Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Books
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Monitoring and Evaluation Tools and Prevention of Drug and Substance Abuse in Rwanda: A Case of Nyarugenge District
No full textThe purpose of this study was to establish the extent of M&E tools and prevention of drug and substance abuse in Nyagenge District, Rwanda. The specific objectives of the research were to establish the extent to which the use of Strategic Plan on prevention of drug and Substance Abuse in Nyarugenge district, to assess the extent to which Logical Framework to the prevention of drug and substance abuse in Nyarugenge district, too evaluate extent to which Budget in the prevention of Drug and Substance Abuse in Nyarugenge district and to assess the extent to which stakeholders analysis on the prevention of Drug and Substance in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda. The descriptive research design with a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative was used to collect data by use of interview guide and questionnaire. All 168 target population was considered as sample size of the study from the staffs of Nyarugenge District involved in program implementation. The census method was applied. The collected results were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, inferential statistics were conducted. The results on the extent of Strategic Plan is used on program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention, the overall means of results was 4.17 that was between High (4) and Very High (5), which indicated that the Strategic Plan was significantly used on program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention. On the extent of Logical Framework to the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention, the overall means of results was 4.24, which indicated that the Logical Framework was significant to the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention. On the extent of stakeholders’ analysis in the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention, the overall means of results was 4.24, which indicated that the extent of stakeholders’ analysis was significant in the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention. On the extent of which Budget in the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention for Young People behavior, the overall means of results was 4.04, it presented that extent of which Budget was significant in the program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention. the relationship between (extent that the strategic plan was used, extent of logical framework, extent of stakeholders’ analysis, and extent of which budget) and program of drug and substance abuse prevention for young people behavior was .919**, .923**, and .902**, .895** respectively, and the results showed that the variables were statistically significant with F=185.419 and P-value =.000b, which concluded that there was a significant relationship between the Extent to Which M&E Tools on Program of Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention for Young people behavior in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda. The researcher recommended that the government administrations should continue to develop how they implement the strategies of preventing the drug and substance abuse for youth.
Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation Practices, Prevention of Drug Abuse and Substance, Rwand
Influence of Socio- Economic Factors on the Performance of Agricultural Projects: A Case of Rwanda Dairy Development Project, Musanze District, Rwanda
No full textThis study analyzed the influence of socioeconomic factors on the performance of agricultural projects within Musanze District. This analysis followed a noticeable underperformance of agricultural projects particularly in Musanze District. The study sought to assess the influence of education and training on the performance of agriculture projects in Musanze District, measure the influence of transportation cost on the performance of agricultural projects in Musanze District and to as well assess the influence of inflation and exchange rate on the performance of agriculture projects in Musanze District and finally, to assess the influence of capital availability on the performance of agricultural projects in Musanze District. The total population of the study was 140 respondents. These comprised of farmers, agronomists, veterinarians and project staff. Out of this population a sample size of 104 individuals was determined based on Yamane formula (1967). A mixed research approach was adopted for the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data, while descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used for the data analyses. The findings indicated that all of the four (4) socio-economic factors identified in the study significantly influenced the performance of agricultural projects within Musanze District. The test results indicated the various coefficients and significance levels of the variables as follows: education and training (β=0.536 and P < 0.05): Transport cost (β=0.748 and P < 0.05): Inflation and exchange rate (β=0.536 and P< 0.05): Capital availability (β=0.555 and P < 0.05):. The findings explicitly showed that all of the factors have statistically positive linear relationships with project performance within the Musanze District, and further emphasized the significant influence of those factors on the performance of agricultural projects within the district.
