Revistas UDEA (Universidad de Antioquia)
Not a member yet
36402 research outputs found
Sort by
Patient Repositioning during Hospitalization and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers: a Narrative Review
No full textObjective. This article presents a literature review to explore and analyze the current situation of pressure ulcers or lesions or decubitus ulcers, pathophysiological, epidemiological aspects, and risk factors. The progress in evidence of the effectiveness of preventive repositioning in the appearance of these lesions in vulnerable hospitalized patients is also evaluated.
Methods. Databases were reviewed in non-systematic manner, including the Cochrane Wounds Specialized Register; Medline, Scopus, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE (Ovid); EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, SciELO, and Lilacs. The general search terms included [pressure ulcers or pressure lesions or decubitus ulcers] and [prevention or preventive] and [repositioning or positioning or position changes or postural change] and [patient at risk or vulnerable] and [hospitalized or ICU or intensive care]. Systematic literature reviews, randomized clinical trials, observational studies, cost-effectiveness and qualitative studies in English or Spanish were included.
Results. Although globally, the incidence, prevalence, and years of disability associated to these lesions has diminished between 1990 and 2019, the high impact on health persists. Evidence found on the effectiveness of repositioning in preventing pressure ulcers and health associated costs has been evaluated with certainty between low and very low, as a result of conducting research with serious methodological limitations that report results with high inaccuracy.
Conclusion. The findings reported present that these lesions persist at hospital level and continue being a global social and health problem with high impact on health budgets. Likewise, there is a need to develop greater quality research on prevention strategies, such as repositioning, which validate their effectiveness, and justify their use
Motivations and expectations of pregnant women using psychoactive substances during prenatal care: phenomenological study
No full textObjective. Understand the motivations and expectations of pregnant women using psychoactive substances during prenatal care.
Methods. A qualitative study developed in the light of Alfred Schütz's Theoretical Framework of Phenomenological Sociology, in which 25 pregnant women using psychoactive substances, belonging to a Family Health Strategy, participated. Data production took place between August and November 2022.
Results. Two units of meanings emerged: (i) social influences for the performance of prenatal care and (ii) expectation regarding the care to be received by the health professional. Pregnant women do pre-natal due to family influences, for fear of losing their children due to loss of guardianship and concern about the well-being and development of the baby. And, the expectations are that they receive good attention, feel safe when they are attended to by health professionals and also that they are understood and have a relationship of trust.
Conclusion. Pregnant women who use psychoactive substances bring motivations for prenatal care linked to the past, such as influences from family members and previous experiences. As for expectations, they are related to the child's health and the care expected by professionals. Finally, strategies to reduce harm during pregnancy of users of psychoactive substances are fundamental for the effectiveness of care
The Effect of the Team Members Teaching Design vs. Regular Lectures method on the Self-efficacy of the Multiple sclerosis Patients in Iran. Randomised Controlled Trial
No full textObjective. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of team members teaching design (TMTD) vs. regular Lectures method on the self-efficacy of the multiple sclerosis patients.
Methods. This research is a randomized controlled trial study. In this study, 48 multiple sclerosis persons of members of Jahrom MS Society participated. The persons were selected by simple random sampling and then divided into three groups of: TMTD (n=16), regular lecture method (n=16), and control (n=16), by random allocation method. In the intervention groups, six training sessions were held twice a week; control group did not receive education. Data was collected by the MS self-efficacy questionnaire of Rigby et al. in the before, immediately and one month after the intervention.
Results. Patients in three intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic variables. The results of the repeated measurement test before, immediately and one month after the intervention showed that the mean of the all dimensions of self-efficacy in two intervention groups had increased significantly (p<0.05). While these changes were not significant in the control group (p ≥ 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in the mean of the all dimensions of self-efficacy between the intervention groups of TMTD and regular lectures.
Conclusion. Based on the findings, TMTD compared to regular lectures method had a more significant effect on improving the self-efficacy of multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing use this educational approach to increase patients' self-efficacy
Repercussions of neck pain on the quality of life of health professionals in Intensive Care Units
No full textObjective. To analyze the repercussions of neck pain on the quality of life of health professionals in intensive care units.
Methods. Cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study, carried out with 94 health professionals (21 nurses, 13 physical therapists and 60 nursing technicians) in Intensive Care Units of two medium-sized hospitals in a municipality in the far south of Brazil. An instrument containing variables of sociodemographic and work environment characterization was applied; the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ) and the WHOQOL-Bref were applied.
