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Influence of seed invigoration techniques on germination and seedling vigor of maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textThe objective of this study
was to assess the comparative efficiency of
different priming techniques on germination
and early seedling growth of maize
cultivars. Laboratory experiments were
conducted to examine the efficacy of
different seed invigoration treatments on
seed germination and vigor traits of three
maize hybrids, Pioneer 3025, Pioneer 70
and Baber at Agronomy research laboratory,
University of Agriculture, Peshawar,
Pakistan. The experiment was laid in
completely randomized design (CRD) and
was replicated thrice. The treatments
included control treatment (T1)
unsoaked/dry seed, (T2) hydropriming with
distilled water for 24 hrs, (T3) halo priming
treatments with NaCl (3% solution) for 24
hrs, (T4) osmopriming with PEG-6000 for
24 hrs and (T5), hormonal priming with GA3
for 24 hrs. The results showed that seed
invigoration treatment with gibberellic acid
(GA3) PEG-6000 and hydropriming with
distilled water for 24 hrs gave higher
germination, decreased days to 50%
germination, increased shoot length, root
length, seedling fresh and dry weight, as
compared to halo priming with NaCl and
control treatment. It is concluded that seed
invigoration with GA3, osmopriming with
PEG-6000 and hydropriming with distilled
water for 24 hrs serve as an appropriate
treatment for accelerating the emergence
and growth parameters of maize hybrid.
Pioneer 3025 showed its superiority over
other cultivars in all the studied parameters
Copper-releasing, borate-based glasses with antibacterial properties: synthesis and in vitro characterization
No full textIn this study, glasses within the system (60-x) B2O3⋅x ZnO⋅34CaO⋅1CuO, with x=5, 10, 15, 20, 25
mol% and with B2O3/ZnO ratios 11; 5; 3; 2; 1.4 have been synthesized and characterized in vitro. After
being immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) and saline solution, weight loss reduction and pH
measurments, followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectometry (ICP-OES), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed, in order to evaluate the
changes in glass morphology. In vitro biodegradation and surface reaction were observed in all of the
glasses, especially in the x=10, 15, 20 samples. SEM and XRD results revealed the presence of a
hydrotalcite-like structure (double layered hydroxid) at the aqueous solution-glass surface interface, while
Cu, Zn, Ca and B ions, with proangiogenic properties, were detected in the immersion fluid
The effect of irrigation intervals scheduling and nitrogen and zinc content on wheat yield and yield components in drought stress
No full textIn order to evaluate the effect
of irrigation interval on yield and
quantitative-qualitative characteristics of
bread wheat, splited plot experiment in
randomized block with four replications in
the 2010-11 crop years was conducted in the
research field of Islamic Azad University of
Gonabad. A number of 7, 9 and 10 days
irrigation treatments formed the main
factors of test, and spraying and nonspraying
of nitrogen and zinc were
considered as subfactor of test. The results
showed that the effect of irrigation was
significant for the number of grains per
spike in the level of 5% and on 1000-grain
weight and fat percent at the level of 1%,
and had no significant effect on grain yield,
biological yield, number of spikes/sq m
stem height, stem diameter and protein
content. Nitrogen treatment was significant
at the level of 5% on biological yield and
number of spikes/sq m, but had no
significant effect on grain yield, number of
grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, stem
height, fat and protein percent, and stem
diameter. Treatment with zinc was
statistically significant in probability level
of 1% only on percentage of fat and had no
significant effect on grain yield, biological
yield, grain numbers per spike, weight of
1000 seeds, spikes/sq m, stem height,
protein percent and stem diameter. Seven
days irrigation with of nitrogen allocated for
highest seed yield (265.38 g/m²/sq m) and
biological yield (659.33 g/m²/sq m). Means
comparison showed the highest 1000-grain
weight was obtained from 7 days irrigation
(47.10 g) and the lowest from 13 days
irrigation (40.44 g). According to the
experiment results, 7 days irrigation was
recognized as the best irrigation to achieve
maximum economic performance and 13
days irrigation were determined as most
appropriate irrigation for maximum
performance for the region due to lack of
water and weather conditions of Gonabad,
spraying zinc and nitrogen to improve
production was proposed depending on
different irrigation and the purpose of
production
The occurrence dynamics and sex ratio of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera adults on different corn hybrids in western Romania
No full textSpecies which are the subject of study for this paper is an invasive insect for corn in Europe and thus in Romania. It is a
coleopteran insect from genus Diabrotica, respectively Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conte, known as "western corn
rootworm". Adults’ species cause significant loss of production, especially during the appearance of silk and are active
in the period from June to September. The objective of this study was to specify the occurrence dynamic of adults on
different type of corn hybrids in order to establish the influence of these on development of insects. In addition, their
sexual structure (sex-ratio) were specified. Studies were conducted in Timis county, locality Narau, in period of 2015-
2016. Corn hybrids which were made observations have belonged to different maturity groups (FAO), such as follows:
DKC 3811 (extra-early type), SY Respect and SY Zephyr (semi-early type) P8523, SY Arioso, SY Irridium (early type)
and DKC 5276 (semi-late type). Each plot consisted of 16 rows of corn /hybrid having 4 repetitions. The adults were
captured with pheromone traps (Csalomon® type). The observations revealed significant differences between those
seven groups of corn hybrids. The most numerous individuals were quantified in lots of semi-early hybrid and semi-late
type with average values of 120.22 respectively 283.00/trap. During the flight of adults, the greatest number was
registered early August. Females predominated in all versions of hybrids, regardless of group maturity. Their
percentage in the total number of captures stood from 63.7 to 86.5. Large presence of adults in the experimental plots
was somehow associated with the appearance and maintenance of silk and pollen
Enhancing seed yield of hybrid rice by maintaining row ratio and dosages of gibberellic acid
Get PDFThe purpose of this study
was to identify the optimum levels of
gibberellic acid and suitable row ratio for
maximization the seed yield of hybrid rice.
