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New potato varieties obtained at National Institute of Research and Development for potato and sugar beet Braşov
No full textPotato is a plant with great ecological plasticity, nutritious, tasty and inexpensive, which is the staple food of many
peoples. Potato use efficiently use the modern technologies and provides the greatest amount of food per unit of area. In
terms of energy is of great importance for human consumption in a variety of ways of preparation and industrialization.
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov is working constantly to create new
potato varieties adapted to changing climatic conditions, with high yield, suitable for the processing industry, to satisfy
the both quantitative and qualitative needs of consumers. Regarding the genetic complex structure of potato (2n = 4 x =
48 chromosomes) and the segregation of the desired character in the offspring produced by sexual hybridisation,
creating new varieties of potato requires a long period (10-12 years) and a large volume of activity (chance for
registration of a new variety is 1 to over 100.000 seedlings). The key objective was to select varieties immune to wart
disease, with high resistance to other diseases (mainly potato late blight), with good agronomic and cooking qualities.
As the result of breeding work three new varieties were produced: Azaria, Darilena and Asinaria. The varieties are
conceived for autumn-winter consumption, being suitable for most culinary preparations, from salad, pommes frites to
mash potatoes. The potato varieties were breed using the hybrid cross method followed by individual clonal selection,
according to the classical scheme of potato breeding. The best potato clone was selected from many others. The
resistance to wart disease was tested at Pojorâta Station (Suceava) and the resistance to late blight and viruses were
determinated in the fields and laboratories of NIRDPSB Brasov. Also to NIRDPSB Brasov it has been determined the
culinary quality of potato tubers by assesing their behavior to boiling. The yield capacity in different environmental
conditions and also the ecological plasticity of the varieties were tested in State Institute for Variety Testing and
Registration network
Histological research of the muscular stomach in Struthio Camelus
No full textFor the histological study were used muscle stomach samples from 5 ostriches, age between 6 months and 3 years. Samples were prefixed in special containers in neutral formalin sol. 10%, after that were adjusted and refitted in the same type of fixator for 24 to 48 hours. The samples were included in paraffin cubes with Kunz instruments machine, then were cut to 3-5 μm at the microtome. The histological sections were displayed on skimmed slides and kept properly until various staining methods were applied. Ostrich muscular stomach is relatively small, compared to waist, oval, pressed from sides, the most developed component being the muscular tunic. After the exterior appearance, it resembles with hen muscular stomach. (Figure 1). The cuticle that tapes the ostrich muscular stomach mucous is thicker and denser than in notglandular area of the glandular stomach. The cuticle is gathered in large loops and in its structure it is noted inclusion of the protean matrix and the presence of desquamated cells from the surface epithelium as cellular debris and nucleus fragments. The stomach mucosa is taped with a simple columnar epithelium, in lamina propria structure, observing the simple, parallel, tubular, ventricular glands of different sizes, depending on the area examined. On top of it, the glands are slightly lengthened and begin to lose their rectilinear appearance. Muscularis mucosae, unlike hen, for example, is present, but on certain portions it can no longer be observed, being united with the muscles layers. The lymphoid tissue from mucosa is also absent. The muscular layer is best represented, composed of smooth muscle fibers with the three layers: longitudinal outer, circular middle, with the largest consistency of the inner skew layer. Connective fibers are also found at this level. In most regions, there is no exact delimitation of the muscle layers. The aponevrotic layer includes parallel collagen fibers arranged in bundles, including elongated and flattened fibroblasts. The serosa belongs to the visceral peritoneum and is composed of typical connective tissue and mesothelium
Observaţii asupra dinamicii speciei Cydia Pomonella (viermele merelor), în plantaţiile pomicole de măr şi avertizarea tratamentelor chimice de combatere
No full textDynamics of adult the Cydia (Laspeyresia) pomonella flight was followed in the apple orchards owned by SC Service SRL Deleşti-Vaslui. For this purpose, it was used the pheromone traps such as AtraPOM were purchased from the Chemistry Institute in Cluj-Napoca country. The traps were installed in the plantation from the first decade of May to September, with the pheromone beingreplaced within at 6 weeks. The readings were recorded at 3-5 day intervals, inventing the catches at each reading and captured butterflies were removed from the trap. Depending on the dynamics of the butterfly flight, it was established for each generation: the beginning of the flight; maximum flight; the end of the flight. Finally, according to these data, the time of application of the chemical treatments for each generation was determined and according to the number of catches and the timeliness of their application
