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Relationship Between Integrative Leadership and Performance of Public Boarding Secondary Schools in Frontier Counties: The Mediating Effect of Employee Motivation
No full textAn integrative leadership framework from an educational perspective is vital in understanding the efforts that are put in by school leaders to support overall school performance. Integrated leadership is also critical in the management and the development of partnerships aimed at increasing the quality of school performance. An integrative kind of leadership motivates members of the school community to maximize their overall performance. Integrative leadership combines the qualities of servant leadership, authentic leadership, and value-based leadership while simultaneously addressing their weaknesses. This paper sought to ascertain the mediating effect of employee motivation on the relationship between integrative leadership and the performance of public boarding secondary schools in selected Counties under the FCDC Kenya. This paper critiqued empirical studies linking the relationship between integrative leadership and performance and the mediating role of employee motivation. This study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy. This study also triangulated data using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The target population included all public boarding secondary schools from four FCDC Counties namely Lamu, Isiolo, Samburu, and Wajir. The study also targeted student leaders, teachers, principals, stakeholders (Board of Management representatives, County, and Teachers Service Commissions (TSC) Directors). The sample included 300 student leaders from 16 public boarding secondary schools in four FCDC Counties. A sample of 90 teachers, 16 principals, 16 Board of Management (BOM) stakeholders, 4 county directors of education and 4 TSC county directors; and 4 representatives of development partners also formed part of the sampling units. Therefore, the total sample size was four hundred and forty (N=440). Questionnaires were used to gather information from the teachers and students while interview guides were used to gather information from the school principals, BOM representatives, and County Directors of education. Interview guides were open-ended and detailed. Data was analysed using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis approaches based on the research objectives. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize quantitative data and the results were presented in frequencies and percentages, while inferential statistics were used to test the study hypothesis. Qualitative data on the other hand was summarized and reported in themes. The study revealed that integrative leadership has a significant relationship with the performance of public boarding secondary schools in selected Counties under FCDC Kenya. Further, the study findings indicated a partial mediating effect on the mediating role of employee motivation on the relationship between integrative leadership and school performance.
Keywords: Integrative Leadership, Employee Motivation, Performance of Public Boarding Secondary Schools, Frontier Counties Development Council (FCDC
Recruitment Strategies and Employee Retention in Greece Manufacturing and Processing Firms
No full textRecruitment strategies and employee retention are critical aspects of human resource management for any organization. Effective recruitment strategies involve attracting and selecting qualified candidates to fill job vacancies, ensuring a strong talent pool. Meanwhile, employee retention strategies focus on keeping the existing workforce engaged, satisfied, and committed to the organization, reducing turnover rates. A well-balanced approach to both recruitment and retention is vital for maintaining a skilled, motivated workforce and fostering long-term organizational success. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 170 manufacturing and processing firms in Crete Region, Greece. The study did sampling of 155 respondents that were chosen from the target population of 170 manufacturing and processing firms in Crete Region, Greece. Questionnaires were used to gather the data. In conclusion, recruitment strategies and employee retention are paramount for Greece's manufacturing and processing firms in a competitive and ever-changing business environment. The challenges posed by economic fluctuations, skills gaps, and cultural nuances underscore the importance of adapting HR practices to the unique Greek context. By investing in skills development, strengthening employee engagement, and offering competitive compensation packages, these firms can not only attract and retain the best talent but also foster growth and stability in their industries. Recommendations for Greece's manufacturing and processing firms include investing in skills development programs to address the skills gap and offering competitive compensation packages and benefits to attract and retain top talent in a competitive labor market. Fostering an inclusive work environment, embracing open communication, and encouraging employee engagement will also be crucial for improving retention rates and creating a positive workplace culture.
Keywords: Recruitment Strategies, Employee Retention, Firms, Greec
Strategic Leadership Schools
No full textStrategic leadership is a critical practice in modern organizations, and the various schools of thought illuminate its complexities. This study explores into these schools of thought, including the Power School, Cultural School, Environmental School, and Configuration School, highlighting their distinct points of view, strengths, and weaknesses. The objective of the study is to provide a comprehensive examination of these strategic management schools of thought, shedding light on their distinct perspectives. This research employs a literature-based methodology, drawing on a diverse set of scholarly sources and research articles. The study provided a comprehensive overview of each strategic management school, exploring their key concepts, characteristics, and contributions to the field by reviewing and synthesizing existing literature on the subject. The study found that each strategic management school provides valuable insights into strategy formation through our literature-based analysis. The Power School emphasizes power dynamics, the Cultural School emphasizes the importance of shared values, the Environmental School emphasizes adaptability to external factors, and the Configuration School views strategy as a dynamic transformation process. While each of these schools has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, they all emphasize the multifaceted and dynamic nature of strategic management. The study concluded that the importance of organizations adopting a multifaceted approach to strategic management. Organizations can benefit from integrating insights from multiple schools of thought rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all strategy. This approach enables the development of robust and adaptable strategies, improving an organization's ability to thrive in a rapidly changing business environment. Strategic management is still a complex and dynamic process that is required for modern organizational success.