An experiment was conducted at the
experimental farm of Rice Research and
Training Center, Egypt, during 2013 and
2014 growing seasons. The material under
this study included the parental lines of
IR69625A (Female lines) and Giza 179 R
(Restorer line) to produce F0 hybrid seeds.
A split-plot design with three replications
was used. The main plot was row ratio
(2R:8A, 2R:10A and 2R:12A) and sub plots
was the doses of gibberellic acid (g/ha)
(control, 300, 350, 400). The results
indicated that, Application of GA3 and row
ratio had significant effect on different traits
of seed yield and hybrid seed production.
The highest values of flag leaf area, panicle
length, seed set, panicle weight, panicle
exsertion and seed yield were acheived by
using 2R: 8A row ratio and was observed
the lowest values were obtained at the 2:12
row ratio. Acoording to gibberellic acid
application, the highest values for panicle
length (cm), seed set (%), panicle weight
(g), panicle exertion (%), harvest index and
seed yield were recorded by using 400 g /ha
gibberellic acid. Accordingly, the highest
net economic return from seed yield was
obtained with the treatment combination of
400 g/ha GA3 x 2:8 (R: A) row ratio
Correlation of the informatic system on agricultural cadastre with the soil resources from the territorial administrative units with underground drainage systems
No full textThe National Cadastre and Land Registration Program that started in 2015 and is scheduled to be finished in
2023 is meant to ensure the systematic registration of all real estates in Romania, for the cadastral sectors of 3181
administrative territorial units. Some of the basic elements in favour of these changes are: the development of irrigation
systems, rehabilitation of land developments works, the development of infrastructure projects for transport routes,
unprivileged areas, etc. In this context, there are included all the administrative territorial areas where, at various
moments in time, there have been conducted different hydro-ameliorative works and underground drainage systems
have been implemented. In Suceava County, these works covered 55,100 ha and included 20 large systems and
numerous local systems. The case study consists in the correlation of the graphic and alphanumeric database with the
soil-land cartographic units that were identified in the Baia – Sasca hydro-ameliorative system. The mapping activity
was conducted between 1976-1977 on a surface of 6,500 ha, and the hydrotechnical schemes were created in 1978-1980
on a total surface of 5,527 ha; from the total surface mentioned before, 1,806 ha also included a systematic underground
drainage system with ceramic pipes. The cadastre and land registration activity from the six territorial administrative
units of the Baia – Sasca system permited the correlation of the database into an integrated system. The present spatial
distribution of the six territorial administrative units: Horodniceni, Cornu Luncii, Rădăşeni, Baia, Fântana Mare and
Vadu Moldovei, includes 30,167 ha of the total surface of the agricultural and non-agricultural land
Microbiological quality of chicken meat: Campylobacter relevant public health problem
No full textCampylobacter is undoubtedly an important public health problem that European legislation (Directive 2003/99 / EEC) establishes as zoonotic agent to be monitored, with mandatory notification of the number of isolates, registration of cases, and the provision of information to Member States. However, despite its high prevalence, so far they have not established measures for its reduction or the obligation to implement control plans. Unlike Salmonella, which, most likely, thanks to community prevalence reduction targets and national control plans, still, for years, a marked downward trend in the number of cases in the EU. Consumption of contaminated chicken meat, mainly by Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of human campylobacteriosis in Europe, so it EFSA considered necessary to establish measures to reduce Campylobacter in chicken flocks. According to the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA), a real incidence of 9 million annual cases of campylobacteriosis in the EU is estimated. The average prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler flocks at Community level is 71.2%, with 75% in the case of Romania, it is therefore a major problem. A lot of birds that come to slaughter excrete the bacteria in their feces and is very difficult to prevent, during processing, contamination of carcasses and abattoir equipment occurs. Therefore it is important to reduce the bacterial load in birds before arrival at the slaughterhouse. As the reports of the EFSA and the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), based on the results of monitoring activities of zoonoses (diseases transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to man diseases), carried conducted in 2015 in 32 European countries (28 Member States and four