Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Books
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Stakeholders’ Engagement in Planning Practices and Societal Needs Achievement in Rwanda’s Secondary Education.A Case of Kayonza District, Eastern Rwanda
No full textThe purpose of the study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of engaging various stakeholders in planning for secondary education in Rwanda oriented to meeting societal needs. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 5 District Education officials, 189 teachers, 2680 parents, 2680 students, and 10 faith-based organization representatives. The researcher used a non-probability sampling technique, specifically purposive sampling, to select a sample of respondents. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 21. The findings of the study showed that there is no inclusion in stakeholder engagement for secondary school planning practices. The study also found that societal needs increase as long as stakeholders are fully, inclusively, and comprehensively engaged. The study also found that parents and teachers engage in curriculum development, training, monitoring, and technology integration. Students engage in teacher in-service training and ICT tool usage. The study also found that diverse stakeholder engagement aligns with sustainable development goals. Stakeholder engagement contributes to improved societal needs like a skilled workforce, improved standards of living, senior six engagement, and poverty reduction. The study also found a strong positive correlation between engagement in educational planning practices and societal needs achievement. Regression analysis confirmed significant positive effects of stakeholder engagement on societal needs achievement. The study concluded that inclusive and comprehensive stakeholder engagement is crucial to align education with societal needs, enhancing educational policies' effectiveness and relevance. The study recommended the following: encourage inclusive stakeholder engagement and clear communication channels. Conduct capacity-building programs for stakeholders. Implement systematic evaluation processes to adapt and improve planning practices. Foster collaboration between all educational stakeholders. Conduct further studies to build a strong and quality education and boost a national education-based economy.
Keywords: Stakeholders’ Engagement, Planning Practices, Societal Needs, Rwanda’s Secondary Education, Kayonza Distric
Relationship between Instructional Materials Utilization and Learners' Academic Achievement in Public Nursery Schools in Nyamagabe District, Rwanda
No full textInstructional materials utilization plays crucial role in education sector worldwide since they contribute to both learners' discipline as well as their academic achievement. The purpose of this study therefore, sought to determine the relationship between instructional materials utilization and learners ‘academic achievement in public nursery schools in Nyamagabe District in Rwanda. The study employed a correlation research design. The study focused on a target population of 240 individuals, and a sample size of 150 respondents was obtained using Slovin's formula. Data collection instruments such as questionnaires and guided interviews were utilised. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the quantitative data using Statistical Product and Services Solution Version 21 (IBM SPSS) software. The findings revealed that instructional materials are used in nursery schools at 63 percent as it was confirmed by teachers of that section. It was also noted that 62.3 percent of teachers agreed that there is low learners’ academic achievement in public nursery schools located in Nyamagabe district while head teachers indicated that learners’ academic achievement in public nursery schools is low when compared to private schools. The study revealed that the use of instructional materials positively influences learners’ academic achievement at rate between 107.3 percent. The study concludes that there is a significant and positive relationship between the utilization of instructional materials and the academic achievement of students in public nursery schools located in Nyamagabe District, Rwanda. The findings indicate that when teachers make effective use of instructional materials, such as flashcards, picture books, and various educational resources, students tend to perform better academically. The study recommends that educational authorities and intervening people should provide instructional materials and make effective set up that should enhance learners’ achievement. The researcher suggests that further research may be done to instructional materials utilization on learners ‘readiness to primary education in public nursery schools in Rwanda so as to come up with comparative analysis.
Keywords: Instructional materials, learners’ academic achievement, nursery schools and public school
Effects of Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) Policy on the Cost of Imported Cargo Transport in Kenya
No full textThe paper investigated the effects of SGR cargo transportation policy on the cost of cargo transportation in Kenya. Descriptive research design using cross-sectional survey and concurrent mixed methods were employed. Primary data was obtained from freight forwarding companies and cargo owners and key informants in imported cargo transport sector. In realizing the study objectives, univariate, multivariate, cross tabulations and multinomial logit regression were adopted. The study established that enforcement of SGR cargo transportation had substantially increased the cost of transporting imported cargo from the port of Mombasa to the final destination through increases in last mile transport costs, return of empty container costs and demurrage charges. The paper recommends designing of costing model for SGR, which takes into account last mile transport costs and costs of returning empty containers to Mombasa port, this is in consultation with industry players. Kenya Railways Corporation to consider partnering with private trucking companies to provide last mile cargo transport services from ICD to Nairobi metropolis. SGR to provide return of empty containers services to the port of Mombasa for all containers that are transported through it; enhanced efficiency in cargo clearance at Nairobi Inland Container Depot; negotiate with shipping lines for more free days before imposing demurrage charges. Lastly, cargo owners should re-align their cargo transportation arrangements to SGR by prompt arrangements for documentation requirements and advance organization for last mile transportation services
Examining the Investigative Capacity of the Ombudsman in Addressing Administrative Justice in Kenya
No full textThis study was conducted to assess the investigative capacity of the Commission on Administrative Justice (CAJ) also known as Office of the Ombudsman, Kenya, in ensuring administrative justice. The study appreciated that the core mandate of CAJ is to ensure administrative justice in the Kenyan public sector through investigating cases of maladministration. The study aimed to fill a gap where previous studies undertaken have focused on the general mandate of the institution whereas this study focused on its investigative mandate. The study adopts that a major determinant of the investigative capacity is the legal framework underpinning the Ombudsman. As such, the objective of the study was to examine how the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigative function affects its capacity to ensure administrative justice. The study was guided by the agency and accountability theories. The research was conducted at the Commission’s headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and employed a descriptive study design. Data was collected through questionnaires to the respondents and an analysis of investigation records was also conducted. Census survey and purposive sampling were employed in selecting the respondents while probability sampling was employed in the selection of investigation records for analysis. Secondary data in form of reports, legal instruments, and court judgments were also reviewed and analysed. Statistical packages for social sciences as well as advanced excel were used to analyse quantitative data while qualitative data was analysed and arranged according to thematic areas. A spearman correlation test was undertaken and results indicated a positive relationship between investigative capacity of the Ombudsman and its achievement of administrative justice. The study found that the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigations is insufficient and in that regard it was recommended that the CAJ Act, 2011 be amended to empower the Ombudsman to enforce recommendations arising from its investigations.
