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Combaterea biologică a unor agenți de dăunare la cultura de pepeni galbeni din spații protejate
Get PDFThe cultivation of melons occupies an important area worldwide, the main cultivating countries being China, Turkey, Iran, India and Egypt. In Europe, Romania ranks 4th in terms of area after Spain, Italy and France. Foliar diseases of melons have a negative impact on fruit production and quality. This experiment aimed to study the efficacy of some biological plant protection products for the control of mites (Tetranychus urticae) and powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) on melons crops in greenhouse. The bifactorial experiment includes 7 variants, 3 biological products used to control mites: Flipper (potassium salts of C7-C20 fatty acids) 16 l / ha, Requiem prime (mixture of terpenoids QRD 460) 10 l / ha and Canelys (cinnamon extract) 0.3% and 2 biological fungicides for powdery mildew: Taegro (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24) 0.37 kg / ha, Sonata (Bacillus pumilus strain QST 2808) 10 l / ha, 6 foliar applications. The Flipper product 16 l / ha had a very high efficacy of over 90% in the control of the mite Tetranychus urticae, in all 3 stages: eggs, nymphs and adults. The products Taegro 0.37kg / ha and Sonata 10 l / ha had an efficacy between 73.6 and 99.9% in powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) control. It is recommended to use the biological products Flipper 16 l / ha, Requiem prime 10 l / ha in the control of the mite (Tetranychus urtice) and Taegro 0.37kg / ha and Sonata 10 l / ha for powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea)
Research on the evolution of the land use categories and erosion control works on sloping agricultural lands in Izvoru Berheciului catchment (Tutovei Hills)
No full textStrategies for the Diagnosis of Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in Two Naturally Infected Dogs
Get PDFThis study describes granulocytic anaplasmosis in two dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The 3-year-old dogs (male and female) came from the same household and were referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Iasi for blood donation. They were subject to standard routine tests: haematology blood test, blood smear, and serological tests (VETSCAN® FLEX4 and IDEXX SNAP 4Dx Plus). The female dog had no medical problems, while the male dog experienced joint pain. The blood smear was negative for tick-borne pathogens, and the haematology findings indicated thrombocytopenia in both dogs, with the male dog also displaying eosinophilia. The two dogs were mildly positive in the ELISA tests for the detection of Anaplasma spp. antibodies; therefore, the blood samples were tested using the qRT-PCR method for Anaplasma platys and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The qRT-PCR result was negative for A. platys, but it was positive for A. phagocytophilum. The treatment consisted of the administration of doxycycline for 28 days. In conclusion, the high number of cases with non-specific clinical signs, the different sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic serological tests, as well as the possibility of confusing the morula during the cytological examination, make the molecular test mandatory for precise diagnosis
Salinity Stress Influences the Main Biochemical Parameters of Nepeta racemosa Lam.
No full textIn this work, the effects of salt stress on Nepeta racemosa Lam. were studied to analyze the possibility of using it as a potential culture for salinity-affected soils. A total of nine concentrations of salts—NaCl (18, 39, and 60 mg/100 g soil), Na2SO4 (50, 85, and 120 mg/100 g soil), and a mixture (9 g NaCl + 25 g Na2SO4, 19 g NaCl + 43 g Na2SO4, and 30 g NaCl + 60 g Na2SO4/100 g soil)—simulated real salinity conditions. Environmental electron microscopy offered information about the size and distribution of glandular trichomes, which are very important structures that contain bioactive compounds. The chlorophyll pigments, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were determined based on spectrophotometric protocols. The results have shown a different impact of salinity depending on the salt type, with an increase in bioactive compound concentrations in some cases. The highest polyphenol concentrations were obtained for Na2SO4 variants (47.05 and 46.48 mg GA/g dw for the highest salt concentration in the first and second year, respectively), while the highest flavonoid content was found for the salt mixtures (42.77 and 39.89 mg QE/g dw for the highest concentrations of salt in the first and, respectively, the second year), approximately 100% higher than control. From the Pearson analysis, strong correlations were found between chlorophyll pigments (up to 0.93), antioxidant activity and yield for the first harvest (up to 0.38), and antioxidant activity and flavonoid content for the second harvest (up to 0.95). The results indicate the possibility of growing the studied plants in salt-stress soils, obtaining higher concentrations of bioactive compounds
Light modulated phenolic synthesis in Chenopodium quinoa microgreens as a potential biotechnological tool
No full textChenopodium quinoa microgreens are a culinary product that, as well as other species, is rich in bioactive, health promoting compounds. The present paper shows that light spectrum alone can be used as a convenient tool for enhancing phenolic synthesis in quinoa plantlets. The methods used involved pot growth of quinoa plantlets and irradiation with a 16 : 8 photoperiod of either full spectrum (white) or a combination of blue:red:UV wavelengths and morphometric and biochemical assessments. Results shows that, while full spectrum light is more suitable for biomass accumulation, modulated light spectrum can be used for increases in the amount of phenolic compounds. Further optimization of light spectrum modulation can lead to economically higher value microgreens, with positive outcomes for both horticultural biotechnology but also for the consumer
Preliminary results regarding the attack produced by the species Diabrotica virgifera virgifera le conte on maize, depending on the chemical treatment applied to the soil, in the conditions of Central Moldova
No full textThe species Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conte (western corn rootworm) belongs to the order Coleoptera, family
Chrysomelidae. It originates from North America and entered in Europe in 1992, in Yugoslavia. It entered in Romania
in 1996, when three specimens were recorded in Nădlac (Arad county), and since then the range of the pest has
continuously expanded (Manole, 2017). To reduce the spread of this pest, it is recommended to avoid monoculture and