Keywords: Under performance, mixed research, quantitative, qualitative, indispensable, adaptability, statisticall
Community Engagement and Performance of Child Centered Development Project in Rwamagana, Rwanda-A case of CCDP/EPR Rwamagana
No full textThe study aimed to determine the relationship between community engagement and project performance in the Child Centered Development Project in Rwamagana District, Rwanda (CCDP). The objectives were to assess the influences of community participation on project performance, determine the influence of community knowledge and skills on project performance, and assess the influence of community accountability on project performance. The study used both descriptive and analytical research designs, with a sample size of 2056 beneficiaries. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and interviews for primary data, and documentary review for secondary data. The findings showed minimal participation from respondents in the initial stages of the project, with 47.7% stating their participation was nil and 42.9% small. However, 82% of respondents considered their leadership roles excellent or good. Most respondents believed that community level of understanding was the main factor influencing participation, with 89.1% indicating their knowledge and skills significantly influenced project performance. Additionally, 73.3% reported increased community accountability through participation in project monitoring and evaluation. The Pearson correlation between community participation, knowledge and skills, and project performance was positive and statistically significant, with varying degrees of significance. Multiple regression analysis also showed positive and significant regression coefficients, with a reported R2=0.875 indicating that community engagement significantly contributed to project performance at 87.5%. The researcher recommends that project managers conduct feasibility studies to identify key stakeholders and actively engage them in the project.
Keywords: Community Engagement, Performance Evaluation, Child-Centered Development, Rwand
Effect of Stakeholders’ Management Practices on the Performance of Social Protection Projects: A Case of Girinka Program in Musanze District, Rwanda
No full textThe purpose of this research was to assess the effect of stakeholders’ management practices on the performance of social protection projects. This study had the following specific objectives: to determine the effect of stakeholders’ identification practices on the performance of Girinka program in Musanze District, to find out the effect of stakeholders’ analysis practices on performance of Girinka program in Musanze District, to assess the effect of stakeholders communication practices on performance of Girinka program in Musanze District and to analyze the effect stakeholders’ relationship the management on the performance of Girinka program in Musanze District. The researcher conducted both descriptive and correlational studies. The research included 179 participants, including Girinka committee at the District level, Girinka Liaison Officer, the Girinka committee at the sector level and the beneficiaries’ representative at the sector level in Musanze District. The sample size is given by the help of Solvin’s formula. The stratified sampling was more appropriate for this study. Then, the number of staff was first stratified and a simple random sampling was applied. The study was delivered to 123 Participants of the Girinka program in the Musanze district with closed questions, the collectors as responders confined to certain replies or picking from a selection of options. The study applied the following tools of data collection; documentary, interview and questionnaire. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) used to perform frequency and correlation analyses. Findings revealed that there is a positive and significant effect of stakeholders’ identification practices on the performance of Girinka program in Musanze District (Beta=.1.343, P Value=0.000<0.05). There is a positive and significant effect of stakeholders’ analysis practices performance of the Girinka program in Musanze District (Beta=0.968, P Value=0.000<0.05). There is a positive and significant effect of stakeholders’ communication practices performance of the Girinka program in Musanze District (Beta=0.948, P Value=0.020<0.05). There is a positive and significant effect on stakeholders’ relationship management performance of Girinka program in Musanze District (Beta=0.955, P Value=.0.000<0.05). The study recommended that the management of Girinka program should organize collaborative workshops involving diverse stakeholders to collectively prioritize their interests, fostering a comprehensive understanding of needs and concerns.
Keywords: Stakeholders’ Management, Social Protection & Project Performance
Relationship between Visionary Leadership and implementation of Change Management strategies in Private Secondary Schools in Nairobi County
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine and explore the relationship between visionary leadership and the implementation of change management strategies in private secondary schools in Nairobi County. This study attempts to explicate and test the key role of visionary leadership in bringing and implementing change in organizations. A test of the hypotheses was done using bivariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study targeted the principals, teachers and school administrators from 108 private secondary schools. The study used both probability and non-probability sampling procedures. The sample size of this study was five hundred and thirteen (n=513) respondents. The study collected data from teachers and school administrators using questionnaires, and from principals using interview guides. Questionnaires were distributed both physically and through emails. The research instruments were tested by two experts for content, trustworthiness and face validity, and another test was done for data reliability. Data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis approaches following the research questions. For quantitative data, descriptive and inferential statistics was used for analysis; Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26 was used to code data and conduct analysis. From the analysis, the study concluded that visionary leadership has an effect on the implementation of change management strategies in the private secondary schools. The study recommended that top management need to encourage employees to share their opinion and be part of every creative process in the private secondary schools.
