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Seed germination and morphophysiological characterization of three tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) varieties irrigated with treated wastewater
No full textThe ability to reuse treated
wastewater (TWW) would be of
significant benefit to agriculture whilst at
the same time providing a valuable water
resource. This study concerned the effects
of three various levels of treated
wastewater (0%, 50% and 100% TWW)
on seed germination and plant
development of three different varieties of
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) (viz.
Toufan, Heinz and Bouzina). Irrigation
with TWW persisted 15 days for the
germination stage and 120 days for the
growth and development stage. A control
plot irrigated with a pure water
(groundwater) was also set up in order to
compare the seeds and the plants response
to different concentrations of irrigation
water. The final germination was
expressed as a percentage of the total
number of seeds in each treatment. This
study has demonstrated that treated
wastewater improves the germination in
Heinz variety and had no effect on both
Toufan and Bouzina varieties whether it is
pure or diluted by half. For the growth
stage, the statistical analysis showed that
the Toufan variety has tolerated
successfully the TWW irrigation with its
high and moderate concentrations, and
this by analysing all the morphophysiological
parameters studied in this
work (leaves numbers, stem and root
length and dry biomass, relative water
content and rate water loss)
Results on the use of bacterial biopreparations (biological fertilizers) in agricultural crops in Research and Development Stations for Agriculture, Romania
No full textThe development and use of strategies for organic fertilization of agricultural crops will lead to a decomposition of insoluble elements in the soil structure, which will lead to an increase in the number of soluble mineral elements in the soil structure, which will lead to significant plant growth and of agricultural production. Soil pollution with chemical
elements has led to an increase in pH from a basic / neutral to an acid one. Soil acidification causes a decrease in agricultural production, a decrease in plant resistance to certain pests of soil structure, but especially soil pollution, groundwater with certain chemical elements found in the structure of fertilizers. Thus, following the research carried
out within the research-development stations for agriculture in Romania, it was proved that the lots fertilized with biological fertilizer had a much higher production than the lots fertilized chemically
Observaţii cu privire la fauna epigee din unele plantaţii pomicole de măr în perioada 2018-2019
No full textDuring the research period at the Vasile Adamachi station in Iaşi, an apple orchard was studied during two years of research.In order to draw up the structure and ecological parameters representative of the invertebrate entomofauna in the plantation, six Barber-type soil traps were set, and during the research species belonging to the orders Coleoptera (Dermestes laniarius, Polydrosus amoenus, Tomoxia biguttata, Anisodacty) were collected. Harpalus distinguendus, Armadillidium vulgare, Galeruca pomonae, Pseudophonus rufipes), Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants), Arahnida, Heteroptera (Pyrhocorris sp.), Lepidoptera, Gastropoda (snails) and Isoptera.Following the centralization of the number of specimens and the species collected, it could be observed that the values obtained were significantly close in the two years of research, in the plantation under study
Modified Biochar—A Tool for Wastewater Treatment
No full textGlobal deposits of concentrated phosphates, which are a necessary source for the production of phosphate fertilizers, are limited. These reserves keep getting thinner, and every day, large amounts of phosphorus end up in watercourses. In this study, we verified that modified biochar (saturated with FeCl3 solution and then neutralized with NaOH solution) can adsorb significant amounts of phosphorus from wastewater. Moreover, the agrochemical qualities of sludge water from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, struvite, phosphorus-saturated biochar, and iron(III) phosphate from a reused biochar filter were tested in this study. We determined the amount of mobile phosphorus as well as the amount of extractable phosphorus and its five fractions. It was found that modified biochar can hold one-third of the phosphorus amount contained in the commonly used agricultural fertilizer simple superphosphate (1 × 105 g of modified biochar captures up to 2.79 × 103 g of P). Moreover, plants can more easily access phosphorus biochar fractions than struvite, which is formed spontaneously during sludge management. The results of this research prove that the proposed method of recycling phosphorus from wastewater can be applied in technological practice
Sustainable management of irrigated soils in Ukrainian agriculture
No full textIn the structure of land resources of Ukraine there are significant disproportions, the deepening of which can be a threat to the environment and living environment, as well as the effectiveness of economic activity, sustainable development of the national economy. Irrigation and drainage strategy of Ukraine until 2030 can to ensure sustainable ecologically balanced development of agriculture in Ukraine by modernization, rehabilitation and expansion of irrigation systems. The soil cover of Ukrainian irrigated land is featured a significant dissemination of poorly productive and degraded soils if unsustainable agricultural methods are pursued. Monitoring of the fertility of the irrigated lands, directed to the formation of the models of steady, ecologically safe and economically effective agriculture is required. The complex of measures to manage the fertility irrigated land was developed by authors. Analysis showed that investment along
priority irrigation systems would require more than $ 3 billion. The main sources of finance for the of the complex of measures in Ukraine include the following: projects and grants for capacity development of the institutions; international development loans; private investment through leasing, regular bank loans and farmers’ own capital
Quality schemes - a European tool for guaranteeing the quality and safety of food products
No full textCertification of quality schemes known as PDO (Protected Designation of Origin), PGI
(Protected Geographical Indication) and TSG (Traditional Speciality Guaranteed) is one of the
European Commission’s instrument for protecting products whose reputation extends beyond their
geographical area of production. The work aims to achieve an analysis of implementation and
certification of the three quality schemes according to the European legislation, of the product
classes included in these systems as well of the interest shown by the producers and authorities of
the European Union. Methodologically, the information collected from the "DOOR" database for
the period 1996-2019 was analyzed, processed, summarized and prioritized. The results obtained
show that during the analyzed period, the producers from the EU countries certified and registered
1424 products, of wich 630 PDO (44.2 %), 731PGI (5.3 % ), and 63 TSG (4.4 %). The first place in
the top of the classes of products is held by "Fruits and Vegetables" with 24% of the total.
