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If the US-China trade war is here to stay, what are the risks and opportunities for other GVC economies outside the war zone?
Get PDFOver the last three years, trade tensions between the United States (US) and China have transformed a fairly open bilateral trading environment into a rather protectionist one. The new administration of the United States has maintained most of the bilateral tariffs and non-tariff barriers put in place by the previous administration. Moreover, incentives to diversify trade partners and localisation have been intensified following COVID-19-induced global supply-chain disruptions.
Continuing bilateral trade tensions between the world’s largest economic powerhouse scan be expected to have significant impacts on the rest of the world. While it is intuitive to conclude that bilateral trade restrictions create new opportunities for others, deep economic interdependence through Global Value Chains (GVCs) complicate matters considerably. Impact assessment needs to consider supply-side relationships between each economy and the two GVC giants. Therefore, in this paper, we develop an analytical framework based on input-output data to assess how existing trade flows will be affected by tariff escalation between the US and China. The aim is to identify potential winners and losers among third-party economies.
More specifically, we used product-level data and a new UN-ESCAP WWZ decomposition technique of MRIO trade in value-added data to (1) model tariff’s impacts on US-China bilateral trade and then (2) track how third-countries might be impacted via international supply-chains: both negatively, via lower exports in affected (tariffed) links, as well as positively via enhanced exports demand in alternative ones. We find that the current trade war has been overall positive for third-party economies, shifting US 49.5 billion in net exports coming from China to the US diverted. Mexico, Canada, Republic of Korea, Germany and Japan are among the top beneficiaries. Ultimately, lingering trade tensions between the world’s two largest economies will continue to pressure international trade downwards, while accelerating pre-existing trends, such as diversification of supply chains.</p
VATIS update : biotechnology. Vol. 1, No. 85, May-Jun 2007
No full textVATIS Update Biotechnology is published 4 times a year to keep the readers up to date of most of the relevant and latest technological developments and events in the field of Biotechnology. The Update is tailored to policy-makers, industries and technology transfer intermediaries
SDG 10: Reduce inequalities
No full textDisparities in income and wealth continue to persist in the Asia-Pacific region, and are expected to widen, in part owing to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. These disparities are strongly linked to other development gaps, such as unequal access to basic services and opportunities including education, health care, financial services, the Internet, clean energy, water and sanitation. While differences in income are expected, no inequality in access to basic services and opportunities should be permissible in countries aspiring to the commitments of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Inequality is a complex and cross-cutting phenomenon. If not addressed, it threatens social cohesion, economic growth and environmental sustainability, including resilience to climate and disaster risks. The key normative principles of equality and non-discrimination are therefore at the heart of the 2030 Agenda, through the central call to Leave No One Behind (LNOB), two stand-alone goals focusing on equality (SDG 5 and SDG 10), and a commitment to disaggregate data meaningfully across all goals.
A range of policy interventions are needed to address inequality, undertaken in a coherent manner. Social protection is at the heart of these policies. To be effective, social protection policies, including access to healthcare services, should be universal and ensure that all people are covered. Tax policies are also an important tool for reducing inequality. They enable mobilization of resources for funding public investment in people, while also contributing to income and wealth redistribution. Emerging challenges, including a growing digital divide and disruptions caused by disaster events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or events linked to climate change, also call for inclusive and risk-informed responses. Finally, planned and well managed migration policies are strongly linked to equality, for example by including migrants in social protection systems and public services.Disparities in income and wealth continue to persist in the Asia-Pacific region, and are expected to widen, in part owing to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. These disparities are strongly linked to other development gaps, such as unequal access to basic services and opportunities including education, health care, financial services, the Internet, clean energy, water and sanitation. While differences in income are expected, no inequality in access to basic services and opportunities should be permissible in countries aspiring to the commitments of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Inequality is a complex and cross-cutting phenomenon. If not addressed, it threatens social cohesion, economic growth and environmental sustainability, including resilience to climate and disaster risks. The key normative principles of equality and non-discrimination are therefore at the heart of the 2030 Agenda, through the central call to Leave No One Behind (LNOB), two stand-alone goals focusing on equality (SDG 5 and SDG 10), and a commitment to disaggregate data meaningfully across all goals.
A range of policy interventions are needed to address inequality, undertaken in a coherent manner. Social protection is at the heart of these policies. To be effective, social protection policies, including access to healthcare services, should be universal and ensure that all people are covered. Tax policies are also an important tool for reducing inequality. They enable mobilization of resources for funding public investment in people, while also contributing to income and wealth redistribution. Emerging challenges, including a growing digital divide and disruptions caused by disaster events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or events linked to climate change, also call for inclusive and risk-informed responses. Finally, planned and well managed migration policies are strongly linked to equality, for example by including migrants in social protection systems and public services.</p
Asia-Pacific tech monitor. Vol. 25, No. 3, May - Jun 2008
No full textTo bloom ICT again : From a copyright law perspective / Kyoungjin Choi
Innovation management in the Indian IT industry / Rajdeep Sahrawat
DRM and the recent copyright regime : How the new regime can impact interoperability / Piengpen Butkatanyoo
Trends in the ICT industry : Production, trade and investment in the Asia Pacific / Susan Teltscher
Patentability of software-related invention / Panisa Suwanmatajarn
Intellectual property disputes : Alternative dispute resolution options / Brian Beckha
Statistical newsletter. No. 58, June 1985
No full textThe Statistical Newsletter is published quarterly by the Statistics Division of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)
A primer on quantifying the environmental benefits of cross-border paperless trade facilitation
Get PDFThe governance of international trade incurs major costs, including to the environment. Global supply chains are complex, and traditionally involve the printing, dispatching, processing, exchanging, and ultimately discarding of vast quantities of paper documents. Trade facilitation, and particularly the implementation of cross-border paperless trade, have the potential to significantly reduce these environmental burdens. We estimate the greenhouse gas savings for the Asia-Pacific and the World from implementing paperless trade by combining detailed descriptions of trade transactions, data on trading volumes and relevant emissions factors. Our results indicate that, even with conservative assumptions, the emissions savings from paperless trade implementation can be very high – driven especially by efficiency gains from handling data digitally. Still, the savings from trade digitization pale in comparison to the emissions from transport in international supply chains. </p
Inventory of smart road solutions in the context of COVID-19
No full textAs part of its work on COVID-19 and freight transport connectivity and with the support of the UNDA project on “Transport
and trade connectivity in the age of pandemics: Contactless, seamless and collaborative UN solutions”, ESCAP supports
the adoption and expansion of digital freight operations, through the use of information and communication technologies
(ICT) and intelligent transport systems (ITS).
A wide range of proven solutions can make road transport less reliant on physical contacts (contactless solutions) and
less exposed to interruptions and costs of documentary and other checks (seamless). ESCAP recent
Study Report on “Seamless and Smart Connectivity Along the Asian Highway Network in the Time of COVID-19”
shows that policy and technical solutions for seamless and smart connectivity along the Asian Highway Network already
exist and many have been implemented by other regions or sub-sets of Asia-Pacific countries.
Within this context, ESCAP has compiled a set of specific measures which can be implemented by member countries.
The recommended measures address the operational challenges of international road transport (including land border
crossings) in the face of future pandemics and crises, using new infrastructure development technologies and transport
facilitation measures.
This page offers an initial inventory of smart road solutions of relevance to COVID-19, presenting specific measures and
offering technical background information, overview of potential benefits and implementations mechanisms. The
recommended measures are based on initiatives and positive international experience and are intended to improve the
coordination and effectiveness of all stakeholders, both public and private, that are involved in the transport and logistics
sector