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Health Project Implementation Processes and Performance Efficiency in Rwanda: A Case Study of the HIV Case Based Surveillance Program in Mayange Health Centre, Bugesera District
No full textThe efficient implementation of health projects is critical to improving the quality of healthcare services and achieving positive health outcomes. However, many factors can influence the performance efficiency of these projects, making it challenging to achieve the desired results. This study aims to investigate the factors that affect the performance efficiency of health projects, with a specific focus on the implementation of the HIV case-based surveillance program at Mayange Health Centre. The study has several objectives, including evaluating the effect of service delivery processes, project responsiveness processes, and accessibility processes on performance efficiency. A mixed-method strategy was used, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. The study involved 83 respondents; 2 managers, 13 staff, and 68 beneficiaries selected from the CBS program in the health center. The findings of the study shaded light on the variables that can affect the outcome of health projects and guide future initiatives to enhance the provision of healthcare in environments like these. Semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection, while SPSS was used for data analysis. It was found that positive relationship between independent variables namely service delivery, responsiveness and accessibility and dependent variable in this case the performance efficiency of the HIV case based surveillance program in Mayange health Centre because of their correlation coefficients of .944, .761 and .719 respectively and that is statistically significant since the Sig. (2-tailed) P-value of .000 is less than 0.01. The study recommends that the project management team should provide adequate finances for project implementation, and capacity building for project efficiency. The study recommends that health centers should frequently organize regular training on project factors that influence the performance efficiency. It was concluded that service delivery, responsiveness and accessibility greatly influence the performance efficiency of the HIV case based surveillance program in Mayange health Centre.
Keywords: Health Project, Implementation Processes, Performance Efficiency, Service Delivery Processes, Project Responsiveness Processes, Accessibility Processes
Monitoring and Evaluation Practices and Project Performance in International Organizations: A Case of Prism Implemented by Heifer International Rwanda, Musanze District
No full textThe study aimed to assess the influence of monitoring and evaluation practices and project performance in international organizations, the case of PRISM implemented by Heifer International Rwanda in the Musanze district. The specific objectives of the study were to: assess the influence of stakeholders’ participation in monitoring and evaluation practices and performance of PRISM in Musanze district, examine the influence of technical expertise in monitoring and evaluation practices and performance of PRISM in Musanze District, and determine the influence of management engagement in monitoring and evaluation practices and performance of PRISM in Musanze District. The total population is 195, made of beneficiaries of PRISM, Technical staff of PRISM, Heifer International Rwanda programs manager, and PRISM country manager. The granular formula is used to determine the sample size equal to 137. The study employed both purposive and stratified sampling strategies as sampling techniques. Data collection instruments were questionnaires and interviews, while SPSS was employed to edit, clean, and analyze quantitative data and on the other hand, content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The results showed a highly positive relationship between monitoring and evaluation practices and project performance implemented by international organizations. Stakeholders’ participation in monitoring and evaluation has 0.987 correlations with project performance. Technical expertise in monitoring and evaluation has 0.977 correlations with project performance, and management engagement in monitoring and evaluation has 0.959 correlations with project performance. Regression analysis revealed that a combination of stakeholder participation, technical expertise and management engagement contributes up to 93.6% to the performance of PRISM. This implies that the combination of all these independent variables contributes significantly to the performance of projects implemented by international organizations.
Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation Practices, Project Performance, International Organizations, Prism Implemented, Heifer International Rwanda
 
Project Management Practices and Implementation of Non-Governmental Organization Projects in Kakamega County, Kenya
No full textMost projects by the organizations were not implemented due to limited funds, low uptake of technology by staff, high risks in handling cash from the field to office and low capacity among staff whom it had informally recruited on its inception in Kenya. Motivated by that, this study determined the influence of critical success factors on the implementation of Non-Governmental Organization projects in Kakamega County, Kenya particularly focusing on the level of funding and risk management on project management. Descriptive research design was employed and the target population comprised of the project management staffs at the firm head offices in Kakamega Town. This study was anchored on the Agile Project Management, Systemic Approach Theory, Novelty, Complexity, Technology and Pace “Diamond” Theory as well as the Uncertainty Reduction Theory. The research used a descriptive and an explanatory research design given the nature. It targeted a total of 87 projects by the organizations based in Kakamega where project management personnel at the NGO head offices in Kakamega Town, with a sample size of 206 determined using the Yamane formula and sampled through stratified simple procedures. The study collected quantitative data through structured questionnaires and analyzed through inferential and descriptive methods. The findings indicated that the project management practices, that is, funding, risk management, ICT adoption and training have a significant and positive association with project implementation among NGOs. These findings led to the recommendation that project managers of the NGOs projects in Kakamega county to implement effective funds management practices to ensure adequacy, diversity, and consistent disbursement. Project managers of the NGOs projects in Kakamega county should also enhance their investment in ICT adoption to improve their ICT skills, hardware, and software development.
