assessed at different moments throughout the refrigeration period (0–15 days), and chemical compound loss occurred. In the AG samples, the water content decreased by 8.87%, proteins by 27.66%, and lipids by 29.58%. For the RG samples, the loss reached 8.59% in water, 25.16% in proteins, and 29%in lipids. By studying the fatty acids profile and sanogenic indices, good levels of PUFA (31–35%) were found, and the atherogenic index reached 0.35–0.41 while the thrombogenic index ranged between 0.22 and 0.27. Consequently, it can be stated that fish origin and especially the refrigeration period influence the flesh proximate composition and nutritional value of European catfish
The biochemical composition of some annual fabaceae species and their potential application in Moldova
No full textThe research and exploitation of the agrobiological potential of the local Fabaceae species that are adapted to the soil
and climatic conditions becomes more and more relevant. The annual leguminous species Lathyrus sativus, Pisum
sativum arvense, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Vicia hirsuta and Vicia sativa grown in monoculture in an experimental
sector in the NBGI Chişinău, served as objects of study. The research results revealed that the dry matter of the
harvested whole plants contained 142-251 g/kg CP, 251-377 g/kg CF, 89-124 g/kg ash, 254-390 g/kg ADF, 416-598
g/kg NDF, 34-65 g/kg ADL, 220-327 g/kg Cel, 155-206 g/kg HC, 64-160 g/kg TSS with nutritive and energy value
62.2-85.1% DMD, 59.3-80.1% DOM, RFV=91-151, 9.51-11.09 MJ/kg ME and 5.53-7.10 MJ/kg NEl. The biochemical
composition, nutritive and energy value of the prepared hay: 131-164 g/kg CP, 244-418 g/kg CF, 50-135 g/kg ash, 294-
436 g/kg ADF, 475-645 g/kg NDF, 36-76 g/kg ADL, 258-360 g/kg Cel, 165-209 g/kg HC, 6-70 g/kg TSS, 53.1-74.5%
DMD, 51.6-68.4% DOM, RFV=85-129, 9.00-10.63 MJ/kg ME and 5.00-6.65 MJ/kg NEl. The green mass substrates for
anaerobic digestion have C/N= 11.8-22.3, with biochemical methane potential 305-378 l/kg. The biomass harvested
from the studied annual leguminous species can be used as fodder for animals or as co-substrates in biogas plants for
the production of biomethane as a renewable energy source
The influence of E.A.F.R.D. on the access infrastructure of a town in the North-east region and on the economic sector in its vicinity
Get PDFThe paper aims to emphasize the influence of an 996,027 Euros investment from non-reimbursable European
Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (E.A.F.R.D.) grants on a local community and the local economic
environment. The working methodology consisted in the analysis of the documents that were the basis of the financing,
including budgets and specific documentation. Data from the reports published by the Rural Investments Financing
Agency under Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development were also used. The EU's rural development policy,
aligned with the Common Agricultural Policy, aims to achieve three long-term strategic objectives: stimulating the
competitiveness of agriculture; guaranteeing a sustainable management of natural resources and combating climate
change favouring a balanced territorial development of rural communities, especially by supporting local economies
and creating and maintaining jobs. Through this investment, it was proposed to modernize a network of agricultural
exploitation roads with a total length of 11,349 m that serves an agricultural area of 1,178 ha, on the territory of the
town that is the beneficiary of the financing. The number of modernized road sectors was 21. By implementing the
project, access to a number of 11 economic agents from the agricultural field was facilitated and ensured, and 7 nonagricultural economic agents became directly accessible
Studies on some still wines obtained by the blanc de noirs method
No full textConsumer interest in innovative wines has increased in recent years in Romania, in correlation with the development of the wine sector. Nowadays, the winemaking technique proposed by Dom Perignon (blanc de noirs) with applicability to sparkling wines is increasingly used to obtain still wines. This research aimed to identify the most suitable technology for obtaining white wines from Fetească neagră and Busuioacă de Bohotin grapes. The resulting wines were analysed from physical-chemical and chromatic points of view, and their sensory properties and volatile compounds content were also registered. The obtained samples had characteristics usually found in wines obtained from white grape varieties. Although frequently used in the production of base wine for sparkling wines, this technique can give original results in obtaining still wines as well. The use of activated carbon has led to the production of wines with a higher commercial value (improved colour characteristics). Given that red wines are significantly less consumed compared to white ones, this technique allows the use of black grape varieties and the production of innovative white wines
Comparative study between abc method and the traditional method of calculating the production cost
No full textThis article aims to highlight how to calculate production cost using the Activity- Based Costing method (ABC), but
also the traditional calculation method, to determine their advantages and disadvantages. These two calculation methods
aim to determine the final production cost, but the approaches differ from one methods to another. The study is based
on scientific research procedures, such as observation methods, economic analysis, case study and descriptive methods.
