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    Menschen machen Räume

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    Eine Untersuchung der Lesekompetenzen im ersten Lernjahr Frühfranzösisch bei Schülerinnen und Schülern mit und ohne (Schrift-)Sprachstörungen

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    Das vorliegende Forschungsprojekt liefert erstmals Grundlagenwissen zu den französischen Lesekompetenzen von Drittklässlerinnen und Drittklässlern mit und ohne (Schrift-)Sprachstörungen. Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Lesekompetenzen in der Erstschriftsprache Deutsch einen positiven Einfluss auf den Erwerb von französischen Lesekompetenzen haben. Ausserdem konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass sich bereits nach einem Lernjahr Unterschiede in verschiedenen Teillesekompetenzen zwischen den Lernergruppen feststellen lassen. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für eine frühzeitige Erfassung verschiedener Teillesekompetenzen und eine explizite Didaktik und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehrpersonen bei denjenigen Schülerinnen und Schülern, die geringe Sprachlernstrategien aufweisen

    Der Bewegungs- und Sportunterricht im Kontext einer bewegungsfreundlichen Schule

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    Welche Art und wie viel Bewegung ist im schulischen Kontext empfohlen? Welche Effekte erzeugt körperliche Aktivität im Schulalltag? Wie lässt sich Bewegung im schulischen Alltag integrieren? Im vorliegenden Kapitel 3 werden diese Fragen anhand von existierenden wissenschaftlichen Studien, theoretischen Rahmenmodellen sowie konkreten Umsetzungstipps für den Schulalltag beantwortet

    Sexual pleasure matters – and how to define and assess it too: A conceptual framework of sexual pleasure and the sexual response.

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    Objective Sexual pleasure is central to current understandings of sexual function, health, and wellbeing. In this article, we suggest that we lack a sufficiently specific, yet encompassing, definition of sexual pleasure and that we therefore lack comprehensive assessments of sexual pleasure. We introduce a definition of sexual pleasure and position it centrally in an adapted framework of the sexual response. In the framework, we include a taxonomy of rewards which can be retrieved from sex and thereby aim to capture the multifaceted nature of sexual pleasure. Methods/Results Through narrative review, we arrive at the definition, framework, and taxonomy by integrating theories of sexual motivation and response with the literature on sexual pleasure and basic rewards. We position this literature within theories of affect and personality which allows us to differentiate between the experience of and the tendency to experience sexual pleasure (i.e., state versus trait sexual pleasure). We discuss how this conceptualization of sexual pleasure could be reflected in self-report assessments to quantitatively assess sexual pleasure. Conclusions The framework may aid to understand the role of the diverse facets of sexual pleasure in sexual function, health, and wellbeing and contribute to giving sexual pleasure the center position it deserves in sex research and therapy

    Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten und Nordafrika

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    Evaluation and application of a low-cost measurement network to study intra-urban temperature differences during summer 2018 in Bern, Switzerland

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    The understanding of intra-urban air temperature variations is crucial to assess strategies for cities' adaptation to impacts of present and future anthropogenic climate change. Depending on extensive measurement networks, high-resolution air temperature measurements in urban environments are challenging due to high instrumentation and maintenance costs. Here, we present a low-cost measurement device (LCD) consisting of a temperature logger and a custom-made, naturally ventilated radiation shield. Besides intercomparisons with automated weather stations (AWS) at three reference sites during record-dry summer 2018, we tested the potential of the devices using a network of 79 LCDs to assess the intra-urban variability of urban heat island (UHI) patterns in the city of Bern, Switzerland. We found positive mean measurement biases between LCDs and AWS of 0.61 to 0.93 K (RMSE: 0.78 to 1.17 K) during daytime, of which up to 82.8% of the variance could be explained statistically by solar irradiance (radiative heating) and wind speed (insufficient ventilation). During night, average measurement biases were markedly lower and eventually negative with −0.12 to 0.23 K (RMSE: 0.19 to 0.34 K). Our results highlight the importance of sensor intercomparisons being conducted at multiple locations with differing urban land-cover, structure, and metabolism given that biases varied considerably between the reference sites. Data retrieved by the city-wide measurement network showed that the LCD approach is well suited for the analysis of spatiotemporal UHI patterns during night and adds considerable value compared to the few existing AWS in detecting fine-scale air temperature variability. In conclusion, the current LCD measurement approach represents a valuable option for cost-effective analyses of urban air temperature variability across multiple scales, which may be of particular value for the development, appliance, and monitoring of adaptation strategies to climate change in cities with restricted financial resources

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