Regarding the interest of the EU countries to implement the quality schemes, we note that the first
place is held by Italy (299 products); Romania ranks penultimate (5 products). As a result of the
analysis, the work proposes a set of recommendations in order to improve the existing situation both
at European and national level
Synthetic dye’s substitution with chokeberry extract in jelly candies
No full textMatching the general trend of replacing synthetic additives with healthier natural products, the present research studies the effects of different concentrations of chokeberry extract which substitute carmoisine dye in jelly candies. Also, the colour and antioxidant properties of the aforementioned extract and their changes at various pH and in presence of different mineral salts from foods are analysed. The phenolic content of the extract was determined using HPLC and spectrophotometric methods. A high concentration of polyphenols was found in the chokeberry extract, of which around 97% were flavonoids. Catechin, epicatechin, ferulic acid and its methyl esther, protocatechuic, gallic and para-hydroxybenzoic acids were the major phenolics identified in the extract. The total antioxidant activity decreased in acidic media, while close-to-neutral and alkaline pH values did not exhibit any effect on this parameter. Furthermore, the green/red colour parameter, the chroma and the hue angle were enhanced in the most acidic media (pH 2.3 and 3.5). From the studied salts, CaCl2 and KNO3 had the most significant effects on colour. The chokeberry extract proved to be suitable as replacement of carmoisine dye in jelly candies, as the physicochemical and microbiological properties comply with the regulated requirements. More than that, the extract improved the antioxidant and sensory properties of jellies in all studied concentrations and the best total sensory score was obtained for 1.5% extract. After 5 and 50 days of storage, the microbiological properties were improved in candies prepared with aronia extracts compared to carmoisine, as the total viable count registered important diminutions
Approaching sustainable and rural development in the NE region of Romania in a strategic context
No full textThe paper aimed to identify how to approach sustainable development in regional development strategies, having as a
case study the North-East Region, and to evaluate how to implement strategic objectives, at regional and rural level.
The paper aims to identify new strategic proposals to ensure sustainable development of rural areas, by using a system
of specific, quantifiable and representative indicators that allow, through econometric analysis, evaluation of results
and projection of the evolution of sustainable development. In the conditions of intensification, increase of plant
production, but also of rural development, as basic links of socio-economic progress, there is the problem of achieving
and maintaining the growth of agro-zootechnical production without major damage to the environment and health of
humans and other living things. of the food chain. This priority task must be addressed in the light of the concept of
sustainable agricultural development. Sustainable development is conceived as a necessity of reconciliation between
the economy and the environment, on a new path of development that supports human progress, not only in a few
places and for a few years, but everywhere and for a long future. This is in fact the only long-term alternative to the
environmental crisis generated by human society. In the 2014-2020 strategy, the EU intended to spend almost € 100
billion on rural development policy through the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). One of
the objectives of the EU's strategic framework for 2014-2020 was to place greater emphasis on delivering results.
However, efforts in this area have been faced with the eternal problem of planning a new programming period before
relevant data on expenditure and results from the previous period are available
Soluţie practică de realizare a unui sector utilitar în cadrul unei grădini private
No full textThis paper presents the solution of setting up a utility sector grown with traditional and exotic vegetables, but also aromatic and pharmaceutical utilitarian plants, necessary for the use of a household. The style of arran-gement of the utility sector is the English one, following the classic pattern of vegetable gardens, with well-defined geometric shapes, but which, in addition to the utilitarian role, also serve as a relaxation space. Thus the sector is provided with a small square in the center, with seating, a vessel of water for birds in the center and an ornamental brick wall with a waterfall in the form of a curtain. In the center of the arrangement, but also on the alley, were placed pots with flowering plants but also exotic tree species such as lemons, oranges, mandarins, etc. The utility sector will have a fence consisting of a white picket of 70 cm high that has not only an aesthetic but also a functional role, stopping the access of pets in the area. The entrance to this sector will be made through a vault with a gate, on which specimens of honeysuckle will be erected, and behind the arrangement, next to the ornamental wall with water and pool, two triads have been proposed that create an intimatebut also aestheticen-vironment, opting for their coverage with the help of specimens of improved ivy. The vegetal material is assumed to be planted in raised layers (cofferdams), made entirely of built bricks, as well as the pavement and the ornamental wall.The paper presents both the planning stage and the execution stages of this utility sectorwithin a private property in Focşani, Vrancea, during May-August 2019
Studiu comparativ al unor cultivare de bob de grădină (Vicia faba L.)
Get PDFThe broad bean is a vegetable plant known and appreciated in the peasant households of our country, where different local populations and a limited variety of homologated cultivars are cultivated. Statistics in our country do not mention the species as being of major importance to the population, although its nutritional and agrotechnical value are well known. The aim of this paper is to conduct a study on the main biometric and agroproductivity characteristics of some broad bean cultivars. The results obtained highlight the high variability of the cultivars studied in terms of plant weight and height dynamics, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the number of seeds per plant, the average weight of a broad bean seed and the average weight of seeds/plant