The cost prices for the wine will be calculated, following all the steps from the two cost calculation methods. The
differences and similarities between these two cost calculation methods will be presented through a case study at
Research- Development Station for viticulture and winemaking Iasi. The use of the Activity- Based Costing method
ensures a more correct allocation of indirect costs, allowing a better analysis of the elements that generated the costs, on
the other hand, the traditional method of calculation costs requires amore simplistic approach, as it is not possible to
analyze all cost-generating elements
Assessment of the Immune Response of Clinically Infected Calves to Cryptosporidium parvum Infection
Get PDFCryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) infection is one of the main causes of diarrhea in calves. The current study assessed the role of blood biomarkers (acute-phase proteins (APPs), procalcitonin, neopterin, cytokines, and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of calves naturally infected with C. parvum. Fifty-seven calves, aged from 10 to 45 days, were detected positive for C. parvum and were allotted into the diseased group; twenty healthy calves were selected as a control group. Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, cytokines, neopterin, procalcitonin, and stress biomarkers were tested in the diseased and healthy groups. The serum levels of APPs, cytokines, neopterin, procalcitonin, and malondialdehyde increased, whereas antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in diseased calves compared to the healthy group. Moreover, all examined biomarkers were significantly altered towards normal values in infected calves following different treatment protocols. All biomarkers examined were highly effective in discriminating between C. parvum-infected calves and healthy individuals. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) showed that all tested parameters had a higher degree of prognostic accuracy in predicting the treatment response of calves naturally infected with C. parvum. Our data suggest the usefulness of the examined biomarkers in the immune pathogenesis of the C. parvum infection in calves, contributing to diagnosis and treatment efficacy
Studiu asupra conţinutului în pigmenţi fotosintetici la unele soiuri de viţă de vie pentru struguri de masă sub influenţa aplicării substanţelor cu rol biostimulator
Get PDFAssimilatory photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) have an important role in plant growth, in the processes of photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction and fruiting, the variation of these parameters being an indicator of the growth or damage of the leaf apparatus.This study aimes to establish the influence of the application of substances with a biostimulating role on the content of chlorophyll pigments in the leaves of the vine varieties 'Paula', 'Aromat de Iaşi', and 'Chasselas doré'. The treatments were carried out with two organic vine fertilization products, applied in three concentrations 'Ecklomar'® (3.5 L/ha-V1, 4.5 L/ha-V2, 5.5 L/ha -V3) and 'Kaishi'® (2.5 L/ha-V1, 3.5 L/ha-V2, 4.5 L/ha-V3) in different growth phenophases. Following the study were identified differences between the experimental variants in carotenoid content. The highest values were observed on Paula variety with 'Ecklomar'® treatments
Effect of yeast assimilable nitrogen content on fermentation kinetics, wine chemical composition and sensory character in the production of Assyrtiko wines
Get PDFTwo wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains (Sa and Sb) were tested for white wine
production using Assyrtiko grape of Santorini. A third commercial Saccharomyces strain was also
studied for comparison reasons. Two concentrations of yeast extract and diammonium phosphate
(DAP) were added to the must (150 and 250 mg/L) in order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen content
on the final wine quality. Analytical methods (HPLC, GC-MS) and sensory analysis were employed
to assess the quality of the wines. Fermentation kinetics were monitored throughout the experiment.
By the second day of fermentation, all strains showed an approximate consumption of 70% of amino
acids. Differences among strains were observed regarding inorganic nitrogen requirements. Sb
strain resulted in higher concentrations of higher alcohols (1.9-fold) and ketones (5.6-fold) and lower
concentrations of esters (1.2-fold) compared to the control, while Sa strain resulted in higher content
of fatty acids (2.1-fold). Both indigenous strains scored better results in aroma quality, body and
acidity compared to control. The overall evaluation of the data highlights the great potential of the
indigenous S. cerevisiae strains as fermentation starters providing promising results in the sector of
terroir wines
Optimizarea și modelarea biosorbției Cr (VI) din soluție apoasă pe biosorbent- lignină din iarbă Sarkanda
Get PDFThe negativ impact induced by the presence of heavy metals in the environment and on the health of living organisms is accentuated by their long-term persistence, as a result of their low solubility and mobility and in close connection with the sorption and complexation processes. In this study, the bioadsorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution onto unmodified Sarkanda Grass lignin was analyzed. Cr (VI) retention was tested at different experimental parameters (pH of initial solution and biosorbent, biosorbent dosage, aqueous solution concentration and contact time), in order to obtain optimal experimental conditions. The experimental results have been interpreted using the classic Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models, as well as two kinetic models (the Lagergren pseudo-first order and the Ho-McKay pseudo-second order models). The experimental data recommend the unmodified Sarkanda Grass lignin as an efficience biosorbent in the retention of chromium ions from aqueous solution, both in terms of the amount of biosorbent and pollutant species retained, as well as in terms of adsorption time