Keywords: Ombudsman, legal framework, administrative justice, investigative capacit
Wage Inequality and Worker Turnover Intention
No full textThis paper examines the relationship between wage inequality and worker turnover intention. Wage inequality is measured in terms of pay disparity and discriminatory promotion, while worker turnover intention is measured in employee absenteeism and job search. This paper is designed as a theoretical review that provides a conceptual framework detailing the direction and the nature of the relationship between the variables. From the literature reviewed, it was revealed that wage inequality positively correlates with worker turnover intention. All the dimensions of wage inequality, pay disparity, and discriminatory promotion positively correlate with worker turnover intention measures of employee absenteeism and job search. The study, therefore, concludes that wage inequality predicts worker turnover intention. The study recommends that organizations should administer fair and equal pay and promotion, ensuring equal treatment of employees in wage and promotion administration in the workplace.
Keywords: Wage, Inequality, Worker, Turnover, Intentio
Remote Working and Employment Relations in the Chemical and Non-Metallic Industry in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
No full textThis study examined the relationship between Remote working and Employment Relations in the Chemical and Non-Metallic Industry in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to find out how employees of the Industry stayed connected while on the job in the face of remote working. The study population was the two (2) companies in the Chemical and non-metallic industry in Port Harcourt. A census sampling technique was adopted. The instrument that was used to gather the data was the Interview Guide. The instrument was tested for validity, using the peer review method and reliability was ensured by maintaining consistency of interview questions throughout the research. Data for the study was presented in diagrams and paragraphs and analyzed using the QSR NVivo. Data showed that there is no relationship between the Remote Working and Employment Relations, but showed a relationship between a child node of Remote Working and an outlier (health challenges and other special circumstances). The Chemical and Non-Metallic industry in Port Harcourt did not transit to remote work like most of the industries in the world did in 2019, except in special circumstances that could include health challenges of employees. The result indicated that remote work has not been adopted in the Chemical and Non-Metallic industry but a hybrid work model is introduced gradually and when necessary, which means that employment contract, workplace rules, workplace grievances and disputes settlements did not have the need to change. Since the industry is yet to adopt remote working, but is gradually tilting towards the adoption and utilization of the hybrid work model, it is recommended that organizations in the industry should prepare for the future by drafting a prospective employment contract model, to cover potential organizational changes when the industry goes hybrid or totally remote.
Keywords: Remote Working, Employment Relations, Co-working spaces, Hybrid working, Employment Contract, Employment Parties, Government
Career Development and Employee Performance in Public Institutions in Rwanda: Case of Rwanda Housing Authority
No full textThis research looked at career development system through the lenses of personal growth, advancement and challenging responsibilities against Quality of services, Task’s completion, Team work, Dependability and reliability and Creativity of employee performance in Rwanda’s public institutions, with the Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) case study. It was grounded on the Hertzberg and Vroom Expectancy Theories of career development. The study adopted a mixed design, combining a descriptive quantitative and a phenomenology qualitative design. The target population consisted of 108 respondents from whom 85 were statistically drawn using Yamane 1967 formula. The study found that majority of respondents believe RHA offers significant career growth opportunities and maintains an active career planning policy. The average response score of 4.45 suggests that respondents generally believe that career development efforts at RHA effectively influence employee performance. The regression analysis further quantifies this relationship, demonstrating that career development accounts for 42% of the variation in employee performance, reinforcing the crucial role that such initiatives play. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) corroborates this strong correlation, exhibiting statistical significance that points to career development as a substantial influencer of performance. In terms of specific impact, the coefficient of career development, 0.588, indicates that for every unit increase in career development, there is a near 0.6 unit increase in staff performance. The study recommends it is crucial to significantly invest in and emphasize career development initiatives, considering their key role in enhancing employee performance. These initiatives should include personalized career development plans, mentorship programs, and regular training sessions for all employees. Regular performance reviews and feedback sessions can help identify areas of improvement and direct career development efforts. Furthermore, all employees, regardless of their roles, should have equal access to these career development opportunities, promoting a sense of fairness and building a skilled workforce. It's also important to view career development as a central aspect of strategies aimed at employee retention, given its positive impact on performance and job satisfaction. Lastly, organizations should continually evaluate the effectiveness of career development initiatives, making adjustments as necessary to ensure their impact on performance improvement is maximized.
