Revistas UDEA (Universidad de Antioquia)
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DETERMINACION DE FACTORES DE RIESGO EN MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS EN LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLIN
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According to the report of a scientific group of the W.H.O., Congenital Malformation is defined as “One or other of the many macroscopic anomalies, which may occur in the newborn, even if they are not immediately observable after birth”. (26).Congenital malformations constitute one of the most difficult problems currently faced by medical science, not only because of their high incidence, which seems to be constantly increasing, but also because of their etiology, apparently as multicausal as it is not very clear, and because of the very serious physical, psychological and social consequences they entail.In spite of the great development it has undergone and despite the extraordinary achievements of medical research in many fields, relatively little progress has been made in the field of Congenital Malformations. However, studies on this subject have been proliferating all over the world and little by little light is being shed on the factors that condition its presentation, thus allowing the implementation of some prophylaxis measures. Thus, in some studies carried out in different places, it has been possible to determine its incidence and identify some of its risk factors.
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Según el informe de un grupo científico de la O.M.S., se define como Malformación Congénita "Una u otra de las muchas anomalías macroscópicas, que pueden darse en el recién nacido, aún cuando no sean observables inmediatamente después del nacimiento". (26).Las Malformaciones Congénitas constituyen uno de los problemas más difíciles que encara actualmente la ciencia médica, no sólo por su elevada incidencia que parece ir en constante aumento sino por su etiología, aparentemente tan multicausal como poco esclarecida y, por as gravísimas consecuencias de orden físico, síquico y social que acarrean.A pesar del gran desarrollo que ha experimentado y no obstante los extraordinarios alcances que ha logrado la investigación médica en muchos campos, es relativamente poco lo que se ha avanzado en el ámbito de las Malformaciones Congénitas. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre este tema han ido proliferando en todo el mundo y poco a poco se va arrojando luz sobre los factores que condicionan su presentación, permitiendo de esta manera implementar algunas medidas de profilaxis. Es así, como en algunos trabajos realizados en diferentes lugares, ha podido determinarse su incidencia e identificarse algunos de sus factores de riesgo
Soñar los relatos: mi experiencia como documentadora de la Comisión de la Verdad desde México
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Da diferença ontológica à diferença política: Martin Heidegger, os heideggerianos de esquerda e o pós- fundacionalismo. A pergunta pelo “pós-constitucional”
No full textThis paper will seek to develop the general approaches of Martin Heidegger's work based on the introduction made by Gianni Vattimo. Subsequently, the approaches of some left-wing Heideggerian and post-foundational political thought are presented, seeking to find the traces that unite these authors of the contingent foundations of the political and the social, evidencing the ontological difference and its simile to political difference. Finally, and by way of conclusion, the question arises as to whether it is possible to translate the ontological-political difference into a "constitutional difference" that allows laying the foundations of a radical democratic post-constitutionalism that establishes founding values that allow the government of the people, always subject to be defounded again, as a circle of contingent foundations foundationable / unfoundable.En el presente escrito se buscará dar desarrollo a los planteamientos generales de la obra de Martin Heidegger a partir de la introducción realizada por Gianni Vattimo. Posteriormente se presentan los planteamientos de algunos heideggerianos de izquierda y el pensamiento político posfundacional, buscando encontrar los trazos que unen a estos autores de los fundamentos contingentes de lo político y lo social evidenciando la diferencia ontológica y su símil a la diferencia política. Por último, y a modo de conclusión, se plantea la pregunta sobre si es posible traducir la diferencia ontológica – política en una “diferencia constitucional” que permita sentar las bases de un posconstitucionalismo democrático radical que establezca unos valores fundantes que permitan el gobierno del pueblo, siempre sujetos a ser desfundados nuevamente, como un círculo de fundamentos contingentes fundables/infundables.O presente escrito procura desenvolver as abordagens gerais da obra de Martin Heidegger a partir da introdução realizada por Gianni Vattimo. Posteriormente, apresenta as abordagens de alguns heideggerianos de esquerda e o pensamento político pós- fundacional procurando encontrar os traços que unem esses autores dos fundamentos contingentes do político e o social, evidenciando a diferença ontológica e seu símil à diferença política. Por último, e como conclusão, propõe-se a pergunta sobre se é possível traduzir a diferença ontológica – política em uma “diferença constitucional” que permita sentar as bases de um pós- constitucionalismo democrático radical que estabeleça uns valores fundantes que permitam o governo do povo, sempre sujeitos a serem desfundados novamente, como um círculo de fundamentos contingents fundáveis/infundáveis
Evaluation of Cytotoxic effect of Moringa peregrina seeds on Oral Cancer, CAL 27, Cell Line and Red Blood Cells Hemolysis
No full textBackground: Moringa peregrina Forssk is a well-known plant in ethnomedicine due to its widespread uses in various diseases like cough, wound healing, rhinitis, fever, and detoxification. The plant seeds