Keywords: Project Management, Implementation, Non-Governmental Organization Projects, Kakamega County, Kenya
 
Project Planning Practices and Performance of Pension Funds Project in Rwanda: A Case of Housing Projects Constructed by Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB)
No full textThe general objective of this study was to examine the effect of investment strategies on the performance of pension fund projects, specifically focusing on project planning practices and the performance of housing projects constructed by Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB). The study was anchored in systems theory of change, agency theory, the theory of planning, and stewardship theory, which were linked to the study variables. Both descriptive and correlational research designs were employed to establish an effective sample size for the research variables. The target population consisted of 148 individuals, and a sample size of 109 respondents was determined using the Yamane formula. Simple random and purposive sampling methods were used for recruitment. To ensure the validity and reliability of the data, this study utilized primary data obtained through pilot-tested questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. SPSS software was utilized for data analysis. The results for the first objective indicated that 56 (53.8%) respondents accepted that RSSB has an adequate number of personnel. Additionally, 60.6% agreed on the effectiveness of the training programs, and 78.8% agreed on the cost of human resource utilization. Results for the second objective showed that 65.7% strongly agreed that RSSB has an approved budget, and 73.1% agreed with forecasted expenses. The third objective's findings revealed that 68.3% agreed with order placement, 76.0% agreed with the availability of the right materials, and 64.4% agreed with project scope. Positive correlations were found between order placement and project quality management (r=0.711, p-value=0.000), time management (r=0.701, p-value=0.00), and cost management (r=0.885, p-value=0.000). Regarding the fourth objective, positive correlations were observed between project time targets and project quality management (r=0.798, p-value=0.000), time management (r=0.793, p-value=0.00), and cost management (r=0.740, p-value=0.000). Results for the project implementation stage indicated a positive association with project quality management (r=0.425, p-value=0.000), time management (r=0.450, p-value=0.000), and cost management (r=0.267, p-value=0.00). Based on the findings, the study recommends that senior staff establish effective project planning practices by involving all stakeholders in the planning process. It is also recommended that RSSB staff members improve project team management to enhance the performance of house construction projects undertaken by RSSB. Future research should be conducted on project implementation practices in different sectors of study.
Keywords: Human resource planning, financial resource planning, material usage planning, time management, performance, housing projects, Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB
Electricity Access Project Services and Community Development in Rwanda; A Case of EPC Project in Burera District
No full textThe overall goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between electricity access project services and community development. The study's three main goals were to determine the impact of electricity connection services, the effect of electricity maintenance services, and the relationship between electricity vending services and community development in Rwanda using the example of the EPC project in Burera District. The research project is a significant to different stakeholders including public administration, management and business development partners, future academicians, lecturers, researcher himself and the community in general. For data collection via interview and questionnaire, the researcher employed a descriptive study design that combined qualitative and quantitative data. The total population was 4,291 and designed a sample size of 393 in which the researcher used census for all 24 staff and 4 stakeholders, and then simple random sampling of 365 respondents from 4,263 project beneficiaries. The researcher presented the data in tables and used descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with mean, standard deviation, and Chi-square to examine the findings. The researcher found that electricity access is one of the ways that facilitated community development in Rwanda and that there is good electricity connection services in Rwanda, mean 3.75; good electricity maintenance services in Rwanda, mean 3.55 and good electricity vending services in Rwanda, mean 3.45; statistically sign=0.000<0.05. The role of electricity access on community development include enabling income generation activities, enhancing improved health and education services. The effects of electricity maintenance services on community development include effects from power interruptions such as reduction of working duration, increasing cost of production, fall on quality of products and services, damage of appliances, and that unreliable power affect most health sector, followed by businesses and education services. Electricity vending services and community development in Rwanda are positively correlated in the way that it is easy to buy electricity through private telecommunication companies and banks; good tariff for residential households, industry and health facilities enables community development. On contrary, the researcher noticed a negative relationship in terms of encouraging small businesses and education facilities that have high electricity tariff, in turn play less contribution on community development in Rwanda. The researcher concluded that though electricity access is not the sole indicator, it has been one among the pillars that contributed on community development in Rwanda. The researcher argued that the country should continue the plan of electrification for all, enforcing mostly in those areas with big impact including industries, commercial centers, small enterprises, health and education facilities and other productive uses that contribute more to the living standards of the community, and commended quality of power supply and affordable electricity tariff to stimulate community development.
