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Research regarding the resistance phenotypes of bacteria isolated from dogs with respiratory tract infections
Get PDFThe resistance phenotypes to animal pathogenic bacteria (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) are
increasing in frequency due to the use of antibiotic-based veterinary medicinal products in both in farm animals and
pets. The research aimed to establish phenotypically the antibiotic resistance in bacterial strains isolated from dogs with
various respiratory tract infections. Both susceptible Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolated strains had the
highest frequency to enrofloxacin (82.45% and 81.81%). Gram-positive resistant strains had the highest frequency
to penicillin G (70.18%), while Gram-negative strains had the highest frequency of resistance to lincomycin. The results
confirm the marked increase of resistance phenotypes in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains to a wide range
of antimicrobial substances, frequently used in the therapy of infectious diseases in dogs
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): A Review Focused on Occurrence and Incidence in Animal Feed and Cow Milk
No full textPersistent organic pollutants have particular ecotoxicological importance and they are amongst the most harmful groups of persistent pollutants. The complexity of persistent organic pollutants highlights the different sources of pollution from which they came and, depending on which, their profile could be characterized. In the first part of this review, the main characteristics of persistent organic pollutants were described, focusing on their complexity and toxic potential in relation to environmental elements. The second part of the review includes data related to the occurrence and incidence of persistent organic pollutants in different types of feed and cow’s milk, focusing on the characteristic profile of pollutants as an indicator of the sources of pollution. Moreover, a description regarding the timing and duration of the contamination of feed and milk was carried out, evaluating the distribution of pollutants within the analyzed samples and highlighting those whose presence is predominant or whose residues persist in the environment for long periods. The review concludes that the identification of pollution sources associated with different proportions of organic pollutants found in different samples could represent a suitable solution for biomonitoring the potential contamination in a geographical area
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists in Inflammation, Diabetes Mellitus, and Obesity
No full textRecently, research has greatly expanded the knowledge of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and its involvement in several therapeutic applications. Cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) are present in nearly every mammalian tissue, performing a vital role in different physiological processes (neuronal development, immune modulation, energy homeostasis). The ECS has an essential role in metabolic control and lipid signaling, making it a potential target for managing conditions such as obesity and diabetes. Its malfunction is closely linked to these pathological conditions. Additionally, the immunomodulatory function of the ECS presents a promising avenue for developing new treatments for various types of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Preclinical investigations using peripherally restricted CBR antagonists that do not cross the BBB have shown promise for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases, highlighting the importance of continuing efforts to discover novel molecules with superior safety profiles. The purpose of this review is to examine the roles of CB1R and CB2Rs, as well as their antagonists, in relation to the above-mentioned disorders
Haematological changes in canine parvovirus infection
Get PDFCanine parvovirus (CPV) infection is a highly contagious disease caused by canine parvovirus type 2 and commonly
produce acute gastrointestinal illness. All dogs are susceptible to CPV, although some dogs are at greater risk than
others, as puppies (between 6 weeks of age and 6 months), unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated dogs. Due to the
virus multiplication and effect on the bone marrow, severe haematological changes are reported, resulted also from the
combination of severe inflammation, gastrointestinal bleeding and depletion of hematopoietic cell lines. In the present
study, haematological changes in dogs diagnosed with CPV infection were analysed
The cumulative effect of some soil working systems on the quality status of agricultural lands from Ezăreni Farm
No full textExpression of collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase-1, -8, -13) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in naturally occurring bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas
Get PDFBovine cutaneous fibropapillomas are among the most common skin tumors in cattle; their etiology is associated with infection by bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types−1/-2 which are considered oncogenic. Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), especially collagenolysis, is a key event during a series of relevant physiological processes, including tissue remodeling and repair. Various types of proteins are implicated in the regulation of ECM degradation: among these, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent endoenzymes, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are known to play a major role. Previous studies reported that aberrant expression of collagenolytic MMPs (MMP-1/-8/-13) and unbalancing between MMPs and TIMPs represent a critical step in tumor growth and invasion; however, studies regarding this topic in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the collagenases MMP-1/-8/-13 and TIMP-3 in naturally occurring fibropapillomas harboring BPV-2 DNA and normal skin samples. Here, by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis, we demonstrated overexpression of MMP-8/-13 along with a down-regulation of MMP-1, associated with a decrease in TIMP-3 levels in tumor compared with normal skin samples. This is the first study describing MMP-1/-8/-13 and TIMP−3 expression in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas and our results suggest that an impaired expression of collagenases along with an imbalance between MMPs/TIMPs may contribute to an increased collagenolytic activity, which in turn could be important in ECM changes and tumors development
