ESCAP Repository (United Nations ESCAP)
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Chiang Mai : air pollution action plan
Get PDFAir pollution is universally recognized as one of the most pressing environmental challenges Asia and the Pacific. And the crisis has only heightened in recent years, leading to a rise in premature deaths, threatening livelihoods and the sustainable development of the region, particularly in many cities where air pollution rises with the exponentially rising urban population.
The Chiang Mai Air Pollution Action Plan is an output of the “Urban Air Pollution Project”, an urban air pollution mitigation program supported by the Korea-ESCAP Cooperation Fund (KECF). The “Urban Air Pollution Project” focuses on reviewing the air pollution situation in the Asia-Pacific region and through the collaborative mechanisms of co-production and co-delivery, developing pathways forward to assist policy makers at the central/local level in providing opportunities for exchange of experience and knowledge, and by enhancing their awareness and capacity.</p
Asia-Pacific trade and investment trends brief 2022/2023 : Tonga
No full textThis brief covers recent trends and developments in trade and investment. It has been produced as an accompaniment to the Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Trends 2022/2023.</p
Eco-labeling certification for Cambodia's construction and building sector
No full textEco-labeling schemes aim to support the development and production of environmentally friendly products and facilitate the provision of accurate environmental information to consumers. To smoothly implement such a scheme in Cambodia, interviews with government officials and market surveys were conducted to select three product groups for piloting: 1) Fluorescent Lamps, 2) LED Lamp for General use, and 3) Electric Cable. This policy brief will suggest main features on an eco-labeling scheme in the construction and building sector in Cambodia.
In order to develop adequate criteria for each product group,four steps are needed: 1) Market research, 2) Research on global Eco-labeling criteria, 3) Review on Cambodian law and relevant policies, and 4) Implementation. Each product group’s criteria shall be set considering two main standards: 1) Quality standard, 2) Environmental standard. For Eco-labeling, 7 steps are required in total: 1) preparing for application, 2) reception, 3) review, 4) product and service assessment, 5) product ecolabel identification, 6) product coding, and 7) use of Eco-label. Documents required for reviewing: 1) application form, 2) environmental test results, and 3) quality test results. Fee for ecolabeling certification varies from applying company’s annual sales size, but Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) can get deduction support. Incentives should also be considered for ecolabeling policy implementation: 1) Government reward systems 2) Tax Reduction and 3) Government subsidy.
Among three types of institutional structures operating globally, governmental type is considered to be most suitable for Cambodian Eco-labeling scheme. Eco-labeling Committee (EC) should be established, led by MoE/NCSD. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) can be divided into two sections, investigation on illegal use of Eco-labeling certification and monitoring of certified products. Cambodia should first focus on investigation on illegal use, and then build capacity to monitor the certified products. An independent committee for monitoring is needed. The committee shall be composed of representatives from government, academia, and other experts.
In order to be consistent with world standards, Cambodia should also join the Global Eco-labeling Network (GEN). Also, Cooperation with foreign countries for Multilateral Mutual Recognition (MMR) is needed to promote overseas distribution of Cambodian Eco-labeled products in accordance with Cambodia’s Roadmap for Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP).</p
Readiness to implement the action plan to strengthen regional cooperation on social protection : Philippines
No full textIn 2020, ESCAP member States endorsed the regional Action Plan to Strengthen Regional Cooperation on Social Protection (Action Plan), which serves as a shared vision, strategy and platform for promoting partnership and peer learning and identifying needs for capacity development.
To support member States in the implementation of this first ever regional Action Plan, ESCAP has been mandated to develop a regional platform to facilitate peer learning as well as take stock of the readiness of countries to implement the Action Plan and achieve more inclusive and comprehensive social protection systems. Pilot stocktaking reports and consultations are being conducted in four countries across Asia and the Pacific, (Cambodia, Maldives, Mongolia and the Philippines) to share national experiences and pathways towards this vision.
This National Report on the Philippines’ Readiness to Implement the Action Plan to Strengthen Regional Cooperation on Social Protection aims to:• present an overview of the social protection situation, policies and approaches in the Philippines• identify the potential impact a broadening of coverage could have on poverty and other areas• initiate discussion on ways for the Government to implement the Action Plan </p
Advancing sustainable cooling in Cambodia to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions
No full textCooling links to numerous national and international sustainable development objectives and targets, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the NDCs under the Paris Agreement. Cooling’s influence on power systems, the energy transition, climate efforts and resilience is large. Yet, cooling does not receive adequate attention within national policy frameworks of either energy or environment.