Keywords: Strategic Leadership, Power School, Cultural School, Environmental School, Configuration Schoo
Foreign Scholars Activities and their Impacts on Sustainable Tourism Development in Nairobi Metropolis, Kenya
No full textForeign scholars move to international destinations and enroll in institutions for academic courses of study. The students form a promising niche’ market and is the third export earner in Australia. Africa is endowed with unique geographical features which attract the students who enroll in programs such as; eco-tourism, heritage tourism, rural/farm tourism and student exchanges between educational institutions. Africa recognizes educational tourism as a promising niche’ market segment to cushion out the fluctuating numbers of other market segments. The region receives about 14% foreign scholars yearly to add to those existing in their institutions of learning. Kenya receives 50,000 of the students distributed as 1% admissions to public universities and 12% to private universities, a constant 200,000 international students annually. The reasons why scholars from developed nations do not prioritize Africa should be investigated to increase Kenya’s market share. The study purposed to establish the tourist activities that are of interest to the scholars. The scholars from all over the globe join Kenya’s institutions of higher learning and throughout their course of study, they will be attached to attraction sites either as part of their study or as leisure activities. UNESCO supports travel of students to foreign destinations in order to enhance and promote culture and international understanding. International students visit several tourist attraction sites and can be classified as foreign or local tourists. Questionnaires were administered to the scholars, the heads of foreign student offices were subjected in-depth interviews while the communities offering tourism participated in focus group discussions. Only 29.7% (98) had involved themselves with various activities in the communities while a considerable number (65.2%) did not involve themselves in the activities within host communities. However, there was a significant relationship between tourists’ activity options and sustainable tourism development, the P-value 0.029 (P-value<0.05). When tourists’ activity options and economic impact were cross tabulated, no significant relationship was displayed because P-value is 0.301 (P-value>0.05). Majority 58.7% of the students were self-driven to the local communities. The study shows that most of the activities linked to educational trips are organized in relation to the products of tourism available within destinations.
Keywords: International students, international destinations, local destinations, niche’ market, foreign scholars
The Sanctity of Human Life; A Synthesis of African and the Church’s Value Perspective
No full textThe sanctity of human life has been a central theme of debate in various spheres of theological and philosophical disciplines. Concepts and subjects like abortion, justifiable killing, and excusable homicides, have been handled by many authors from various disciplines of study and schools of thought. For instance, on the subject of abortion, there are those who argue in support of pro-choice while others are for pro-life. African and Christian values of life, “from the womb to the tomb” should be amplified. This paper was an attempt to further reaffirm the dictum on the sanctity of human life and the fundamental moral obligation to protect it. In his message to Africa at the end of the 1994 African Synod, Pope John Paul II, asserts that “In African culture and tradition, the role of the family is everywhere held to be fundamental.” The Church’s teaching and prophetic role is to be the voice of the voiceless; especially when it is argued that voices against abortion seem to interfere with women’s autonomy and power of self-determination. The government has a mandate to protect its citizens, both the living and the unborn. It is the government’s duty to intervene through its agencies to enforce the civil rights, laws and safety of its people. This paper was mainly a qualitative study that heavily relied on existing literature both in the African cultural values and the teachings of the Church. The paper was guided by the author’s reflections and personal experiences as a priest. Further, interviews and discussions with the elders and those considered to have knowledge on the various thematic areas of the paper were consulted.
