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Staphylococcus species involved in pet abscesses diseases
Get PDFCurrent research is important due to the frequency of cases caused by some pathologies of abscesses recorded in pets.
During these researches, microbiological analyzes were taken from various abscesses of canines and cats by assessing
the virulence and prevalence of the identified bacterial microflora species. Microbiological laboratory investigations of
abscesses of different origins revealed the presence of a bacterial microflora consisting of the prevalent species
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in all investigated samples. S.aureus and S.epidermidis strains
isolated from various areas of body pathological abscesses in pets revealed significant bacterioscopic and
bacteriological microbiological values in the abscesses of the mandible, paw, ears and oral cavity demonstrating
phenotypic mechanisms of aggression
Endocannabinoid Modulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: In Pursuit of Certainty
No full textNeurodegenerative diseases are an increasing cause of global morbidity and mortality. They occur in the central nervous system (CNS) and lead to functional and mental impairment due to loss of neurons. Recent evidence highlights the link between neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases of the CNS. These are typically associated with several neurological disorders. These diseases have fundamental differences regarding their underlying physiology and clinical manifestations, although there are aspects that overlap. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is comprised of receptors (type-1 (CB1R) and type-2 (CB2R) cannabinoid-receptors, as well as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)), endogenous ligands and enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids (ECBs). Recent studies revealed the involvement of the ECS in different pathological aspects of these neurodegenerative disorders. The present review will explore the roles of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) and pharmacological agents that modulate CBRs or ECS activity with reference to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Huntington’s Disease (HD) and multiple sclerosis (MS)
Diversification as an alternative strategy for sustainable farm development
No full textStructural changes in agriculture have drawn attention to new opportunities to use the farm's resources. In order to
support rural development, the agricultural policy makers have consistently promoted multifunctionality and
diversification of farms by encouraging new types of activities. Farmers get involved in diversification operations and
developed on-farm and off-farm activities for various reasons: to face the challenges of the agricultural context, to
obtain additional income, continuity of their agricultural activity, to improve their family's quality of life and to reduce
the risk of the unstable agricultural market environment. The decision regarding farm diversification depends on a series
of factors related to economic, geophysical and socio-demographic farm characteristics or to environmental
conservation strategies. The proximity to urban areas fosters the process of farm diversification and it also influences
the level of diversification. The sustainability of the farm involves not only economic, but also social and environmental
aspects, but most of the farmers are more interested in the economic and social performance and less in the ecological
performance. The main forms of farm diversification include: agritourism; non-traditional crops, livestock and
practices; added value to existing agricultural products; new marketing and distribution channels; consulting or
education service; conservation and restoration of historical buildings, equipment, artifacts from the farm
Medicinal plant growth in heavy metals contaminated soils: responses to metal stress and induced risks to human health
Get PDFAccelerating heavy metal pollution is a hot issue due to a continuous growth in consumerism
and increased activities in various global industries. Soil contamination with heavy metals
has resulted in their incorporation into the human food web via plant components. Accumulation
and amplification of heavy metals in human tissues through the consumption of medicinal plants
can have hazardous health outcomes. Therefore, in this critical review we aim to bring together
published information on this subject, with a special highlight on the knowledge gaps related to
heavy metal stress in medicinal plants, their responses, and human health related risks. In this
respect, this review outlines the key contamination sources of heavy metals in plants, as well as the
absorption, mobilization and translocation of metal ions in plant compartments, while considering
their respective mechanisms of detoxification. In addition, this literature review attempts to highlight
how stress and defensive strategies operate in plants, pointing out the main stressors, either biotic or
abiotic (e.g., heavy metals), and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stress answers. Finally,
in our research, we further aim to capture the risks caused by heavy metals in medicinal plants to
human health through the assessment of both a hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI)
Effects of hybrid polymeric material based on polycaprolactone on the environment
Get PDFPolymers are of great interest in areas such as agriculture, medicine and pharmacy, the food
and cosmetic industries, and the chemical and construction industries. However, many polymers are
nonbiodegradable and are not environmentally friendly. They are highly resistant to degradation and
therefore can lead to waste disposal problems. In recent years, the interest in the microbial degradation
of polymeric materials has grown due to the desire for less waste pollution in the environment. In
this study, the biodegradable polymer that was obtained by the ring-opening polymerization of
"-caprolactone (CL) using an aminopropyl-polydimethylsiloxane (APDMS) oligomer and the effects
of the polymer towards the growth and development of tomato plants (Lypercosium esculentum) were
investigated. The obtained product was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy,
and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, and the effects of this compound on the evolution
of tomato plants (Lypercosium esculentum) were studied. We also studied the biological stability of
the product by identifying some of the microorganisms that developed on the surface, given its
susceptibility to biodegradation
Occurrence of mycotoxins in different types of commercial dry dog food
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the presence and the level of contamination of the most important mycotoxins
(aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) in 6 samples of extruded dry dog food found on the
Romanian market. Analyses were performed by ELISA method using the test RIDASCREEN®. Although the
concentrations of mycotoxin in all samples proved to respect the European legislation, with regards to animal feed, the
analyses revealed a presence of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. These results revealed the need for
further investigation into the potential risk derivind from chronic exposure to low doses of different types of mycotoxins
that pet are currently exposed
Selectivity and efficacy of thifensulfuron-methyl with adjuvant and without in control of broadleaf weeds in winter wheat
No full textThe research was conducted in 2020-2021, in 3 different locations (Constanța, Călărași and Teleorman) and aimed to
evaluate the biological activity of the herbicide Thifensulfuron-methyl 75% WG with adjuvant and without in control of
broadleaf weeds in winter wheat. The experiments were placed in randomized blocks, in 4 repetitions with a plot area of
100 m2
. The floristic composition of the winter wheat fields studied has been diversified, being present: Amaranthus
retroflexus, Capsella bursa – pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Chenopodium album, Erigeron annuus, Fumaria officinalis,
Galium aparine, Lamium spp., Papaver rhoeas, Polygonum convolvulus, Sinapis arvensis, Stellaria media, Veronica
spp., Viola arvensis etc. Herbicides were applied in post-emergence when weeds were in the early stages of growth and
development. The herbicide Thifensulfuron-methyl 75% WG with adjuvant and without was applied at the doses of 20,
30 and 40 g/ha. The adjuvant (Trend 90 EC) was applied at 250 ml/ha. The assessments made at 10, 20 and 30 days
after treatments focused the density of weeds, the percentage of soil cover, selectivity and the effectiveness compared to
the untreated control. The results obtained showed that the efficacy depends on the dose applied, the type of weeds and
their density on square meter. The Thifensulfuron-methyl 75% WG ensured a good efficacy in controlling of broadleaf
weeds in winter wheat, the best results being obtained at the higher dose and when it was applied together with Trend
90 EC. Some weed species were insufficiently controlled at the dose of 20 g/ha: shepherd's purse, cleavers, blackbindweed, lamb's quarters etc
The impact of salinity stress on antioxidant response and bioactive compounds of Nepeta cataria L.