Key Words: Visionary Leadership, Implementation of change management strategies, private secondary school
Correspondence Course Program and Teacher Achievement at Kigali-Rwanda
No full textThe study was mainly about the effects of correspondence course program and teachers’ achievement in Kigali city and was leaded by the following objectives. To examine the effect of correspondence course program and teachers’ achievement in Kigali city, To examine the problems faced by teachers undertaking correspondence course or learning program in Kigali city and To investigate ways through which we can reduce on the problems facing correspondence course program Kigali city. The study was majorly evaluative and mainly qualitative in nature although for the purposes of accuracy and clarity, some quantitative aspects were used. The study comprised of 227 respondents who included 10 community leaders, 193 students, 17 teachers 3 head teachers, 2 representatives from NGOs 12 civil servants who included chief administrative officers from Gasabo, Kicukiro, Nyarugenge districts and Kigali city development officer 5 education officers who included the district inspector of schools and Kigali city education officer plus 20 parents whom their children were undertaking correspondence course program. Therefore, the target population of 350 selected from three sectors of Kigali city made a sample size of 227 which was selected using purposive sampling and simple random sampling. This reseracher embraced a survey investigate plan which utilized surveys as disobedient of information collection and guided meet. Information were displayed and examined into tables and graphs applying expressive insights (Frequencies, rates and cruel) as well as utilizing SPSS bundle. 95% of the respondents who were inquired said that correspondence course program in Kigali City is confronted by Tall steady loss/ dropout rates. 73% of the respondents whom the analyst caught up with said that correspondence course Advances great learning involvement where by learners are free to connected with other individuals within the communities where they take off and within the dialects that they get it superior. This has made them be advanced to distinctive levels in numerous zones where they work.
Keywords: Correspondence course program, teacher achievemen
Policy Guidelines to Mitigate the Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic towards the Reproductive Healthcare System in Kenya: A Review
No full textThe first case of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The virus was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 11, 2020. In East Africa, Kenya was leading with 250,000 cases as at October 30th 2021. The Ministry of Health (MoH) was tasked with responding to the pandemic to contain the spread. This was a qualitative study and the study objectives included; determining how decision-making process occurs, strategies to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 to the reproductive health care system, exploring the role of the ad-hoc committee of experts and the COVID-19 Task Force in the response and finding out the factors that policy actors consider when formulating policies. Taguette Software was used to analyze the data qualitatively. The study findings from key informants and document analysis established that, leadership, coordination and collaboration from the different sectors for the COVID-19 response was key. Societal values influenced policy decisions. The study established that, where major political elites had most power, policy was actioned. The MoH should develop contextualized mitigation plans to sustain service provision; focusing on capacity strengthening of providers on emergency responses, task shifting and tele-health. Policy guidelines should be continuously updated to reflect the current status at the national and sub-national levels. In conclusion, the health policy triangle provided a framework for simplifying the complex and dynamic nature of policy making but little consideration to other aspects that describe how and why policies are modified were considered. This needs to be exhaustive.
Keywords: COVID-19, Reproductive Healthcare System, Guidelines, Mitigation, Decision Making, Policy Action, Kenya & Task Forc
Impact of China’s Foreign Direct Investment on The Rwandan Economic Growth
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the exact impact in quantitative terms of China’s FDI on the Economic development of the African continent with reference to Rwanda. The target population comprised 10 staff members of National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda, Rwanda Development Board, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, United Nations (UN) Statistics, and World Bank's World Development Indicators. The sample size was 10 key informants. The researcher used questionnaire, interview guide and desk review as data analysis tools. The SPSS was used to analyze data into descriptive and inferential statistics. Results discover that in Rwanda a foreign direct investment depends on the consumer prices index. The study found out that 54.3% agreed with the consumer prices index, foreign direct investment is influenced by owner-occupiers' housing costs as it was evidenced by 62.8%, it was seen the retail prices index, where 56.7% agreed. Correlation analysis between the Owner-occupiers' housing costs and economic growth show a significant correlation between owner-occupiers' housing costs and job creation (r=.206; p-value=.000). This was statistically correlated given the p value was <0.005 proposing that increase in owner-occupiers' housing costs has led to a job creation in Rwanda. The study demonstrated that 64.6% agreed that the nominal effective exchange influence foreign direct investment, 45.1% strongly agreed with the real effective exchange rate. Correlation results felt that choice of price or cost felt that it is significantly correlated with a growth domestic product (r=0.123*; p value=0.034). The study sought to evaluate the effect of Balance of Trade on the economic growth of Rwanda. The study evidenced that participants agreed that the financial account statements by 55.5% while the study found that capital account is affecting foreign direct investment. It was shown by 53.0%. Results show a significant correlation between capital account and poverty reduction (r=0.105, p-value=0.071). The correlations were statistically significant given that the p value was < 0.05 proposing that an increase in capital account was insignificant with the economic growth and vice versa. The study concludes that inflation rate, exchange rate and balance of trade and thus FDI, have a significance effect on the economic growth in Rwanda. The study recommends that foreign direct investment strategies could be adopted in everyday activities. It would be appropriate to consider most favored nation and trade liberalization and investment as a criteria of exporting companies for improving economic growth. Future research can be conducted using longitudinal research to identify factors which contribute to economic growth.