A National Cooling Action Plan Methodology was initiated to support the assessment of national cooling sectors and to help establish comprehensive frameworks for meeting cooling needs in an energy-efficient and climate-friendly manner. The methodology was developed by UN Environment, ESCAP, and the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), in collaboration with members of the Cool Coalition.
The National Cooling Action Plan for Cambodia was developed, led by the Ministry of Environment of Cambodia, and supported by ESCAP and UNEP, to help put Cambodia on a pathway toward a more sustainable cooling sector. The development of the action plan engages government and non-government actors across sectors and helps link and strengthen the existing policy base related to the cooling. In the case of Cambodia, additional resources were mobilized to support the implementation of passive cooling strategies, feeding into the next round of the NDC updates.
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Birth registration in Asia and the Pacific : a classification and regression trees analysis to identify the furthest behind children
No full textThis paper investigates the determinants of birth registration in Asia and the Pacific. Drawing on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) from five representative countries in the region, namely Cambodia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Samoa, and Uzbekistan, the paper uses Classification and Regression Trees (CART) to identify the groups of children under 5 years of age who are least likely to have their birth being registered, i.e., the furthest behind groups. Results underscore significant within and cross-country disparities. The wealth of the household where the child currently resides, age of the child, educational attainment of the mother, number of children under 5 years of age in the household, and sex of the child, appear to be the most important characteristics influencing birth registration rates and identifying the furthest behind groups. The paper aims to inform policy making and interventions strategies intended at improving birth registration rates in Asia and the Pacific.</p
Unleashing Kazakhstan’s export potential : a study of the country’s export process and procedures
No full textThis report analyzes the trade process and procedures for exporting iron, steel, and metal products from Kazakhstan to European countries, specifically Latvia and France. It provides policy recommendations to enhance trade facilitation and emphasizes the importance of Kazakhstan's accession to the Framework Agreement on Facilitation of Cross-border Paperless Trade in Asia and the Pacific to enhance trade facilitation
Regulation of digital health and health data in the Asia Pacific Region
Get PDFBackground paper of Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report 2023/24: Unleashing Digital Trade and Investment for Sustainable DevelopmentThe COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital health (DH) interventions in the Asia Pacific. This is evidenced in the 2022 Global Digital Health Monitor, with 58% of ESCAP members scoring 4 or higher, countries like Australia, Malaysia, PR China, and Thailand lead in DH categories. It is critical that countries establish national DH strategies that integrate goals and resources in digital health. The integration of national DH strategies into overall health policies faces challenges in regulation, implementation, and enforcement in the Asia Pacific, including LMICs. Regulatory inconsistencies in sharing health data hinder innovations and undermine trust, particularly in developing countries with limited resources. Except for Thailand and Vietnam, the Asia Pacific lacks frameworks for secure cross-border health data exchange. Regulation of health data should balance health data protection and privacy with ensuring cross-border data flows. As a multilateral data governance regime for cross-border data flows is pending, reliance on regional and bilateral free trade agreements to regulate health data persists. Multilateral organizations can play a crucial role in establishing effective governance for secure health data exchange. Key actions include collecting best practices, enhancing policymakers' capacity, and supporting efforts to harmonize data privacy frameworks globally.Abstract............................................................................................ ivIntroduction........................................................................................... 1National DH Strategies and the Domestic Governance of Health Data in the Asia Pacific Region...........................................................................................3Regulation of Cross-border Flows of Health Data in the Asia Pacific Region........................................................................................... 5Moving Forward: Towards the Harmonization and Interoperability of Regulatory Frameworks in the Governance of Health Data ........................................................................................... 8List of references........................................................................................... 11</p
Public debt dashboard
No full text
The Public Debt Dashboard contains:
100+ indicators, calculations on public debt
comprehensive data on public debt presented at:
Asia-Pacific level
subregional level
country level
brings together data from various sources like the IMF-GFS, WEO, World Bank IDS and complemented by ESCAP calculations.
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