non-Member States), campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported zoonosis. In view of this trend, the European Union is preparing a draft regulation that will come to amend the current legislation for the control of Campylobacter. Those rules shall establish a process hygiene criterion for Campylobacter in broiler channels to control possible contamination with this bacteria during the slaughter stage. This draft European regulation also establishes a contamination value above which corrective action is required to maintain hygiene, according to food legislation (20% of chicken carcasses with a level of Campylobacter ≥ 1000 cfu / g, for 2025). The European Commission considers that this approach should be implemented gradually and tighter over time
Caracteristici ale speciilor de plante din genul Hieracium existente în Herbarul Alexandru Beldie al I.N.C.D.S. Bucureşti
No full textThe Alexandru Beldie Herbarium from I.N.C.D.S. Bucharest comprises approximately 60.000 plates of some herbaceous plants, trees and shrubs. Amongst them, the present article analyses the 273 plates dedicated to the plants from the Hieracium genre. After a short description of the genre, some of the 112 species present in this herbarium are described. The plants were gathered between 1858 and 1954, with a larger incidence in the periods 1890-1899 and 1940-1949. Their origin ranges from different areas of our country (Bucegi, Ciucas, Retezat, Turda, Buftea, Pojorata) as well as from abroad (Pyrenees, Tirol, Silesia) and were gathered by Romanian specialists (Beldie, Morariu, Georgescu, Cretzoiu) and foreign ones (Stefanoff, Baenitz, Richter, Weisenbeck, Sagorski, Weisenbach, Wolff
Researches regarding the attack of the Monilinia fructigena fungus (ADERH. & RUHL.) honey on some varieties of apple, hartiest location, Arges county
No full textThe attack of the Monilinia fructigena fungus responsible for the appearance of apple moniliosis is present every year,
whenever this species is grown. The Monilinia fructigena fungus is present yearly and in orchards grown in the research
area. Research has been carried out in the untreated variants of a fungal attack on varieties: Florina, Generos, Goldrush,
Idared and Topaz. The attack on the sprout and the fruit was monitored and the frequency, intensity and degree of
attack were calculated. Under the conditions of 2016, the attack on the sprouts registered different values of the
frequency and the intensity was maximum. The highest value of the 10.5% attack was determined in the Idared variety,
considered as control, followed by the Topaz and Goldrush varieties, with attack rates of 8% and 6.5%. The fruits attack
noted in the summer showed a value of 11.4% for the Idared variety followed by the Topaz variety with 8.7%. The
fruits attack recorded in the autumn, at the harvest was 36.6% for the Idared variety followed by the Topaz variety by
31%. The Florina variety recorded the lowest level of attack on fruits before harvesting with an attack rate of 22%. The
Goldrush and Generos varieties recorded 24.5% and 28.55 attack levels for fruit before harvest. The intensity of the
fungus attack on the fruit before the ride and the attack on the sprouts were considered 100%, considering that the fruits
and the sprouts affected by the pathogen attack are compromised. In this case, the attack value was given by the attack
incidence value. The data obtained were statistically assured
Crushing susceptibility of vetch seeds under impact loading
No full textMechanical damage of seeds
due to harvest, handling and other process is
an important factor that affects the quality
and quaintly of seeds. The objective of this
research was to determine the effects of
moisture content and the impact energy on
the breakage susceptibility of vetch seeds.
The experiments were conducted at
moisture contents of 7.57 to 25% (wet basis)
and at the impact energies of 0.1, 0.2 and
0.3 J, using an impact damage assessment
device. The results showed that impact
energy, moisture content, and the interaction
effects of these two variables significantly
influenced the percentage breakage in vetch
seeds (p<0.01). Increasing the impact
energy from 0.1 to 0.3 J caused a significant
increase in the mean values of seeds
breakage from 41.69 to 78.67%. It was
found that the relation between vetch seeds
moisture content and seeds breakage was
non-linear, and the extent of damaged seeds
decreased significantlyas a polynomial
(from 92.47 to 33.56%) with increasing
moisture (from 7.57 to 17.5%) and reached
a minimum at moisture level of about
17.5%. Further increase in seed moisture,
however, caused an increase in the amount
of seeds breakage. Mathematical
relationships composed of seed moisture
content and impact energy, were developed
for accurately description the percentage
breakage of vetch seeds under impact
loading. It was found that the models have
provided satisfactory results over the whole
set of values for the dependent variable