Results. There was a predominance of female professionals (88.3%), white (78.8%), aged 30 to 39 years (34.1%), with family income between one and two minimum wages (31.9%) and weekly workload between 31 and 40 hours (67%), night shift (54.3%), time of professional experience of one to five years (38.3%) and one job (73.4%). Neck pain and disability showed significant negative correlations with quality of life. The relationship was weak with the physical (r: -0.218; p=0.035) and psychological (r: -0.280; p=0.006) domains, and moderate with social relationships (r: -0.419; p<0.001), environment (r: -0.280; p<0.001) and general quality of life (r: -0.280; p<0.001). Overall quality of life showed a moderate correlation with the feeling of anxiety (r: -0.431; p<0.001) and depression (r: -0.515; p<0.001) of professionals in the last week.
Conclusion. Neck pain caused repercussions in the physical, psychological, social, environmental and general quality of life of health professionals in intensive care units
Cross mapping of self-care interventions for expert patients
No full textObjective. To compare the primary nursing interventions described in the literature to promote self-care among expert patients with the Nursing Interventions Classification.
Methods. This descriptive and exploratory study used a quantitative approach and cross-mapping focusing on 23 self-care actions obtained from a scoping review conducted in January 2022 in Brazilian and international databases. Data were descriptively analyzed, processed, and presented in tables.
Results. Twenty-three self-care actions were found in the scoping review. A total of 56 interventions were selected, 30 of which were associated with self-care actions; some were associated with more than one intervention (e.g., physical activity, avoiding alcohol consumption, blood glucose monitoring, blood sugar management, stress/anxiety).
Conclusion. The self-care interventions promoted among expert patients were compared to the Nursing Interventions Classification, enabling nurses to lead by encouraging, assisting, teaching, discussing, and guiding patients. Hence, nursing workers can improve their work process by encouraging patient self-care and autonomy in the health-illness continuum
Effect of a Specialized Nursing Subject Assignment on Perceived Knowledge and Skills to Care for Drug Users
No full textObjective. To identify the effect of a specialized subject on addictions on the knowledge and skills perceived by undergraduate nursing students to care for drug users.
Methods. This was a pre-experimental study of a single group with post- and pre-test measurements. The study included a sample of 59 students registered in the seventh semester in a public university in northeastern Mexico, who received 64 theoretical hours of the subject assignment “Nursing and addictions”, which was taught in face-to-face classes by professor nurses with training in the care of addictions. The emphasis was theoretical, where strategies, like clinical cases, screening instruments, and audiovisual material were used. Information was collected about sociodemographic data and the scale by Happel et al., of knowledge and perceived skills on the care of alcohol and other drug users was applied.
Results. The post-test registered higher scores in the subscales of overall knowledge on substance use (W = –4.532, p < 0.001), perceived knowledge on management of drug users (W = –5.909, p < 0.001), and perceived competences to care for alcohol and drug users (t = –8.000, p < 0.001).
Conclusion. The subject assignment analyzed contributed to increasing knowledge by nursing students regarding the phenomenon of addictions. As for perceived competences, although these increased significantly, they would have to be demonstrated in light of practical scenarios that confirm their persistence and impact on the quality of care
Músicas urbanas y alternativas en entornos rurales: dinámicas y representaciones del espacio, para encontrar un lugar en el mundo
No full textThe parks or main squares of many municipalities with a rural vocation in Antioquia continue to be meeting points, where people can sit around them (inside or outside the commercial premises) to socialize and market products. Given the importance of these areas, the different generations of the town (at least the majority) inhabit these places to see and be seen by others. To the point of wanting to hold the largest and most representative events in the main park, including urban and alternative music festivals.Holding these events on the street, in front of everyone, is literally raising your voice and saying here we are! It is modifying, even for a couple of days, the traditional dynamics of the town, concentrated in its main park; It is to gradually insert other customs that, over the years, can become the culture and heritage of their own territories.Throughout this article, we will talk about the holding of three urban and alternative music festivals in eastern Antioquia and what it means for its young people to develop this type of events in the main park of their municipalities. Based on categories such as ‘place’, ‘space’ and ‘everyday life’, which will help us understand these meanings.Los parques o plazas principales de muchos municipios con vocación rural en Antioquia, siguen siendo puntos de encuentro, donde las personas pueden sentarse