Risk assessment of salmonella contamination of poultry carcasses during trading period
No full textThe goal of the proposed research was to determine the load and diversity of bacterial flora of poultry
carcasses delivered to the Central Agricultural Market of Chisinau from different poultry companies inside the country
and analyze the risks of contamination of carcasses with pathogenic microorganisms. Samples were taken from
refrigerated and frozen poultry carcasses (chicken, broiler, duck) which were delivered for sale from private and
individual poultry farms from different districts of the country. Samples were performed on nutrient media like: peptone
agar, nutrient medium Endo, Levin, Salmonella Shigela Agar, Saburo agar. The culture medias were inseminated from
the surface as well as the inside of the carcasses samples. As a result, the bacteriological investigations demonstrated
the presence of various combinations of conditional pathogenic micro-organisms in all samples collected from the
surface of poultry carcasses and 35% from samples collected from the inside of the carcasses. The associations found
where: Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, E. coli, Salmonella and microscopic fungal. The result of the antibiotic resistance
test confirmed the presence of antibiotic-resistant forms of bacteria; thereby, the highest sensitivity of the isolated
microbial flora from poultry carcasses was established for florfinecol (27mm) and tilmycosiny (19mm) and the lowest
sensitivity was established for neomycin and tetracycline (0-2mm)
Limitative factors of agricultural lands from the administrative territory of Răducăneni, Iaşi county
No full textLand quality index is based not only on soil fertility, which is undoubtedly the most important factor, but also on
climatic factors, landscape and hydrology. The administrative unit used in this study comes under the category of
temperate climate, with a multi-annual temperature average of 9.4°C and a multi-annual rainfall average of 572.4 mm.
The relief is typically hilly with altitudes ranging from 26 m in Jijia Plain and 414 m in Crasnita Hill. The
hydrographical network is relatively dense, with the temporary stagnation of water in hollow areas and is part of the
hydrographic basin of the middle River Pruth, the main rivers that drain the studied area being Jijia, Bohotin and Cozia.
The analysis of the geomorphologic indicators concerning land gradient, landslides, deep erosion (gullies), as well as of
the pedological indicators regarding organic matter content, soil reaction, soil texture, gleying/stagnogleying,
salinization and alkalization, revealed that the soils in the area under survey are severely degraded. The productive
capacity of the soil on the mapped area of 6624 ha is affected by surface erosion (58.04%), landslide (14.62%), gleying
(32.20%), stagnogleying (0.59%), salinization and alkalization up to 23.75% of the surveyed area
Organic matter and its distribution in structural aggregates of leached chernozems under different land use systems
No full textIn this paper, we studied the distribution of organic matter in structural elements of leached chernozems from the
Central part of the Republic of Moldova. It was established that the arable leached chernozems used in conventional
agriculture lost on average 2.29% organic matter from the arable 0-12 cm layer, in comparison with the fallow soil. The
12-20 cm soil layer lost on average 1.78% of organic matter. The implementation of environmental-friendly farming
practices has favored partial restoration of the organic matter content in these soils. Thus, in the arable 0-12 cm layer
the organic matter content increased by 0.08% and in the next 12-20 cm layer - by 0.27%. Loss of organic matter in
soils led to degradation of soil structure. Thus, the 0-20 cm arable layer of leached chernozems has a less favorable
structure for plant growth; in the structure of the soil predominate blocky aggregates. Cultivation of the mixture of
herbaceous and leguminous grasses during the 2007-2015 years led to the partial restoration of the quality of the
structure, especially in the 10-20 cm layer of the soil. Leached chernozem under the fallow has an excellent structure,
characteristic for natural soils. According to our results, the organic matter is not evenly distributed in the structural
aggregates of the investigated soils
Variations of foliar pigments content at Abies alba and Nepeta pannonica species from three different areas of Bukovina, in growing and flowering phenophases
No full textLeaf pigments serve as indicators for photosynthetic activity of plants. Also, pigments content can provide valuable
information concerning physiological status of plants and some biochemical processes. The present study had as
starting point the hypothesis that pigments are quantitatively influenced by phenophase and location. The studied
species are Abies alba and Nepeta pannonica, identified in local wild populations near bukovinian localities named
Cacica, Gura Humorului and Câmpulung Moldovenesc, which have specific climatic, orographic and edaphic
characteristics. For collecting of biological material, from Abies alba species, there was selected mature exemplars,