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Rwanda
Effect of Humanitarian Assistance for Vulnerable Communities on Social Welfare of Refugees in Rwanda: A Case of Mahama Refugee Camp
No full textHumanitarian assistance continues to assist Rwandan refugees who select to voluntarily repatriate their children. Mahama camp experienced clean water supply which was below standards (at an average of 13.8 liters per person per day as compared to the standard of 20 liters per person per day), there was a lack of school facilities (60 students per classroom), and there were recurrent challenges in maintaining the provision of food assistance, land scarcity resulted in the congestion of refugee camps and limited opportunities for agricultural projects, and reduced support for self-reliance activities, with under 17,000 refugees engaged in income-generating activities during the year. Therefore, they are often very reliant on overseas aid, now they are no longer capable to enhance their resilience skills or preserve support livelihoods. Therefore, this study examined the effect of humanitarian assistance for vulnerable communities on social welfare of refugees in Rwanda. The specific objective of this study was to examine the implementation of humanitarian assistance for vulnerable communities in Mahama Refugee Camp; to assess the satisfaction level in refugees’ welfare and to identify weaknesses in the acquisition of basic needs in Mahama Refugee Camp. The descriptive (quantitative and qualitative) and analytical research design was used in this study; the sample size is 100 respondents from 54000 population and using simple random sampling techniques. The data collected was coded and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 was used for data entry and analysis, statistical tools were used including frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation. The implementation of humanitarian assistance for vulnerable communities by 4.15 of overall mean, the satisfaction level in Refugee welfare by 4.12 of overall mean and the weaknesses in acquisition of basic needs by 2.9 of overall mean. As recommendation, they should provide way of solving same challenges such as food security, security and water and sanitation.
Keywords: Humanitarian Assistance, Vulnerable Communities, Social Welfare, Mahama Refugee Camp, Rwand
Transparency and Policy Implementation in the Public Sector in Singapore
No full textTransparency is a crucial element in the successful implementation of policies within the public sector. It ensures accountability and fosters trust between the government and the citizens it serves. By providing clear and accessible information about policy decisions, objectives, and outcomes, transparency allows for greater public participation and input. It also enables the evaluation of policy effectiveness and the identification of areas for improvement. Ultimately, a transparent approach to policy implementation in the public sector enhances governance and promotes a more inclusive and responsive government. The Singapore has implemented various transparency measures in its public sector. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) allows citizens to access government-held information, promoting accountability and trust. The government's proactive release of information on policies, budgets, and public services enhances transparency and public participation. Singapore's government employs evidence-based decision-making to drive policy implementation. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 110 Governments’ parastatals in Singapore. The study did sampling of 90 respondents that were chosen from the target population of 110 Governments’ parastatals in Singapore. Questionnaires were used to gather the data. The study concluded that stakeholder engagement during policy formulation ensures diverse perspectives are considered, leading to more inclusive and legitimate policy outcomes. Public awareness and understanding of policies are vital for meaningful citizen participation. The study recommended that to further improve transparency, the Singaporean government should focus on enhancing information accessibility to the public. Efforts should also be made to simplify complex policy language to enhance public understanding. The Singaporean government should prioritize efforts to streamline interagency coordination and clarify roles and responsibilities during policy implementation. There should also be implementation of comprehensive communication and public education strategies to enhance public awareness and understanding of policies.
Keywords: Transparency, Policy Implementation, Public Sector, Singapor