RIULS (Repository of Iași University of Life Sciences)
Not a member yet
5043 research outputs found
Sort by
Non-destructive methods of milk quality assessment
Get PDFMonitoring the quality of raw cow milk is essential to maintain food safety and human health. To guarantee the quality
and safety of milk, easy-to-use non-destructive analysis methods are available. Non-destructive methods have made
progress, being useful for obtaining quantitative and qualitative data, destroying the sample, and offering several
advantages, such as high sensitivity, adequate response time, and minimal sample preparation. Conventional methods
are laborious, destructive, toxic, and time-consuming, require fully equipped laboratories and skilled personnel,
extensive sample preparation, and are not suitable for real-time continuous monitoring of milk quality. The rapid
development of non-destructive methods for the evaluation of milk quality consists of applications based on imaging,
near-infrared spectroscopy, conductivity, biosensors, and ultrasound. This paper presents different non-destructive
methods applied to determine the physicochemical parameters of raw milk (fats, proteins, lactose, casein, dry matter,
acidity, density), the number of somatic cells, and the microbiological load
Prevalence of tick infestation in dogs from Iasi area (Romania)
Get PDFDogs and cats play an important role in the spread of tick species and in the transmission of pathogens. Dermacentor
reticulatus occurs in areas by varied types of climate, vegetation and a high availability of potential hosts, while Ixodes
ricinus follows a similar seasonal pattern each year. This study was carried out between 2017 and 2021, where we
examined 189 canine patients of different breeds, aged between 2 months and 18 years. We collected 435 ticks which
were placed individually according to the animal in eppendorf tubes in ethyl alcohol and numbered, until morphological
identification. The collected ticks were predominantly adults with different feeding status, belonging to the species: Ixodes
ricinus (41.6%), Dermacentor reticulatus (57.7%) and Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex (0.69%). Dermacentor
reticulatus was predominant, with two peaks of activity in spring and autumn. We also found 2 specimens of D. reticulatus
males, in January, outside the normal period of activity. The second species identified, Ixodes ricinus, shows three peaks
of activity, having the most intense period of activity in the spring months. The second peak is observed in summer, and
the third in autumn. The prevalence of the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex is low, of only 0.69% of the total
ticks collected from dogs.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tick infestations collected from canine
patients, in order to assess a possible change in the activity periods of the species
Evaluation of the implementation of eco-conditionality rules on support schemes and measures for farmers in the period 2018-2021
No full textThe present work starts from a real truth, namely that agriculture is an important factor of social stability with an essential
role in maintaining the ecological balance. The main purpose of the paper is to evaluate the implementation of the ecoconditionality rules on support schemes and measures for farmers in the period 2018-2021 and to optimize the crosscompliance system in the direct payments for farmers in Romania by finding the best model for the implementation of
the cross-compliance (ecoconditionalitate) rules in the period 2021-2027 that corresponds to the specific objectives of the
PAC and the economic interests of the farmers. The main objectives of the CAP are: increasing agricultural productivity,
guaranteeing a fair standard of living for the rural population, stabilizing agricultural product markets and guaranteeing
of food security for the population and farmers income. To accomplish this goal, the work aimed at the following study
objectives: Assess the implementation of the rules on cross compliance schemes and measures to support farmers in 2018-
2020, by analyzing the results for monitoring compliance and cross compliance penalties; Development of a simplified
model for implementation of cross compliance rules applicable to schemes and support measures for farmers in the period
2018-2020, based on a set of standards/requirements relevant and an effective administration and control for each area
subject to cross compliance. To achieve this goal, the work aims to develop a simplified model for the implementation of
the cross-compliance rules applicable to support schemes and measures for farmers in the period 2015-2020, based on a
set of relevant standards / requirements and an efficient administration and control system for each domain subjected to
cross-compliance
Assessment of Physicochemical and In Vivo Biological Properties of Polymeric Nanocapsules Based on Chitosan and Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-alt-itaconic anhydride)
No full textDrug delivery is an important field of nanomedicine, and its aim is to deliver specific active substances to a precise site of action in order to produce a desired pharmacological effect. In the present study nanocapsules were obtained by a process of interfacial condensation between chitosan (dissolved in the aqueous phase) and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-alt-itaconic anhydride), a highly reactive copolymer capable of easily opening the anhydride ring under the action of amine groups of chitosan. The formed amide bonds led to the formation of a hydrogel membrane. The morphology of the obtained nanocapsules, their behavior in aqueous solution of physiological pH, and their ability to encapsulate and release a model drug can be modulated by the parameters of the synthesis process, such as the molar ratio between functional groups of polymers and the ratio of the phases in which the polymers are solubilized. Although a priori both polymers are biocompatible, this paper reports the results of a very detailed in vivo study conducted on experimental animals which have received the obtained nanocapsules by three administration routes—intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and oral. The organs taken from the animals’ kidney, liver, spleen, and lung and analyzed histologically demonstrated the ability of nanocapsules to stimulate the monocytic macrophage system without producing inflammatory changes. Moreover, their in vivo behavior has been shown to depend not only on the route of administration but also on the interaction with the cells of the organs with which they come into contact. The results clearly argue the biocompatibility of nanocapsules and hence the possibility of their safe use in biomedical applications
Enological potential of native yeasts isolated from grapes in Iasi wine district, Romania
No full textSpontaneous alcoholic fermentation and the quality of a wines depends on the microbial communities present of the
grapes and the external physical variables. Grapevine cultivar, viticultural practices, macro- and microclimatic
conditions, and the vineyards geographic location all have an impact on the biological activities of fermenting
