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Evaluarea diversităţii unui segment al resurselor genetice ale viţei de vie în contextul provocărilor climatice
Get PDFIn the paper ispresented a segmentfrom the diversity of the grapevine genetic resources accumulated in the Genofond of the Research and Practical Institute for Horticulture and Food Technologies: varieties for table grapes with early maturation, seedlessness. About30 varieties were highlighted, including with increased or advanced resistance to abiotic and biotic unfavorable factors. Described genotypes represent a wide diversity by genetic origin, the color of the berry, the agrobiological properties. The highlighted sources of useful features are proposed for harness in grapevine breeding, modernization ofassortment, inclusivelly in the context of climate challenges
Quantification of germination response of Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.) seeds to water potential and priming using hydrotime model
No full textSeed germination is a complex biological process that is influenced by different environmental physical factors including temperature, water potential, salinity, pH and light, as well as intrinsic genetic factors. In such environments, the water needed for
germination is available for only a short time, and consequently, successful crop
establishment depends not only on rapid and uniform germination of the seedlot,
but also on its ability to germinate under low water availability. All of these attributes can be analyzed through the hydrotime model (HT). Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Therefore, in this study, using the hydrotime modeling approach, germination response of millet to priming (water and gibberellin 50 ppm at 15°C for 24 h) and water potential (0, -0.3, -0.6, -0.9, and -1.2 Mpa) was studied. Hydrotime (HT) model were fitted to cumulative germination of seeds and recorded in germination tests carried out at different water potentials (0, -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa) and priming treatments (control, hydropriming and hormone priming). Results showed that, germination of millet decreased significantly with reduction of osmotic potential. Results indicated that the hydrotime constant (θH) for control, hydropriming and hormone priming were 0.89, 0.79 and 0.67 MPa d, the water potential (Ψb(50)) for control, hydropriming and hormone priming were -0.89, -0.94 and -1.11 MPa, respectively. Results indicated that the use of hydrotime model in germination prediction could be useful to
provide more accurate estimates for the timing of sowing and management of millet
Considerations regarding the "vocabulary" and the "grammar" of a spatial semiological structure
No full textFor linguists, the investigation of gardens from a semiotical point of view, involves a very complex and challenging research material. The research may be conducted in many directions, incorporating numerous topics related to gardens. Gardens may be regarded as “spatial entities” organized by man, endowed with a high semiotic potential. Gardens may be considered “alive cultural phenomena” undergoing a continuous transformation and organization due to the fact that gardens’ identity is represented by nature and art. Gardens may be investigated and treated as “texts” allowing us to analyze the production of significance/meaning, pointing out the communicative effects within any spatial semiological entity. Our research aimed to examine the garden as a “text”, defining its “vocabulary” - its constitutive natural and artificial elements, and the “grammar” - the rules of composition and the manner the constitutive elements are put together or joined, corresponding to the aesthetic or utilitarian function typical of any spatial semiological structure
Does concoction of organic and inorganic fertilization have potential to enhance wheat yield?
No full textSoil fertility and maximum crop production can only be achieved through proper fertilization. Proper and balanced fertilization have a considerably positive effect on plant growth and yield. Due to continuous use of chemical fertilizers, the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil decreased gradually. Therefore, in modern era, agriculture
scientists are now engaged to establish an agricultural system, which can not only
lower the production cost, but also conserve the natural resources. Soil, as a source of nutrients, must be protected from various kinds of external factors, especially from the addition of fertilizers in excessive rates. Any degradation in the quality of soil can significantly produce many undesirable changes in the environment and also reduces the overall crop yield. So, the concoction of organic and inorganic fertilization is an alternative
and most effective method for sustainable and cost-effective management for maximum crop production, without effecting the environment. The Integrated Nutrient Management provides an excellent opportunity not only for sustainability of the soil, but also enhances the overall crop productivity. The present review study was carried out with the main aim to evaluate the role of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on wheat crop production. The outcome of the study concluded that combined application of
both organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improve the wheat crop production, as compared with the sole application of either organic or inorganic fertilizers
Rezultate privind producţia şi parametri fiziologici ai cultivarului de tomate Siriana F1 sub influenţa stimulatorilor convenţionali şi neconvenţionali
No full textTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a leading vegetable crop, in terms of global cultivation (open field and protected area) and consumption. The chemical nutrients of plants serve as critical factors that determine the plant growth and vigour, also the crop yield. In addition, these nutrients play aparticular role in contributing to the survival of crop plants under environmental stress conditions. Under climatic or nutritional stress, the productivity is affected in a percentage that range between 45-70%. In this study, the influence of unconventional and conventional stimulants was evaluated for Siriana F1 in term of physiological parameters and yield. In order to achieve this, at UASVM Iasi was carried out an experiment on a tomato crop from the Siriana F1 hybrid, where six treatments were tested compared to a control version.The highest values of the analyzed physiological parameters were recorded under treatment of Au -citrate C; for the total pigments this variant had the lowest value, respectively 14.9 CCI