about same age. From them, there were harvested annual growings, from the first level of branches, during growing and
flowering phenophases, in 2017. Probes of Nepeta pannonica leaves have been picked up from the third foliar node, in
the same phenophase, during the same year. Researches were performed on plants, using CCM - 900 PLUS device, and
in laboratory, with Shimandzu UV - 1800 spectrophotometer. After data centralization, there has been observed that
Abies alba from all these three areas cotains a greater amount of chlorophyll and flavonoids during flowering
phenophase than during growing phenophase. Also, the pigments content is inversely proportional with altitude. Nepeta
pannonica presents different variations concerning amount of these pigments. This thing is caused by senescence of
leaves, unusual meteorological conditions and reduced light. Thus, it can be concluded that the connection between
amount of foliar pigments and phenophase, respectively location, is more obvious at Abies alba than Nepeta pannonica
The main features of the German corporate governance system. Case study: Bayer AG
No full textEach country has developed, according to the needs and specificity of the environment where the companies operate
their businesses, its own corporate governance system. At global level, there are two main models of corporate
governance taken into account: the shareholder system (United Kingdom, USA); the stakeholder system (Japan, most
Latin and Continental European countries). The German company Bayer AG has adopted the stakeholder model to form
its corporate governance system and, therefore, does not limit itself to the protection of stakeholders, as in the case of
the English-American area A specific feature of the German corporate law is the separation between the Management
Board ("Vorstand") and the Supervisory Board ("Aufsichtsrat"). This two-tier management system is also adopted by
Bayer AG. It is rigorously forbidden to the members of one board to be, also, members of the other board. The German
Supervisory Boards are unique due to the German law of co-determination, according to which it is mandatory for these
boards to be composed by an equal number of representatives of stakeholders and employees. The role of Bayer AG
Supervisory Board (formed by 20 members) is to monitor and guide the Management Board. In order to increase its
efficiency in task fulfillment, Bayer AG Supervisory Board set up five committees – the Presidial Committee, the Audit
Committee, the Human Resources Committee, the Nominations Committee and the Innovation Committee. The
Supervisory Board operate in compliance with the German Stock Corporation Act and the German Corporate
Governance Code. In average, the Supervisory Board has about 13 members and 2,3 committees. In the case of Bayer
AG company, the Management Board is composed only by intern directors, having the role of company management
and representation, while the Supervisory Board is formed exclusively by external directors. Obviously, the share
structure is of concentrate type, thus supporting the long term investment horizons
Study on the development of Romanian agriculture after accession to the European Union
No full textRomania has joined the European Union on January 1st 2007. In the last 10 years, a lot of changes have taken place in
the Romanian economy, including in agriculture - generated by the Common Agricultural Policy.
The authors referred, on the basis of statistical information, to some changes that have taken place in Romania's
agriculture, such as: changing the ownership system in favor of private property, in accordance with the Land Fund Act;
reducing of employment in agriculture; increasing the number of agricultural units and their size - both in plant and
animal husbandry; the use of new varieties and hybrids, having superior productivity, improved and adapted to the
pedoclimatic conditions in Romania; introduction of new breeds and hybrids - in animal husbandry; the use of modern
production technologies with a high level of mechanization and automation; obtaining better agricultural output than in
2017; increasing the incomes of the employed population in agriculture; rural tourism development
Linkage disequilibrium in the genome of synthetic Brassica napus populations
No full textNew technologies as high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping arrays are a powerful tool that can
give valuable insight into patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the recent domesticated Brassica napus genome.
This study used the Brassica 60k SNP Illumina consortium genotyping array to assess the distribution of LD and
haplotype structure in a diverse panel of 200 synthetic lines of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Pairwise LD
analysis was conducted within the A- and C-subgenomes of oilseed rape. Results revealed that LD decayed, on average,
more rapidly in the A-subgenome (0.15 Mb) than in the C-subgenome (2.00 Mb). Our findings suggest the presence of
a strong selection of large genomic regions associated with important agronomical traits, especially on the Csubgenome. These results imply that during oilseed rape artificial and natural selection, the C-subgenome was of
particular interest for breeders. Increasing the genetic diversity and recombination rate on the whole genome level is of
crucial importance for future breeding efforts