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Use of natural nitrogen stabilizers to improve nitrogen use efficiency and wheat crop yield
No full textComplex nature of nitrogen
fertilizer in soil and poor management
practices are major causes of low fertilizer
use efficiency in Pakistan. These factors
further increases nitrogen losses in form
of nitrate leaching and volatilization of
ammonium, as well as nitric oxide which
are burning economic and environmental
threats. Keeping in view the demand of
urea application in Pakistan and its low
efficiency, we hypothized that appropriate
urea management with neem formulations or biofertilizers can enhance the nitrogen use efficiency. We designed experiment with treatments: T0 (N0 application), T1 (recommended nitrogen), T2 (recommended nitrogen + biofertilizer), T3 (recommended
nitrogen + neem seed extract), T4 (75% recommended nitrogen + biofertilizer), T5 (75% recommended nitrogen + neem seed extract), T6 (recommended nitrogen + biofertilizer + neem seed extract), T7 (75% recommended nitrogen + biofertilizer + neem seed extract) in wheat crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements. Different approaches for stabilized nitrogen fertilizer responded significantly for the wheat plant height, tillers per plant, number of grains per
spike, 1000-grain yield, grain yield and harvest index. Result exhibited that wheat crop enhanced yield attributes and finally the yield under treatment T6 and T7 for both wheat cultivars. Treatments comparison with recommended nitrogen (T1) revealed that all treatments with biofertilizer, as well as with neem seed, enhanced crop performance along with nitrogen use efficiency. It can be concluded that nitrogen fertilizer can be stabilized in the soil with the use of different natural products for sustainable crop production
Transparency and communication: Good Practice in Animal Research Communication
No full textThe general public shows strong reservations towards animal research. Over the years, science has also critically looked at e.g. reproducibility and translational issues and implemented improvements of which the public is not always aware. In addition, the relation between (some) animal experiments and human health is not always understood by the critical community. Due to aggressive actions towards some research establishments, communication about animal experiments has not always been the obvious answer. On the other hand, examples have shown, that transparency and openness lead to better understanding of the public about the why of animal experiments, but also about the strict regulations under which animal experiments have to be performed. In most cases where an open communication with the general public has become a fundamental policy, some understanding and a dialogue, also with the more extreme NGO’s, replaced aggressiveness towards scientists. This article proposes several activities with respect to communication about animal experiments for public institutes and universities. One of these is that a group of experts should be established, with different backgrounds with respect to animal experiments and communication skills. The establishment of an Animal Experiments Communication Group has shown to be crucial for appropriate communication in different situations. Activities focussed on different communication strategies are discussed. Crucial in all of this is the each establishment has developed a clear policy on animal experiments, which is also shared with the outside world. A well-designed strategy should be the basis for effective communication to different groups under different situations. Furthermore, dedicated webpages providing information on the institute’s policy with regard to animal experiments, as well as specific information on animal experiments (among which annual statistics) will lead to improved openness and transparency
Quality of the Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty species on harvesting phenophases
No full textThe forage value of the species is strongly influenced by their growth stage when they are harvested or grazed. The forage value is the highest during the vegetative growth and the lowest during the seed formation stage. Therefore, when forage species are cultivated for the purpose of feeding cattle, they must be harvested or grazed in the early stages
of maturity. As the forage plants reach maturity crude protein content decreases, ADF, NDF content increases and feed digestibility is reduced. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of harvesting phenophases and of the organo-mineral fertilization on the quality of the Dichanthium ischaemum (L.) Roberty species. The experimental factors were represented by the harvesting phenophase, with three graduations: a1 - harvesting at plants height of 15-18 cm, a2 - harvesting at the ear formation (control), a3 - harvesting to full flowering and fertilization with seven
graduations: b1 - unfertilized (control), b2 - N50P50 kg·ha-1 annually, b3 - N75P75 kg·ha-1 annually, b4 - N100P100 kg·ha-1 annually, b5 - 10 Mg·ha-1 sheep manure annually, b6 - 20 Mg·ha-1 annually and b7 - 30 Mg·ha-1 annually sheep manure applied at two years. The obtained results showed that the developmental stage is an essential factor that determines important changes in the quality of the analyzed species, the chemical composition of the species obtained being influenced by the harvesting phenophase, as well as the type of fertilizer and the applied doses. The relative qualitative value of the forage was found to be highest during the vegetative growth, so as the species advances the vegetation the crude protein content decreases, the content in ADF, NDF increases and its digestibility decreases
Software applications for the use of aerial images in precision agriculture
No full textPrecision agriculture represents a new branch developed due to the new technologies, which represents, for most farmers, a challenge in their use in order to obtain improved productions from year to year, and the conservation of the potential of agricultural lands.
Determining the problems of agricultural crops, was done recently through field inspections, which requires a great deal of time. The emergence of drones, dedicated applications for using the results obtained with the help of drones and other new
technologies, such as multi-spectral satellite imagery, opens a new perspective for farmers, which allows them to obtain better results in the field of crops but also the conservation of agricultural land. The use of drones and the applications dedicated to the processing of the data obtained with them, will allow to increase the efficiency of the farms and also to conserve the potential of agricultural lands. It will be possible to determine
precisely the areas in which to intervene in case of drought / excess humidity, deficiency / excess of nutrients. Also, yeld maps can be made that will highlight the distribution and density of the plants on the surface, the number of berries / fruits, etc. Early detection of weeds, fungi and other pests in crops, to prevent their spread as well as various diseases.
At present, more and more farmers are convinced of the efficiency of drone application and precision agriculture applications. In addition to these solutions, farmers also need machines dedicated to the application of the results obtained with these technologies (agricultural equipment equipped with GPS, sensors for various climatic and soil
parameters, variable nozzles for seeders and fertilizers, motion / rotation sensors, counters, etc.)