alrededor del mismo (adentro o afuera de los locales comerciales) para socializar y comercializar los productos. Dada la importancia de dichas zonas, las distintas generaciones del pueblo (al menos la mayoría), habitan estos sitios para ver y dejarse ver por el otro. Hasta el punto de querer hacer los eventos más grandes y representativos en el parque principal, entre ellos, los festivales de músicas urbanas y alternativas. Realizar estos estos eventos en la calle, a la vista de todos, es levantar literalmente la voz y decir ¡aquí estamos! Es modificar, aunque sea por un par de días, las dinámicas tradicionales del pueblo, concentradas en su parque principal; es insertar de manera gradual otras costumbres que con el pasar de los años, pueden convertirse en cultura y patrimonio de sus mismos territorios. A lo largo de este artículo, hablaremos sobre la realización de tres festivales de músicas urbanas y alternativas en el oriente antioqueño y lo que significa para sus jóvenes, desarrollar esta clase de eventos en el parque principal de sus municipios. A partir de categorías como ‘lugar’, ‘espacio’ y ‘cotidianidad’, que nos ayudarán a comprender dichos significados
A saúde global e a pandemia de COVID-19: uma análise holística
No full textThere are various interpretations and exegeses on the COVID-19 pandemic, among which are those that attribute the structural causes to the current world development model, its relationship with nature and the capitalist system, the political-economic development of the phenomenon and the socio-health behavior of SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this review essay is to analyze in a holistic manner the political and socio-health context of the pandemic, both global and regional (Latin America), and its areas of intervention (alternatives), by defining some conceptual and political links between the pandemic and global health (thematic axes). To this end, a review of pandemic and global health in academic databases (PubMed®, LILACS and SciELO) and in academic Google over the last 5 years is carried out, and a thematic definition is made (3 thematic axes): 1) the role of the political factor, globalization and governments in resolving issues related to the pandemic; 2) the socio-health analysis of the pandemic, and 3) the interventions to deal with it. It is concluded that the impact of the pandemic on global health practice has been great, accentuating structural shortcomings in public health, both technical and political, some attributable to the State and others to health professionals. In addition, the article explores some alternatives to face and prevent new pandemics, such as local approaches and global health system.Introducción: Al considerar que la pandemia de la COVID 19 se originó por causas estructurales del actual modelo de desarrollo mundial, dada la relación política de la naturaleza con el sistema capitalista, las consecuencias se deben examinar siguiendo esta misma línea de interpretación. Sin embargo, aún no se define una estructura temática que pueda relacionar la salud pública con la pandemia.
Objetivo: El presente artículo reflexivo sobre la pandemia de la covid 19, analiza el contexto político de la pandemia, tanto global como regional en Latinoamérica y establece algunos nexos conceptuales y académicos con la salud pública.
Métodos: Se basa en una revisión narrativa (rápida) de orden temático, en Pubmed, Lilac y Scielo, mediante los operadores booleanos "pandemia covid 19" and "salud global" and "impacto social", en los últimos 5 años. Se obtuvieron 178 artículos en Lilac, 69 en Scielo, 132 en Pubmed y 36 en google académico: en total 415 resultados.
Se investigan algunos ejes trazadores para el análisis de esta contingencia global: modelo económico, cambio climático y salud, las crisis epidemiológicas, sistemas de salud y otros relacionados.
Conclusión: Se concluye sobre el impacto de la pandemia, que ha sido grande en la práctica de la salud pública. La pandemia ha acentuado falencias estructurales de la salud pública, tanto técnicas como políticas; unas atribuibles al Estado y otras a los salubristas. Se consideran algunas alternativas, con capacidad de resiliencia ante esta sindemia.Há várias interpretações e exegeses da pandemia da COVID-19, incluindo aquelas que atribuem as causas estruturais ao atual modelo de desenvolvimento global, sua relação com a natureza e o sistema capitalista, o desenvolvimento político-econômico do fenômeno e o comportamento sociossanitário do SARS-CoV-2. O objetivo deste ensaio de revisão é analisar holisticamente o contexto político e sociossanitário da pandemia, tanto em nível global quanto regional (América Latina), e suas áreas de intervenção (alternativas), definindo alguns vínculos conceituais e políticos entre a pandemia e a saúde global (eixos temáticos). Para isso, é realizada uma revisão sobre pandemias e saúde global em bases de dados acadêmicas (PubMed®, LILACS e SciELO) e no Google acadêmico nos últimos 5 anos, e é feita uma definição temática (3 eixos temáticos): 1) o papel do fator político, da globalização e dos governos na resolução de questões relacionadas à pandemia; 2) a análise sociossanitária da pandemia e 3) as intervenções para lidar com ela. Conclui-se que o impacto da pandemia na prática da saúde global foi grande, acentuando as falhas estruturais da saúde pública, tanto técnicas quanto políticas, algumas atribuíveis ao Estado e outras aos profissionais de saúde. Além disso, o artigo explora algumas alternativas para lidar e prevenir novas pandemias, como abordagens locais e sistemas globais de saúde