contain compounds that are cytotoxic to many cancer cells. During the therapeutic use of plants via the oral route, some compounds present in the plants may be cytotoxic to normal cell lines and red blood cells. Objective: This study was the first report of investigation of the cytotoxic profile on oral cancer, CAL 27, cell line, and hemolytic activities on human erythrocytes of Moringa peregrina seeds ethanolic extract (MPSE). Methods: MPSE was screened for its cytotoxic effect against oral cancer, CAL 27, cell line using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The toxicity of MPSE on human erythrocytes was determined by in vitro hemolytic assay. Results: MPSE showed significant anti-proliferative activity against oral cancer, CAL 27 cell line at lower concentrations with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 21.03 μg/mL. At 1,000 µg/ml of MPSE, the maximum hemolysis was found to be 14.3% which is within safer limit.Conclusions: This study revealed a potential anti-oral cancer of MPSE and provided a baseline for its potential use in oral cancer treatment with minimum hemolytic effect on human RBCs
Identification of microorganisms in wet coffee fermentation Coffea arabica Var Catimor and Castillo in Jardín, Antioquia-Colombia, using culture-dependent methods
No full textBackground: Mild Colombian coffees are recognized worldwide for their high-quality coffee cup. However, there have been some failures in post-harvest practices, such as coffee grain fermentation. These failures could occasionally lead to defects and inconsistencies in quality products and economic losses for coffee farmers. In Colombia, one of the fermentation methods most used by coffee growers is wet fermentation, conducted by submerging the de-pulped coffee beans for enough time in water tanks to remove the mucilage. Objectives: We evaluated the effect of the water (g)/de-pulped coffee (g) ratio (I: 0/25, II: 10/25, III: 20/25) and final fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 hours) on the total number of microbial groups. We also identified microorganisms of interest as starter cultures. Methods: We used a completely randomized experimental design with two factors; the effect of the water (g)/de-pulped coffee (g) ratio (I: 0/25, II: 10/25, III: 20/25) and final fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 hours), for 9 treatments with two replicates. During the coffee fermentation (1,950 g), the pH and °Brix were monitored. Total counts of different microbial groups (mesophiles, coliforms, lactic-acid bacteria, acetic-acid bacteria, and yeasts) were performed. Various isolates of microorganisms of interest as starter cultures (lactic-acid bacteria and yeasts) were identified using molecular sequencing techniques. Results: 21 lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) isolates and 22 yeasts were obtained from the different mini-batch fermentation systems. The most abundant lactic-acid bacteria species found were Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (46%) and Levilactobacillus brevis (31%). Pichia kluivery (39%) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (22%) were the most abundant yeast species. Conclusion The studied factors did not have effect over the microorganism’s development. The identified bacterial and yeasts species have potential as starter cultures for better-quality coffees and in fermentation-related applications.
Metabolite profile of Passiflora mollisima leaf using UHPLC-ESI-MS and its potential anxiolytic activity in mice
No full textBackground: Traditionally, extracts of Passiflora mollisima leaves are used as anxiolytics, but the existing metabolites are unknown.Objectives: To identify by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS some of the metabolites and the anxiolytic activity of the leaf extract. Materials and Methods: The extract was subject to UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and administered intraperitoneally (VIP) to 4 groups of mice: G1: white group 0.1mL of saline solution, G2: positive control group 1mg Kg¯¹ of diazepam and to treatment groups, namely, G3 50 mg Kg¯¹ and G4 100 mg Kg¯¹ and anxiety levels were evaluated with the light/dark transition test for mice. Results: Six flavone C-glycosides were tentatively identified, namely vicenin 2, lucenin 2, schaftoside, orientin, vitexin, and glucopyranosyl methyl luteolin. Lower levels of anxiety were observed in animals of groups G3 and G4 based on the number of transitions, with a mean of 11±2 and 21±2, respectively, compared to G1, which was 2±1 (p<0.05). The groups displayed a significant difference among them (p<0.05). There was an increase in the total time spent in darkness in G3 and G4 Passiflora-treated mice with a mean of 70±8 and 113±8 respectively, compared to G1, which was 8±1 with a p<0.05. Conclusion: The metabolites identified have biological activities, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer effects. The results of the effects of the 50mg Kg¯¹ and 100 mg Kg¯¹ doses of ethanolic extract of Passiflora mollisima leaves significantly decreased anxiety levels (p<0.05). This information contributes towards its further use in a therapeutic, clinical setting
Computational screening, synthesis and neuroprotective evaluation of small molecule for the treatment of alzheimer's disease
No full textBACKGROUND: Current treatments for Alzheimer’s disease primarily address symptoms, as no definitive therapeutic targets have been identified. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to conduct a virtual screening of small molecules and synthesize and evaluate one of the most promising candidates for Alzheimer’s therapy. METHODS: Using AutoDock Vina, compounds with drug-like properties were docked against key proteins implicated in Alzheimer's pathology: β-Secretase, γ-Secretase, Pin1, and Cdk5. The molecule with the highest in silico affinity (PubChem ID: 84378305) was synthesized and evaluated experimentally. Cytotoxicity and neuroprotective effects were assessed using the MTT assay in the presence of the Aβ25-35 peptide. RESULTS: Four candidate molecules showed strong binding affinity, ranging from -6.8 to -9.1 kcal/mol. The results showed that when SK-N-SH cells were simultaneously treated with Aß25-35 peptide (5 µM) and compound 84378305 (0,1 µM), the molecule exhibited significant neuroprotection (33%) after the 48 h of incubation.CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that this lead compound exhibits potential neuroprotective activity, highlighting its promise as a candidate for further development in Alzheimer’s disease treatment