Aspects on economics and politics relationship
No full textThe relationship between politics and economic knowledge is highly debated. One general view states that economics
should be lacking of politics because of its corrupting effects, while another view conversely argue that politics can be
distorted by the impact of economic knowledge. Both views indicate that the solution is to eliminate the influence of
one over the other. The relationship between economics and politics can be discussed in two distinct but also
intertwined ways, demonstrating a classical and modern relationship. The first arises from the emergence of economic
science itself. Because of the natural relationship between economics and politics, economics has been called "political
economy." The second relationship between economics and politics is highly novel compared to the first and analyzes
politics using an economic method. However, both of the approaches mentioned above are in the context of the famous
phrase "political economy". Seen interdisciplinary, the potential relations between economics and politics are
emphesized
Stimulative feeding influence over milk production at Karakul of Botosani breed
No full textThe main objective of the research carried out, was to determine the impact due to additional feeding on the specific performance of milk production in Botoșani Karakul sheep breed. In order to achieve the main objective of the research, two groups of adult females between three and six years of age were formed. Both lots were maintained under similar conditions, applying a traditional technology based on feeding them from the stock during the cold season and on pasture during the warm season. The experimental treatment was represented by the fact that L2 benefited from additional feeding applied 25 days before the mating date. This batch received a 170 g amount each morning consisting of a mixture of cultivated cereals (ground corn, sunflower meal, barley and oat grains). Live weight and body condition evaluation at mating time indicates a 2.41 kg higher live weight at L2 but also an improvement in body condition by 0.31 points. For live weight, a significant difference between groups was obtained for P≤0.05. Regarding the milk production obtained from the females in relation to the BCS assigned to L1 the biggest difference was between BCS = 3.0 and BCS = 1.5 and in L2 between BCS = 2.5 and BCS = 1.5, both situations being significant for P<0.01
Observations of sexual behaviors in goats (Capra hircus) raised on non-professional farms
No full textThis study focuses on monitoring the sexual behaviours of male and female goats (Capra hircus) at each stage of mounting and observing sexual reflexes and related peculiarities. The ethological behaviours of females and males were observed twice per day, between 6:00 and 8:00 a.m. and between 19:00 and 21:00 p.m, and the anatomical parts of females in estrus were inspected and scanned. Each mount was recorded using a video camera. A digital timer was also used to record the stages of sexual act (prelude and copulation). The sexual behaviours of a common breed of goats reared in non-professional holdings was studied in August, September and October 2020 and 2021. Sexual behaviour was observed in a total of 24 goats, 5 males, aged 3–8 years, and 19 females, aged 1–10 years, raised in a rural area (Priponesti) in Galati County. The data gathered provide details of the sexual behavior of this species, supplementing the information currently available. The most numerous mounts were carried out by the 4-year-old buck (M1 male) with 7 out of 20, representing 35% of the total mounts observed. The mount was characterized by very high duration of courtship (average 98%) compared to the true mounting (average 2%) (p < 0.05). The postlude behavioural manifestations observed were bucks continuing to inspect the anogenital area of the female, wagging their tongues while the goats expressed a characteristic bleat
Aspects regarding global food security
No full textAt a time when global food security is of utmost importance, the Global Food Security Index (GFSI) shows that the global food environment is deteriorating. After hitting its peak in 2019, the GFSI has since declined amid skyrocketing food prices and hunger on an unprecedented scale. In GFSI 2022, affordability drags the index down. The index’s affordability score has fallen by 4%, from 71.9 to 69, between 2019 and 2022 as shocks like the covid-19 pandemic and the war on Ukraine have led to rising costs for food. In addition, weakening trade freedom and an inability to fund safety nets have made it harder for people to afford food around the world. Meanwhile, social and political barriers to access have dampened the availability of food. In the past three years, the GFSI has shown rising risks from armed conflicts and political instability, indicators which have seen scores fall by 4% and 6% respectively. This has been accompanied by a growing dependency on chronic food aid, the score for which has dropped by 8% since 2019. Eight of the top ten performers in 2022 come from high-income Europe, led by Finland (with a score of 83.7), Ireland (scoring 81.7) and Norway (scoring 80.5). These nations score strongly on all four pillars of the GFSI. Japan (scoring 79.5) and Canada (scoring 79.1) round out the remainder of the top ten