Preliminary results about experimental sunflower hybrids resistant to both sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicide
No full textIt is important to choose what herbicide we want to use depending on degree of weed infestation and what type of sunflower hybrid resistant at sulfonylurea or imidizalinone herbicide. Some farmers who cultivated sunflower in SouthEast of Romania where broomrape is present with the most virulent races, use IMI sunflower hybrids and spray with a IMI herbicide for a better control. Other farmers, prefers SU sunflower hybrids especially in field without broomrape. At NARDI Fundulea, we created sunflower hybrids resistant at sulfonylurea herbicide and sunflower hybrids resistant at imidazolinone herbicide but also we created experimental sunflower hybrids resistant to booth sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicide. In year 2018, at NARDI Fundulea, we tested, four experimental sunflower hybrids SU-IMI Plus, H1 SU-IMI Plus, H2 SU-IMI Plus, H3 SU-IMI Plus and H4 SU-IMI Plus, for resistance at sulfonylurea herbicide in Express Sun™ system and imidazolinone herbicide in Clearfield® system. These four experimental sunflower hybrids were full resistant in booth systems, in Express Sun™ and Clearfield®
Efecte ale iradierii gamma asupra miceliilor unor tulpini de pleurotus eryngii cultivate in vitro
No full textThis work focuses on evaluating the effects of applying low doses of Gamma radiation on the mycelia of some Pleurotus eryngii (King Oyster) strains.Mycelia grown on agarized media PDA and MEA were irradiated with doses ranging from 50 to 1500 Gy. Subcultures were obtained by transferring irradiated and non-irradiated mycelia to fresh PDA, MEA solid media and PDB, MEB liquid media (submerged culture). The cultural characteristics and growth rates of irradiated and non-irradiated subcultured mycelia were verified –after the first passage.Higher doses caused the mycelia to slow down and reduce the amount of biomass obtained.The dose of 200 Gy applied to the mycelia of the three strains of P.eryngii verified, in some cases, resulted better than the lower doses 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy
Ecological aspects regarding biodiversity of micoflora and fauna from cherry and sour cherry orchards from UASVM Bucharest
No full textCherry and sour cherry are fruit trees, whose fruits appear first on the market. Both diseases and pests negatively influence the growth and development of fruits, the quality of fruit declining considerably, which brings important financial damage. Research on the knowledge of micoflora and fauna of cherry and cherry culture was carried out in C.D.E. USAMV - Bucharest. Diseases and pests frequently found on cherry and cherry are: blossom blight and cherry bite. To identify the fruit affected by blossom blight, the trees were examined, determining the frequency (F), the intensity (I) and the degree of attack (D.A.%) calculated. The yellow cherry on the Vega variety was placed on the cherry, and the cherry on the Wanda variety. Observations made on cherry blossom blight showed that Celeste was the most affected, with a 33% attack frequency, an intensity of 17.3% and an attack rate of 5.7%. The Sam, Vega and Giant red varieties exhibited a very high esistance
to the blossom bligh attack. The most attacking species was Nana with a frequency of 37.5%. As a result of catches made on Rhagoletis cerasi, the first catches were recorded on 26.04 (5 specimens/trap), with a maximum flight of 11 specimens/trap on 16.05, after which the number of catches began to fall up to 5 specimens/trap (13.06). In crush the maximum catch was recorded on 29.05, 13 insects/trap
Isolation and identification of Trichoderma species and investigating their seed treatment effect on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) germination
No full textTrichoderma fungus species are highly populations of fungi in world that they can colonize roots as plant symbiosis. Various types of Trichoderma are free-living fungi that are, generally, saprophytic on the remains of soil. In addition to its role in biological control, this fungus increases plant yield and growth. So far, many studies have been conducted to examine the ability of this agent to reduce biological tensions and biological control of plant pathogens. Thus, this study was conducted to isolate and identify species of Trichoderma fungus from rapeseed fields in Golestan and Qazvin province from Iran, and also to study isolated species on germination percentage and growth parameters of rapeseed seedlings in a randomized complete block design with three replications in vitro. Based on the results, three species of T. harzianum, T. virens, and T. atroviride were identified, which the isolate of T. harzianum Ta19 showed a significant effect on the control group and other treatments in increasing germination percentage, root length and stem; whereas, the seeds treated with the isolate T. atroviride Ta11 showed no significant difference with the control group in spite of the increase in seed germination rate in comparison with the control and other treatments. According to the results, the use of Trichoderma fungus as a seed treatment like other researches on different products is recommended for increasing the growth of rapeseed
The assesment of domestic cats body condition through direct and indirect methods
No full textThe cats inability to adapt their enzymatic package to a domestic lifestyle and a restricted space of movement
, for cats raised in appartments , made them more prone to overweight and obesity. Body scoring is a method of evaluation subjective and semiquantitative through inspection and palpation. Through the inspection and palpation of the fat that covers the chest , the presence or absence of the abdominal waist and the size of the belly fat are enough to establish the body score for cats. The biochemistry results showed significantlu changes of the parameters leptin, insulin, plasma total ghrelin, cholesterol and tryglicerides, which sustains their role in the adaptation of cats to a positive or negative energy balance. The purpose of this study is to change the owners perspective regarding the way they treat the physiologycal needs of their pets. They ignore their cats need for space, unlimited acces outside, their needs regarding the food, especially the increased requirements of proteins. The owners tend to mistakenly believe that a cat with an ideal score is underweight and that overweight cats are an ideal score