Oportunitate de afirmare profesională şi de orientare în carieră a elevilor şi studenţilor
No full textIn the last years, the County Library „Gh. Asachi” Iasi had a special concern for encouraging the development of non-formal education, of the practical and technical sense by developing workshopswithin the Library and Science -Intersections program. Together with the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "Ion Ionescu De La Brad" from Iasi, the Technical University "Gh. Asachi" Iasi, the University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa" Iasi and the Colleges of Iasi, these workshops will capitalize on the overlap between literature and the different branches of science.The partners of this project create the opportunity to broaden the opportunities for professional affirmation and career guidance of the students and students, who have become motivated to capitalize on their scientific skills within the circles of development of creative abilitie
Therapeutic management of eimeriosis in a broiler chicken farm
No full textThe growth of poultry for meat has undergone a spectacular evolution over the last 20 years. Chicken broilers were obtained with outstanding performances, the breeding and feeding technology was perfected, progress was made in ensuring health, biosecurity and well-being. The aim of the present study is to analyze the incidence of the appearance of eimeriosis according to the therapeutic strategies approached in a farm, the efficiency of the coccidiostats and the contribution that the climatic conditions bring in their action. The study was conducted in an exploitation with several farms distributed in different counties, which, in order to cover the need to populate all farms, imports chickens from the Cobb 500 breed from Slovakia and Hungary. Depending on the therapeutic strategy addressed against eimeriosis, the feeds contain different coccidiostatic drugs, their homogenization being done in the combined feed factory after the decision previously made by the veterinarian of the farm. Depending on the location of the farm, the climatic conditions in the area and the pathological background, different treatment programs are established. The introduction of coccidiostats is made from the first day until day 37-38, after two programs: full and shutlle. In the last 4-5 days their use is stopped, according to the legislation, to respect the waiting time until slaughter. The full program involves the administration of a single coccidiostat throughout a series, without repeating it, two series in a row, while the shutlle program involves the combination of two coccidiostats, usually in the first 15 days, a synthetic one, followed by an ionophore. Based on the necropsies it was concluded that the eymeriosis was caused by 3 species of Eimeria which evolved on the farm, with the highest incidence being Eimeria tenella (up to 65% of the necropsied cases). According to the mortality rates, the efficiency of the shutlle program is clearly superior to the full program, thus recommending its use especially in cold periods
Influenţa conţinutului de hidraţi de carbon asupra calusării la altoire la soiurile pentru struguri de masă Gelu şi Paula
No full textThe factors that determine the formation of the callus at the grafting point, respectively the percentage of vines capable of being planted in the nursery, are of genetic, technological and ecological nature. Thus, the genetic nature of the two symbionts is crucial to the success of grafting. In the present work determinations were made regarding the behavior of table grape varieties Gelu and Paula grafted on three rootstocks RipariaGloire, Berlandieri x Riparia Selection Oppenheim 4-clone 4 Blaj and Berlandieri x Riparia Selection Crăciunel 2. It was found that the highest total content of carbohydrates had the rootstock RipariaGloire (13.49%), followed by Crăciunel 2 (12.78%) and SO4-4(12.02%). In the Vinifera varieties the same indicator was higher for Paula grape variety (14.32%) and for Gelu variety (13.07%). As a result of the grafting and forcing, the following aspects resulted: the percentage of vines suitable for planting was the highest in the Paula variety grafted on Crăciunel 2, respectively 99%, and in the Gelu variety grafted on Ripariagloire, of 98%. The vines for which the grafting point was complete, where the buds entered vegetation and the root primordia was in maximum percentage were found at the Paula / Crăciunel 2 variant, at 76%. Gelu / Crăciunel 2 variant resulted in obtaining the most vines (7%) that formed root primordia at the intermediate node as well
Oraşe ecologice şi autosustenabile –o abordare sistemică din punct de vedere al disciplinelor peisagistice
No full textEco-urbanism involves a series of concepts and principles of planning, implementation and use of the elements of the system called City, generically called green technologies. These include: intelligent management of all urban utilities networks, wastedwater management and solid waste recycling systems andmanagement, passive energy building technology, clean energy technologies (solar, wind, hydropower or biogas technologies, etc.), rehabilitation and revitalization of depreciated or abandoned urban spaces, food and consumable objects production in a sustainable way.The present paper illustrates the importance of the fact that the city planning and the landscape planning involves knowledge applied from several areas listed above or not mentioned yet, which implies an overview of landscape architects onall these areas and the connections between them,both in territorial and urban planning, as well at the scale of the detailed landscape design
Bibliometria în evaluarea publicațiilor universitare. Cazul bibliotecii USAMV-Iași
No full textPrezenta lucrare de cercetare își propune o analiză a publicațiilor științifice ale Universității de Științe Agricole și Medicină Veterinară ”Ion Ionescu de la Brad” din Iași, din perspectivă bibliometrică. Bibliometria este ea însăși o știință care se dezvoltă vertiginos, în paralel cu toate celelalte științe, fie ele exacte, fie umaniste, dar ea oferă înainte de toate un instrument pentru organizarea, ierarhizarea și evaluarea producției științifice (sau a cercetătorilor) unei instituții, a unei țări sau chiar la nivel mondial. Analiza pe care ne-o propunem se desfășoară pe mai multe planuri (cronologic, tematic, tipologic, geografic, lingvistic etc.) și pretinde a realiza un tablou cuprinzător al publicațiilor științifice menționate, care să trezească interesul instituției și al autorilor și să constituie un prim pas spre implementarea unor servicii bibliometrice la Biblioteca USAMV din Iași