microorganisms which prevail on the surface of grape berries. The taste and organoleptic features of wines are heavily
influenced by the microbial communities present during grape must fermentation. The goal of this study was to isolate
and select yeast strains with good enological traits for use as regional starter cultures and, as a result, to generate wines
with specific sensory characteristics that can be connected to terroir of Iasi vineyards. After isolation and purification
from different grape varieties, in order to determine their ecologically important properties, 9 indigenous yeasts strains
were selected and have been tested in the laboratory for rate of fermentation, foam production, capacity to consume
sugars from must and alcoholic capacity. After the testing procedures (micro-fermentations at 25°C), 4 yeasts strains
(SCZ, SCH, CHC3 and GB3) were retained and could be used as future starters after further tests in large scale
fermentations, in order to optimize the fermentation processes and to obtain quality wines from Iaşi viticultural area
Intelligent device for detecting nuclear radiation using honey bees as biological living sensors
Get PDFThe intelligent detector for radioactive particles spread over large geographical areas refers to a method and a system
for real-time detection of the presence of radioactive particles in the environment, interconnecting the universe of bees
with their self-organizing capabilities as a carrier and transporter of radioactive particles with the universe of computers
which processes information on their presence and nature and sends alert messages in case of radioactive
contamination. It contains a local computer network with ionizing radiation sensors (GM and SiPM), a weather microstation
module used to estimate the direction of movement of radioactive particles, a GPS module used to obtain
information on the geographical location of the detector, a GSM module used to transmit alert messages in case of
radioactive danger, a photovoltaic power supply module used to ensure energy autonomy. Experimental system use
Layens beehives with 20 frames (440x340mm wide) and more than 70 000 bees and is located in the area of uranium
mining in Tulghes-Grinties, Neamt County. The Layens hive is for successful overwintering and rapid spring colony
buildup even in the cold climates in Romania. As environment bioindicator, bees are an excellent/robust sensor.
Computer network is based on Embedded Linux Machine with ARM processors
Effects of hybrid polymericmaterial based on polycaprolactone on the environment
Get PDFPolymers are of great interest in areas such as agriculture, medicine and pharmacy, the food
and cosmetic industries, and the chemical and construction industries. However, many polymers are
nonbiodegradable and are not environmentally friendly. They are highly resistant to degradation and
therefore can lead to waste disposal problems. In recent years, the interest in the microbial degradation
of polymeric materials has grown due to the desire for less waste pollution in the environment. In
this study, the biodegradable polymer that was obtained by the ring-opening polymerization of
"-caprolactone (CL) using an aminopropyl-polydimethylsiloxane (APDMS) oligomer and the effects
of the polymer towards the growth and development of tomato plants (Lypercosium esculentum) were
investigated. The obtained product was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy,
and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, and the effects of this compound on the evolution
of tomato plants (Lypercosium esculentum) were studied. We also studied the biological stability of
the product by identifying some of the microorganisms that developed on the surface, given its
susceptibility to biodegradation
The evolution of some pathogens and broomrape parasite attack and virulence, in sunflower crop, in Dobrogea area, Romania
No full textSunflower diseases represent one of the most serious constraints in sunflower crop in Romania. Dobrogea region has
around 24% of the area cultivated with sunflower in Romania. The pathogens attack is frequently severe and yield
losses can reach up to 50 – 70 %. In the last years, climate change has an influence on the development of the
pathogens, also on the host/pathogens interaction. Some changes occur between pathogenic races, some pathogens
increase their attack, according with their thermal preferences Our studies have demonstrated that some of the most
important pathogens in sunflower have changed their behavior in different climatic conditions. Some pathogens
(Macrophomina phaseolina, Puccinia helianthi) which in the past did not attack too much this crop, in Romania, are
present in some cultivated areas with sunflower, in Dobrogea, in the last three years. Also, the pathogen Plasmopara
halstedii has developed more virulent races, during the last period. The parasite broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.)
has also developed new and more virulent races, comparing with those present four years ago, especially in Constanta
area
Recent progress in monoecious hemp variety for seed, obtained in Romania
Get PDFIndustrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a multifunctional crop that can be processed to obtain many different
products like food, feed, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, recyclable and compostable biomaterials, energy, while
having a positive effect on the environment. As the world market for industrial hemp seeds and oil is on rise,
research has been carried out in the climatic conditions of Central Moldova in order to obtain a new genotype
of monoecious hemp in accordance with the requirements of the European market and beyond. Olivia is a new
monoecious hemp variety for seed, created at Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni Neamț,
being homologated in 2020. It was patented in 2021 and is registered in the Official European Catalog of
Varieties. It was obtained by repeated hybridization (dioecious form Chi65 - female partner and monoecious
form Z59 - male partner), isolation in space and repeated selection. This new variety is characterized by stems
with a length of 2.6-3.2 m. The yield is of 9.5-11.0 tha-1 of stems and 1600-2000 kgha-1
of seed
Trandafirii englezești – o alegere perfectă pentru decorul grădinii
No full textOut of the multitude of rose varieties that we are enjoying today, English roses stand out not only for the diversity of their shapes but especially for their delicate and highly fragrant flowers. They combine the graceful style of old 19th-century roses with brightly coloured petals and the elegance of modern varieties. Most of them bloom repeatedly and abundantly, being appreciated by those who love the nostalgic timeless look of old-fashioned roses. English roses are very versatile, having been created to be adaptable to a wide range of plant compositions, in which, the abundance of flowers and their intense fragrance have a remarkable impact. This paper analyses the behaviour of several varieties of English roses for their appropriate use in various landscaping arrangements