The study revealed that both the Church's teachings and the Abagusii Bantu traditions hold a high regard for the sanctity of life, asserting its inception from conception. Both bodies condemn actions against life, such as contraception and abortion, while emphasizing the protection of the vulnerable. Incorporating these traditions into modern education and Church catechesis could counteract growing indifference towards life's value in the contemporary world. The study recommends the incorporation of the Abagusii tradition, emphasizing the fundamental right to life and protection of the vulnerable, into modern education systems and Church catechesis. It also advocates for the preservation and promotion of similar cultural traditions to counter increasing apathy towards life's sanctity in the contemporary world. The study also highlights the significance of embracing and disseminating the teachings of the Magisterium and Vatican Council II documents, affirming the sanctity of life from conception as crucial for upholding human dignity and the common good. This paper can be a resource for policy makers, scholars and the general public on the Sanctity of Human Life through the lens of the Church’s teachings and the African values system.
Keywords: Sanctity, Human Life, The Church’s Value
Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress among Humanitarian Workers in Gashora Emergency Transit Mechanism Rwanda
No full textAlthough working with vulnerable groups such as displaced persons requires a great deal of compassion and care, it may also inflict a significant impact on the helper. The purpose of this research was to determine compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) among humanitarian workers in Gashora ETM. This quantitative cross-sectional study utilized demographic questionnaire and ProQOL-5 scale for data collection. The respondents in this study were included using census method. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rho correlation test, and regression analysis were utilized for data analyses. The study included 78 participants, with an almost equal gender distribution (50% male, 47.4% female, 2.6% undisclosed). The majority aged 26-35 (48.7%) or 36-45 (37.2%). Most held a Bachelor’s Degree (64.1%) or a Master’s Degree (29.5%), and were married (62.8%). The majority were of Rwandan nationality (65.4%). Most respondents held non-managerial positions (74.4%). Experience in humanitarian work varied, with the majority having less than five years (47.4%). Most were employed by NGOs (52.5%), with others working for the UN agencies (42.3%) or government (5.1%). Most participants (94.9%) reported that their work involved listening to clients’ traumatic experiences. The study found that most participants had high CS (79.5%) and BO (75.6%), with moderate STS (78.2%). Findings showed that CS explained 43.5% of the variability in burnout and for every unit increase in CS, the BO declined by 0.660 units assuming all other variables are held constant (t = -7649, CI = [-0.831, -0.488]). The study findings also showed that 19.3% of change in STS were attributable to BO and for each unit increase in BO, the STS increased by 0.440 unit assuming all other variables are held constant (t = 4.267, CI = [0.234, -0.645]). Between STS and CS, on the other hand, non-statistically significant weak negative correlation was obtained (r (78) = [-0.18], P = [0.877). Respondents with Rwandan nationality had 3.6 higher odds of experiencing high CS compared to those with non-Rwandan nationality (AOR = 3.667, P < 0.05, 95% CI = [1.139, 11.808]). Respondents who were employed with UN were less likely to develop BO compared to those who work for NGOs (AOR = 0.240, P = 0.045, 95% CI = [0.059, 0.969]). Respondents with Non Rwandan nationalities were more likely to experience STS than those with Rwandan nationalities (AOR = 12.446, P = 0.020, 95% CI = [1.500, 103.28]). Additionally, respondents with non-managerial position had the higher odds of developing STS compared to those with managerial role in their organization (AOR = 3.855, P = 0.033, 95% CI = [1.119, 13.283]). Organizations, especially NGOs, should consider implementing or strengthening support systems to help manage stress and prevent burnout among employees.
Keywords: Compassion satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, Humanitarian worker
Breast Cancer and Psychological Issues among Middle Aged Women in Walloon, Belgium
No full textBreast cancer carries not only physical implications but also profound psychological challenges for middle-aged women in Walloon, Belgium. The diagnosis triggers emotional distress, anxiety, and depression among these women, often disrupting their quality of life. Body image concerns following surgeries like mastectomy or lumpectomy compound the psychological burden, impacting self-esteem and self-identity. Addressing this issue requires integrated psychological support, community awareness, and tailored interventions to ensure a holistic approach to breast cancer care. Research findings illuminate the intricate interplay between breast cancer and psychological issues among middle-aged women in Walloon, Belgium. The emotional distress resulting from the diagnosis leads to heightened levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. Moreover, body image concerns and the absence of accessible psychological support services further compound the psychological challenges faced by these women. In conclusion, the nexus of breast cancer and psychological challenges among middle-aged women in Walloon, Belgium is a multifaceted issue of paramount importance. The research findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach that integrates psychological support into the treatment process, raises awareness to destigmatize seeking help, and fosters community networks to enhance emotional resilience. By acknowledging and addressing the psychological dimensions of breast cancer, Walloon can empower these women to navigate their journey with greater strength and well-being. The study recommended that healthcare systems should prioritize the integration of specialized psychological support services within breast cancer treatment plans. Public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate women about the psychological challenges they might face and promote the importance of seeking timely help. The establishment of community-based support networks and the development of culturally sensitive psychological interventions will play a crucial role in fostering emotional well-being and resilience in this demographic.