practice rotation. It can reduce the root attack to a minimum level, the larvae not being able to survive in soils cultivated
with other plants (Ciobanu, 2009). The most common strategies used to protect maize roots against the pest Diabrotica
virgifera virgifera are the application of an insecticide to the soil at seeding and the use of an insecticide in the seed
treatment (Sutter et al., 1990). The average number of larvae per plant varied from 1 to 5, the fewest larvae being
recorded in the variant where the granular insecticide Force G was applied to the soil at a dose of 15 kg/ha. The
frequency of swan neck ranged from 0% to 58%. The attack produced by adults on the leaf recorded frequencies
between 32% and 66%, and on maize silk, the attack was 100%. The average number of adults per plant was between 9
and 10
Effect of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) on Duodenal Structure in Broiler Chickens
Get PDFSupplementation of feed with turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been shown to be beneficial in poultry farming. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of turmeric on the duodenal structure of broiler chickens during the first 42 days of life. A control and three treatment groups (turmeric powder added to feed at the following doses: E1 - 5; E2 - 10; E3 - 20 g/kg feed) were constituted (n = 8). Addition of turmeric powder in the feed resulted in an increase in intestinal villi height and a decrease in crypts depth in case of groups E1 and E2, while the villus height to crypt depth ratio generally did not differ significantly from the control. Turmeric also influenced the histological structure of the duodenum, as well as the presence of IL-6 and TNFα, as evidenced through staining. Addition of 0.5 and 1 % turmeric powder in the feed had evident results on body weight gain
Quaternized chitosan/chitosan nanofibrous mats: An approach toward bioactive materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
No full textChitosan based nanofibers are emerging biomaterials with a plethora of applications, especially in medicine and healthcare. Herein, binary quaternized chitosan/chitosan fibers are reported for the first time. Their preparation strategy consisted in the electrospinning of ternary chitosan/quaternized chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) solutions followed by the selective removal of poly(ethylene oxide). Their morphology and performances were systematically investigated and discussed in detail. It was found that the fibers had reversible water vapor adsorption/desorption and showed swelling degrees similar to commercial wound dressings. They presented good mechanical properties and the content of quaternized chitosan modulated their bioadhesion, mucoadhesion and biodegradation rate and conferred them strong antimicrobial activity. Tests on normal human fibroblasts confirmed their safely use in contact with tissues and the biocompatibility investigation on rats showed no harmful effect when subcutaneous implanted. All these proved the binary quaternized chitosan/chitosan fibers as bioactive materials suitable for tissue regeneration, wound healing and drug delivery systems
The influence of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty permanent meadow
No full textBiodiversity conservation is essential in the fight against climate change. Nothing can reduce global warming or the
effects of climate change better than healthy ecosystems. And grasslands have a key role in maintaining the balance of
ecosystems because many species live here or are linked to them. The application of organic and mineral fertilizers for
extended period of time has determined a high biodiversity of the investigated grassland. The objective of this study
was to determine the effect of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty
permanent meadow in the Moldovian forest-steppe. The experience field was organized on a permanent grassland of
Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty in Andrieşeni locality Iaşi, county framed between the parallels 47°30' 45.2” N
and 27°15' 42.0” E. The experimental factors were represented by the harvesting phenophase with three graduations: a1-
harvesting at plants height of 15-18 cm, a2-harvesting at the ear formation (control), a3-harvesting to full flowering and
fertilization with seven graduations: b1- unfertilized (control), b2- N50P50 kg/ha-1 annually, b3- N75P75 kg/ha-1 annually.
b4- N100P100 kg/ha-1 annually, b5-10 Mg·ha-1 sheep manure annually, b6-20 Mg·ha-1 sheep manure annually and b7- 30
Mg·ha
-1 applied at two years. The study shows that the applied fertilizers influenced the floristic composition, producing
appreciable, quantitative and qualitative changes in the plant cover. The number of species, as well as the variation of
the Shannon diversity index, were largely influenced by the amount of mineral N, the amount of manure, but also by the
climatic conditions of the experimental period
Analysis of Poincaré plot derived from 5-min electrocardiography in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
No full textBackground: Evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV) is used for risk assessment in a variety of cardiac diseases including myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD).Objectives: To compare the geometric analysis of HRV using visual patterns of Poincaré plot among different classes of MMVD in dogs and to analyse the differences in beat-to-beat variability using tachograms and sequential Poincaré plots among different shapes.Animals and methods: Healthy and MMVD dogs were retrospectively reviewed. Five-minute ECG data was used to create Poincaré plots and shapes were compared among groups. Furthermore, a sub-analysis of 50 consecutive R–R intervals was performed. Pearson Chi-square with adjusted standardized residuals was used to compare the categorical data between groups.Results: Fifteen healthy dogs and 157 dogs with MMVD were included in the study. Normal and B1 groups showed a predominance of triangular shape (73% and 60% respectively; p < 0.05). In B2 group the predominant shape was comet (40%; p < 0.05) while comet and torpedo were predominant in Ca group (41% and 36% respectively; p < 0.05). Visual geometric analysis revealed a lower dispersion of the cloud clustering towards the left lower corner of the plot with MMVD progression. Diamond and triangle revealed a lower mean heart rate compared to comet and torpedo shapes (p < 0.01). Interclass correlation between 3 observers was 0.906 (95% CI of 0.8 − 0.96).Conclusions: Poincaré plot shape changes with MMVD progression suggesting that geometrical analysis of HRV in dogs with cardiac conditions could be a useful tool in the risk assessment and further studies are warranted