Keywords: Connection Services, Maintenance Services, Vending Services, Burera District, Rwand
Effect of Quality Control on Implementation of Construction Projects in Rwanda: A Case Study of Horizon Construction Ltd, Gikondo to Rebero Road (2019-2022)
No full textSince the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development, project sustainability is increasingly becoming a critical element in project management. The increasing need for new project interventions means that donors are not prepared to keep investing scarce resources in the same projects for a long time, which calls for prioritization of sustainability throughout the project processes. This research project is based on a research project carried out in the horizon construction, focusing on effect of quality control in implementation of construction projects in Rwanda: the research has the following objectives: to find out factors consider in Plan qualities of project in horizon construction, to view the Perform quality assurance in monitoring and controlling of project, to view the Perform quality control help in executing of project. The researcher described the definition of key term and also usage of Project quality management, Competitive market and research used a sample size of 106 respondents from in horizon construction finance department and top management. The research was use questionnaires to collect data Then research conclude by saying that help in evaluating of the performance of business as well as certifying areas of improvement in horizon construction. Project quality management is performed to know the company Competitive market, investment profitability projections, and understanding the corporate financial position in terms of asset and liability comparisons from the balance sheet. Table presents the respondents opinion on reason of The visibility of the premise are checked to assure the availability of the premises, Rwanda with the mean of 4.42 percentage 93.4% Research findings also shows The major reason of quality control strategy in horizon construction are Perform Quality Assurance with mean of 4.43 at the average of 91.5%. Competitive market as dependent variable for this study is made during investment analysis to accept or reject a project by looking at reporting of the project management on profit and loss as well as calculate net present values of a project.
Keywords: Quality Control, Implementation of Constructio
Stakeholder’s Engagement and Performance of Urban Informal Settlement Upgrading Project in Kigali City; A Case of Mpazi Project, Nyarugenge District
No full textThe purpose of this research was to analyze the stakeholder’s engagement and performance of the urban informal settlement-upgrading project in Kigali in a case of Mpazi Project in Nyarugenge District. The objectives of the study were to assess how the stakeholder’s engagement in project identification contribute on the performance of urban informal settlement upgrading project in Mpazi, examine how stakeholders engagement in project planning contribute on the performance of Mpazi informal settlement upgrading project and ascertain how stakeholders engagement in project implementation contribute on the project performance of Mpazi informal settlement upgrading. The study used descriptive case study research based on quantitative and qualitative approaches to get a better insight into the study. The target population was 550, from which a sample size of 110 was drawn using the stratified sampling technique. The test-retest method was used to find out the reliability of instruments. The gathered information was coded and investigated utilizing the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software version 21. On stakeholder’s engagement in project identification, the overall means of results was 4.204 that is between high (4) and very high (5), it presents that the stakeholder’s engagement in project identification contributes on project performance. The correlation between stakeholder’s engagement in project identification and project performance was 0.925 and statistically significant with p value=0.000b. It presents that there was a high positive correlation between stakeholder’s engagement in project identification and project performance. On the stakeholder’s engagement in project planning, the overall means of results was 4.163 that is between high (4) and very high (5), it presents that the stakeholder’s engagement in project planning contribute on project performance. The correlation between stakeholder’s engagement in project planning and project performance was 0.956 and statistically significant with p value=0.000b. It presents that there was a high positive correlation between stakeholder’s engagement in project planning and project performance. On the stakeholder’s engagement in project implementation, the overall means of results was 4.417 that is between high (4) and very high (5), it presents that the stakeholder’s engagement in project implementation contributes on the project performance. The correlation between stakeholder’s engagement in project implementation and project performance was 0.913 and not statistically significant with p value=0.146b. The study concludes that there were a high positive correlation between stakeholder’s engagement and project performance of urban informal settlement upgrading project of Mpazi Project, in Nyarugenge District. The study recommends that project manager should consider the voices from stakeholders in process of taken decisions during project designs and implementation. Stakeholders' engagement in urban informal settlement upgrading projects should be actively promoted and facilitated.