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Psychological Issues, Middle Aged Women, Belgiu
Influence of Maternal Knowledge and Skills on Mixed Feeding Practices among Infants below 6 Months in Wajir County
No full textWajir County is estimation to have 749 deaths of infants below 6 months every year. In 2014, information from KDHS revealed that only 32% of infants below six months are wholly breastfed, their mothers introduce other foods, that is, weans their children instead of exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to determine the how the mother/caregiver’s knowledge and skills influenced mixed feeding practices among infants below 6 months. The study adopted a descriptive cross- sectional study design in data collection through a quantitative approach, and the study target population comprised all the 802 mothers with infants below six months from which a sample size of 260 respondents was drawn. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. It was found that overall, the caregivers’ knowledge of all the mixed feeding indicators for a child with normal nutrition status was low. The knowledge was particularly low on continued breastfeeding, minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity, and on how to feed a child during illness. Knowledge score at the time of introduction to mixed feeding and on giving vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables was however high. It was recommended that the county Department of Health of Wajir, through the nutrition unit, needs to scale up Social Behavior Change Communication (SBCC) on mixed feeding targeting caregivers of children below 6 months of age with appropriate MIYCN information. The primary focus should be on continued breastfeeding, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity.
Keywords: Maternal, infant and young child feeding practices, Exclusive breastfeeding, knowledge and skills, & mixed feedin
Transformational Leadership in Information and Supply Chain Management: Strategies for Effective Decision Making and Collaboration
No full textTransformational leadership plays a critical role in shaping effective decision-making and fostering collaboration in the domain of information and supply chain management (ISCM). This study presents a comprehensive literature review on the topic, with a specific focus on diverse African contexts. The review explores the impact of transformational leadership on decision-making processes, collaborative strategies employed by leaders, the influence of cultural context, technology adoption, and the promotion of resilience within the supply chain industry. The findings indicate that transformational leadership positively influences decision-making within supply chain systems by inspiring innovation and risk-taking among team members. Leaders who embrace transformational qualities foster a collaborative environment, encouraging active participation and knowledge sharing among stakeholders. Moreover, culturally sensitive approaches to leadership have been found to enhance trust and support from followers, strengthening decision-making and collaboration efforts. Technology adoption is another vital aspect investigated in this study, revealing that transformational leaders play a key role in encouraging advancements in technology. By promoting technological investments, supply chain efficiency is improved, leading to enhanced decision-making and collaboration through streamlined communication and information sharing. Furthermore, the review highlights the importance of resilience in supply chain systems, especially during disruptions and crises. Transformational leaders are instrumental in motivating their teams to adapt and innovate, thus ensuring the sustainability and success of the supply chain industry in challenging environments. This study contributes to a better understanding of the significance of transformational leadership in ISCM, offering valuable insights for leaders and stakeholders seeking to enhance decision-making and collaboration in diverse African settings. The implications of this research extend to a broader global context, emphasizing the relevance of transformational leadership for effective ISCM practices worldwide
Handbook of Research on Information Management for Effective Logistics and Supply Chains By António Lucas Soares, Cláudio Roberto Magalhães Pessoa, George Leal Jamil
No full textThe Handbook of Research on Information Management for Effective Logistics and Supply Chains authored by António Lucas Soares, Cláudio Roberto Magalhães Pessoa, and George Leal Jamil is a comprehensive guide that delves into the critical intersection of information management and logistics/supply chain operations. This book offers a profound exploration of strategies, methodologies, and technologies that are pivotal in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of modern supply chains. It meticulously examines the role of information management in optimizing various aspects of logistics, from inventory control and demand forecasting to transportation management and distribution network design. Through a non-jargon approach, the authors provide valuable insights into how businesses can harness the power of data, digital tools, and emerging technologies to streamline their supply chain processes, reduce costs, and respond swiftly to market dynamics. Drawing upon both theoretical frameworks and practical case studies, this handbook serves as an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and industry professionals seeking to navigate the complexities of information management within the realm of logistics and supply chain management, all while maintaining accessibility and clarity for readers at all levels of expertise