No full textIn this study, the ability of Nepeta cataria L. to grow and synthesize bioactive compounds on
soil treated with different salt concentrations was tested to evaluate the opportunity of cultivating
it in soils affected by salinization. N. cataria L. was grown in soil containing specific amounts of
NaCl, Na2SO4, and their mixture. After harvesting, the plants were analyzed from the morphological
and physiological point of view. Salinity stress inhibited the growth, with the highest decrease of
the plant yield up to about 70% in the case of salt mixture, and smaller values for the separate salt
treatments. In the same time, as a defense mechanism, there was an increase of granular trichomes’
density, as observed with the scanning electron microscope. For mild concentrations of salt, the
amount of chlorophyll pigments was enhanced, while for stronger salinity stress, it decreased. The
opposite behavior was evidenced for the polyphenol content, as antioxidant activity was used as a
protective mechanism against reactive oxygen species produced under salinity stress. The antioxidant
activity was considerably higher for separate NaCl and Na2SO4 treatments than for the salt mixture
variants. The results showed that the species Nepeta cataria L. reacts well to high salinity levels, with
an increased content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity even for the highest studied
salinity conditions
Potential valorisation of Protobind 1000 as adsorbent for Pb2+ AND Zn2+
No full textThe adsorption of metal ions from increasing concentrations in aqueous solutions by modified straw lignin Protobind 1000 was studied. The effect of metallic ion concentrations (from 20.72 to 207.2 mg·L-1 for Pb2+ and from 6.538 to 65.38 mg·L-1 for Zn2+) and contact time (30, 60 and 90 minutes) were studied at pH = 6 and 200C. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations were applied to assess equilibrium data and the kinetics of the adsorption processes were analysed using Lagergren pseudo first order and Ho&McKay pseudo second order models. The results show that the adsorption processes reached equilibrium after 90 minutes, but similar values were registered after 60 minutes. The Freundlich isotherm described the process better, denoting chemisorption with the formation of ion-lignin complex structures. The Ho&McKay model fit the adsorption data better with regression coefficients equal to 1 compared to the Lagergren model, where the regression factors varied between 0.72 and 0.95. For the maximum concentration of lead solution and the longest adsorption time of 90 minutes, the Ho&McKay model predicted an equilibrium capacity qe of 13.1406 mg·g-1 compared to the 13.1398 mg·g-1 obtained. For zinc adsorption, the same maximum concentration and time were considered, and the pseudo-second order model predicted a qe of 12.6743 mg·g-1 compared to the obtained value of 12.6714 mg·g-1.
The uptake of lead was greater on 0.15 g of adsorbent (a maximum of 27.23 mg·g-1) than the zinc uptake (a maximum of 8.28 mg·g-1), for all analysed concentrations
Potential of continuous electric current on biometrical, physiological and quality characteristics of organic tomato
Get PDFThe tomato is one of the most important species in the food sector. For farmers, the increase
in yield in greenhouse conditions by keeping a high quality of fruits represents a goal which is very
difficult to achieve in these conditions. Therefore, the present study evaluates the influence that a
continuous electric current might have on some biometrical, physiological and quality parameters of
tomato fruits. The study was carried out in a greenhouse where tomato plants belonging to Qualitet
F1 hybrid were treated with different continuous electric currents, under 5 DC sources, stabilized
by the laboratory 0–30 V/0–5 A. During the research, the tomato plants were exposed to different
electric current intensities or voltages on the plants or in the soil (T1-0.15 A; T2-0.30 A; T3-0.45 A;
T4-1.5 V; T5-1.5 V-soil). The tomato plant samples were compared with an untreated control. In
order to determine the influence of a continuous electric current, observations and determinations
were made on tomato plants and fruits. The results highlighted significant differences between the
treated and not treated plants, regarding the plant height, yield, firmness, acidity, total soluble solids,
antioxidant activity, crude and dietary fibres, tannins, oxalates, saponins, -amylase inhibitors, K, Mg,
Fe and Zn content. Depending on the intensity of the electric current and the manner of application,
the biometrical, physiological and quality parameters of tomato fruits were differently influenced.
Both positive and negative influences were registered. More experiments are needed in order to
establish a relation between the electric current intensity and the manner of application which can
lead to better and higher tomato yields and quality in greenhouse conditions