Keywords: Stakeholder’s Engagement, Performance, Informal Settlement Upgrading Project, Mpazi Project, Kigali City
Impact of Drug Abuse on Performance of Gymnasium Students in Germany
No full textThe education stakeholders in Germany acknowledge that alcohol and drug abuse among students are significant barriers to achieving academic goals. Alcohol and drug abuse are also related to an increase in other risky actions such as early sexual conduct, drunk driving, physical violence and truancy. Drug abuse in schools, particularly illicit drugs in high school, has long been a topic of concern. Thus, the study sought to examine the impact of drug abuse on the performance of college students in Germany. The study was literature-based and the inferences were based on the verdicts from the prior studies. The study results showed that drug abuse has a negative impact on performance. Drugs and alcohol are some of the most detrimental yet most common disruptions in teenage brain development. They manipulate the brain's wiring and affect how it processes and retains information, including how a teen thinks, focuses, learns, remembers, and concentrates inside and outside school. Drugs can impair teens' cognitive development and affect students' performance in school: reduce their ability to memorize things, poor concentration in the classroom and deficiency of prioritization of assignments. The study recommended that secondary school administrators develop a well-integrated learner surveillance system throughout school environments. Moreover, the government introduce life skills training in the syllabus to teach learners how to resist indulgence in drug abuse. Schools need to develop policies that promote participation in learning by creating environments that make it satisfying and interesting. In addition, the school administration should introduce and strengthen counselling and support services to students who demand social assistance.
Keywords: Drug Abuse, Performance, Students, German
Effect of Early Pregnancy on Girls’ Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Rwanda
No full textEarly pregnancy in secondary schools is a problem of great concern. It is likely to affect the academic achievement, for instance in adolescent girls. Hence, the purpose of this paper therefore, was to assess the effects of early pregnancy on the girls’ academic achievement in public secondary schools in Bugesera District, Rwanda. The study adopted the correlation research design. The target population was 220, including 200 students, 15 teachers and 5 school head teachers. The study used a simple random sampling and convenient sampling techniques to get the sample size of 154 respondents. Questionnaire and interview guide were used as data collection instruments. The analysis of data was done using SPSS version 21. The findings revealed that 71.9% of students and 47.7% of teachers agreed that various causes of early pregnancies to girls in public secondary schools located in Bugesera district include peer pressure, use of social media, lack of sex education and parental guidance. The study found that 70.4% of students and 56.0% of teachers agreed that there was girls’ academic achievement in terms of getting degree and certificate and career and professional development in public secondary schools. The study indicated there is a significance correlation between girls’ early pregnancies and academic achievement. Based on the findings, the study recommends that parents should make close guidance to their children. The school administration and head teachers should make effective control and supervision about the students’ behavior in school setting. The government should put much emphasis of allocating punishment that should be given to people that make sex violence, mostly children who are in school ages.
Keywords: Adolescent girls, early pregnancy, academic achievement and public secondary school
Impact of Teacher Education Level, Years of Teaching Experience and Teaching Behaviour as Determinants of Pupils’ Academic Achievement In Integrated Science in Eastern Sierra Leone 2005-2007
No full textThe study investigated “Impact of teacher education level, years of teaching experience and teaching behaviour as determinants of pupils’ academic achievement in integrated science in Eastern Sierra Leone between 2005 and 2007”. A descriptive research type of a survey design was employed for the study. The target population included: junior secondary school pupils, integrated science teachers and integrated science heads of department. Stratified sampling technique was adopted to select the junior secondary schools while purposive sampling technique was used to select sample sizes of 270 JSS pupils, 54 integrated science teachers and 27 Heads of Integrated science Department. The key instrument employed was Self-Administered Integrated Science Questionnaire form (SAISQ).The instrument was validated by a team of science experts in the Department of Science Curriculum Development Centre, Njala University. A reliability coefficient were computed and a Cronbach alpha constant of dependability values of 0.78 and 0.80 were obtained respectively for the instrument. Findings of the study revealed that the highest qualification obtained among the HODs is Bachelor of Science Education degree followed by those with HTC (Primary) and HTC (Secondary) respectively. The study further confirmed that majority of the integrated science teachers obtained HTC (Secondary) and B.Sc Ed. degree respectively. There is clear indication that a very good percentage of Integrated Science teachers of the survey are trained and qualified but they are qualified in other subjects areas, and are found teaching Integrated Science in the schools. There are few teachers trained for the primary schools and are also teaching in the junior secondary schools. Results of the study also confirmed that high concentration of the teachers with experiences fall within (10-14) years. Regarding the extent to which the unprofessional attitude are accepted, the result revealed that teachers conduct or attitude were never acceptable behaviour to the pupils. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that: Firstly, Government should employ trained and qualified teachers and others with experience in the schools. Secondly, school authorities should ensure that teachers make use of adequate teaching aids and encourage them to improvise equipment where necessary. Thirdly, Government should provide better conditions of service and incentives to retain the existing qualified teachers in the schools. Finally, academic performance of pupils should be a requirement for teachers’ promotion exercise.
Keywords: School, Level, Achievement, Impact, Behaviour, experienc