Ergonomia e fatores humanos na saúde pública: uma perspectiva sobre a compreensão da relação entre objetos estranhos retidos e a equipe de enfermagem
No full textPatient safety is a priority for healthcare systems. The development of quality improvement strategies has been enriched by the incursion of the discipline of ergonomics and human factors in healthcare. The “Safety Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety” (seips model) identifies five elements present in the system: person(s), tasks, tools/technologies, environment and organization. The interaction of these elements contributes to the delivery of quality services. In surgery, the seips model can analyze retained foreign objects, which compromise patient safety and represent a public health problem and high costs for healthcare institutions. Surgical counting aims to prevent such objects and is an activity performed by nurses. The objective of this article is, through the seips model, to contextualize the relationship between nursing staff and retained foreign objects, in order to describe the failures in the work processes. Multitasking and heuristics are elements of the “person(s)” category. Counting failures is the main element in “tasks”, and in “tools” were deficiencies in registration documents. Deficiencies in lighting are identified in “environment”, and in “organization” staff turnover stands out. Finally, the external environment identifies the absence of mandatory policies and protocols to prevent these incidents. The seips model proposes an approach that analyzes retained foreign objects from the micro to the macro level, and provides evidence on how this incident occurs, allowing the development of effective strategies for its prevention.La seguridad del paciente es una prioridad de sistemas de salud. El desarrollo de estrategias de mejora de calidad se ha enriquecido con la incursión de la disciplina ergonomía y factores humanos en atención sanitaria. La “Iniciativa de ingeniería de seguridad para la seguridad del paciente” (modelo seips) identifica cinco elementos presentes en el sistema: persona(s), tareas, herramientas/tecnologías, entorno y organización. La interacción de estos elementos contribuye a la prestación de servicios de calidad. En cirugía, el modelo seips puede analizar los objetos extraños retenidos, que comprometen la seguridad del paciente y representan un problema de salud pública y altos costos para las instituciones de salud. El conteo quirúrgico busca prevenir dichos objetos y es una actividad realizada por enfermería. El objetivo de este artículo es, mediante el modelo seips, contextualizar la relación entre el personal de enfermería y los objetos extraños retenidos, para describir las fallas en los procesos de trabajo. La multitarea y la heurística son elementos de la categoría “persona(s)”. Las fallas del conteo son el elemento principal en “tareas”, y en “herramientas” fueron las deficiencias en documentos de registro. Deficiencias en iluminación son identificadas en “entorno”, y en “organización” destaca la rotación del personal. Finalmente, el entorno externo identifica la ausencia de políticas y protocolos obligatorios para prevenir estos incidentes. El modelo seips propone un enfoque que analiza los objetos extraños retenidos desde el nivel micro hasta el macro, y proporciona evidencia sobre cómo se produce este incidente, permitiendo el desarrollo de estrategias efectivas para su prevención.A segurança dos doentes é uma prioridade para os sistemas de saúde. O desenvolvimento de estratégias de melhoria da qualidade foi enriquecido pela incursão da disciplina da ergonomia e dos factores humanos nos cuidados de saúde. A “Iniciativa de Engenharia de Segurança para a Segurança dos Doentes” (modelo seips) identifica cinco elementos presentes no sistema: pessoa(s), tarefas, ferramentas/tecnologias, ambiente e organização. A interação destes elementos contribui para a prestação de serviços de qualidade. Na cirurgia, o modelo seips pode analisar objectos estranhos retidos, que comprometem a segurança dos doentes e representam um problema de saúde pública e custos elevados para as instituições de saúde. A contagem cirúrgica visa a prevenção destes objectos e é uma atividade realizada pelos enfermeiros. O objetivo deste artigo é, utilizando o modelo seips, contextualizar a relação entre o pessoal de enfermagem e os objectos estranhos retidos, de modo a descrever as falhas nos processos de trabalho. A multitarefa e a heurística são elementos da categoria “pessoa(s)”. A contagem de falhas é o principal elemento das “tarefas” e, nas “ferramentas”, foram identificadas deficiências nos documentos de registo. As deficiências na iluminação são identificadas em “ambiente”, e em “organização” destaca-se a rotação do pessoal. Por último, o ambiente externo identifica a ausência de políticas e protocolos obrigatórios para prevenir estes incidentes. O modelo seips propõe uma abordagem que analisa os objectos estranhos retidos desde o nível micro ao macro, e fornece evidências sobre como este incidente ocorre, permitindo o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes para a sua prevenção