Keywords: Career Development, Employee Performance, Personal Growth, Responsibilities, Quality of Services, Task’s Completion, Team Work, Dependability, Reliability and Creativit
Competence and Employees Attitude in Private Hospitals in Colorado State, USA
No full textCompetence refers to the combination of knowledge, skills, and abilities that enables somebody to perform a particular task or function effectively. It is a measure of an individual's capability to execute the necessary actions to achieve a desired outcome in a particular context. Competence can be demonstrated through various means, including formal education, professional certification, on-the-job experience, and performance evaluations. Competent workers are essential for providing exceptional quality services that attract and keep consumers. Employee attitude refers to an individual's overall disposition or emotional outlook towards their work, colleagues, and the firm they work for. Employee attitude can be influenced by a range of factors, including personal experiences, job satisfaction, work environment, and leadership style. The study found that competent employees are more productive, innovative, and adaptable, leading to better work quality, improved customer satisfaction, and increased profitability for the organization. Employers who prioritize competence and employee attitude in their workforce stand to benefit from higher productivity, improved quality of work, and a more positive organizational culture. The study concluded that competence and employee attitude are both critical factors in the success of any organization. To ensure that competence and employee attitude are fostered in the workplace, organizations should prioritize training and development, provide opportunities for career advancement and growth, and create a positive and supportive work culture. The study recommended that private hospitals should prioritize competence when recruiting and promoting employees by emphasizing the necessary skills, knowledge, and experience required for the role. Employers should provide constructive feedback and recognition to employees who demonstrate competence and a positive attitude towards their work. Employers should lead by example by exhibiting the same competence and positive attitude they expect from their employees.
Keywords: Competence, Employees Attitude, Private Hospitals, Colorad
Exploring the Impact of Cultural Heritage on Destination Branding and Tourist Experiences: Perspective from South Korea
No full textThis study explored the impact of cultural heritage on destination branding and tourist experiences, using South Korea as a case study. South Korea, a country rich in cultural heritage, offers a unique opportunity to examine the integration of traditional culture into destination branding strategies and the resultant effects on tourist experiences. This research employed both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including surveys of tourists, interviews with tourism professionals, and content analysis of promotional materials. The findings suggest that South Korea's cultural heritage significantly contributes to its destination branding. The study indicated that South Korea’s unique cultural heritage elements, such as historic sites, traditional festivals, arts, cuisine, and lifestyle, are prominently featured in its branding strategies. These components help to differentiate South Korea from other destinations, fostering a unique image that appeals to both domestic and international tourists. Moreover, the study demonstrates that cultural heritage considerably enhances tourist experiences. The authenticity and diversity of South Korea’s cultural heritage evoke feelings of novelty and curiosity among tourists, enriching their experiences. The cultural heritage sites and activities enable tourists to immerse themselves in the local culture, promoting cultural understanding and appreciation. However, the study also points out potential challenges, including over-tourism and the commodification of culture, which could threaten the integrity and authenticity of cultural heritage. In conclusion, this research reaffirms the profound impact of cultural heritage on destination branding and tourist experiences. It provides valuable insights for destination marketers and policymakers in South Korea and other destinations with rich cultural heritage, on how to effectively utilize cultural heritage for destination branding, improve tourist experiences, and promote sustainable tourism.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Destination Branding, Tourist Experiences, South Korea, Heritage Tourism, Cultural Authenticity, Sustainable Tourism Developmen
Information Management Technology and Customer Satisfaction in the Hospitality Industry in Kenya
No full textInformation management technology in the hospitality industry remain critical area of study; nonetheless, it has become an integral part of people’s daily lives. ICT and by extension IMT are everywhere with major economic sectors adopting the technique to enhance their operations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of hospitality information management technology in enhancing competitiveness through customer satisfaction in Kenya with a focus on five 5-star hotels in Nairobi. The study aimed at investigating how IMT enhanced consumer product awareness, service quality, and employee performance toward customer satisfaction. The study mostly used open-ended questionnaires administered to 91 participants who involved employees and customers of the 5 hotels. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively using Excel and presented through charts and narrative form. The response rate was 84%. Findings from the study indicated that product awareness, service quality, and employee performance enhance customer satisfaction within the hotel sector. The study recommended that managers in the hospitality sector design better ways of using IMT to ensure competitive advantage. Suggestions are made on further research should focus on the role played by IMT in enhancing customer preference and buying behaviours, using in-depth approaches in other service sub-sectors like tour operators and travel agents.
Keywords: Awareness, Competitive advantage, Customer satisfaction, Information management technology, Service quality