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The inter-unit reliability of global navigation satellite systems Apex (STATSports) metrics during a standardized intermittent running activity
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the inter-unit reliability of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) STATSports Apex metrics and to assess which metrics can be used by practitioners for the monitoring of short-distance intermittent running activities. Fifty-four male soccer players were enrolled (age = 20.7 ± 1.9 years, body mass = 73.2 ± 9.5 kg, and height = 1.76 ± 0.07 m) in this observational study. 10-Hz GNSS Apex (STATSports, Northern Ireland, Newry) units recorded total distance, high speed running (HSR), accelerations, decelerations, peak speed, average metabolic power, metabolic distance, dynamic stress load (DSL), relative distance, and speed intensity. The standardized intermitted running protocol used was a Yo-yo intermittent recovery level 1. This study reported that Apex inter-unit analysis did not show any significant difference (delta difference and 95% CIs) in total distance = 2.6 (-2.6; 7.9) m, HSR = 3.2 (-0.2; 6.8) m, accelerations = 0.09 (-0.9; 1.1), decelerations = 0.3 (-0.4; 1.1), peak speed = 0.02 (-0.03; 0.07) m.s-1, average metabolic power = 0.01 (-0.02; 0.04) W.kg-1, metabolic distance = 0.9 (-6.2; 8,0) m, DSL = 2.8 (-5.6; 10.7) au, relative distance = 0.14 (-0.19;0.47) m.min-1, and speed intensity = 0.21 (-0.21; 0.64) au. All metrics presented a delta d between trivial to small. The inter-unit intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was good or excellent for all metrics, with the exception of DSL, which was considered questionable. In conclusion, this study reports that all the metrics analysis in this study presents a low inter-unit bias and high reliability (ICC), with the exception of DS
Development of a short form of the Cardiac Distress Inventory
Get PDFBackground: Cardiac distress may be viewed as a persistent negative emotional state that spans multiple psychosocial domains and challenges a patient’s capacity to cope with living with their heart condition. The Cardiac Distress Inventory (CDI) is a disease-specific clinical assessment tool that captures the complexity of this distress. In busy settings such as primary care, cardiac rehabilitation, and counselling services, however, there is a need to administer briefer tools to aid in identification and screening. The aim of the present study was to develop a short, valid screening version of the CDI. Methods: A total of 405 participants reporting an acute coronary event in the previous 12 months was recruited from three hospitals, through social media and by direct enrolment on the study website. Participants completed an online survey which included the full version of the CDI and general distress measures including the Kessler K6, Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and Emotion Thermometers. Relationship of the CDI with these instruments, Rasch analysis model fit and clinical expertise were all used to select items for the short form (CDI-SF). Construct validity and receiver operating characteristics in relation to the Kessler K6 were examined. Results: The final 12 item CDI-SF exhibited excellent internal consistency indicative of unidimensionality and good convergent and discriminant validity in comparison to clinical status measures, all indicative of good construct validity. Using the K6 validated cutoff of ≥ 18 as the reference variable, the CDI-SF had a very high Area Under the Curve (AUC) (AUC = 0.913 (95% CI: 0.88 to 0.94). A CDI-SF score of ≥ 13 was found to indicate general cardiac distress which may warrant further investigation using the original CDI. Conclusion: The psychometric findings detailed here indicate that the CDI-SF provides a brief psychometrically sound screening measure indicative of general cardiac distress, that can be used in both clinical and research settings
Review of Rebecca Moss: Unstable Condition at Focal Point Gallery
No full textThis essay reviews Rebecca Moss' major solo show at Focal Point Gallery in Southend, examining how she compellingly deploys slapstick humour as a means for navigating various forms of crisis and working class identity
Six weeks of unilateral flywheel hip extension and leg curl training improves flywheel eccentric peak power but does not enhance hamstring isokinetic or isometric strength
Get PDFPurpose: This pre-registered trial investigated how 6-weeks of unilateral flywheel leg curl and hip extension training impact isokinetic, isometric, and flywheel strength and power outcomes. Methods: The study involved 11 male university athletes (age 22 ± 2 years; body mass 77.2 ± 11.3 kg; height 1.74 ± 0.09 m) with one leg randomly allocated to flywheel training and one leg to control. Unilateral eccentric and isometric knee flexion torque and flywheel unilateral leg curl and hip extension peak power were tested. Training intensity and volume (3-4 sets of 6+2 repetitions) was progressively increased. Results: The intervention enhanced hip extension concentric (p 0.05) time-limb interaction effect at any joint angle. Conclusion: Unilateral flywheel hamstring training improved knee flexor eccentric peak power during unilateral flywheel exercise but not flywheel concentric, isokinetic eccentric or isometric (long-lever) knee flexor strength
Translation and validation of the Japanese version of the birth satisfaction scale-revised
Get PDFAim: This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised and evaluate its reliability and validity.
Methods: After translating the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised into Japanese, we conducted an Internet-based cross-sectional study with 445 Japanese-speaking women within two months of childbirth. Of these, 98 participated in the retest one month later. Data were analyzed using the COSMIN study design checklist for patient-reported outcome measurement instruments. Content validity was evaluated through cognitive debriefing during the translation process into Japanese. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify structural and cross-cultural validities. For hypothesis testing, we tested correlations with existing measures for convergent and divergent validities, and for known-group discriminant validity, we made comparisons between types of childbirth. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s α, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient.
Results: For the Japanese-Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised, the established three-factor model fit poorly, whereas the four-factor model fit better. Full metric invariance was observed in both the nulliparous and multiparous groups. Good convergent, divergent, and known-group discriminant validities and test-retest reliability were established. Internal consistency observations were suboptimal; however for vaginal childbirth, the Cronbach’s α of the total score was 0.71.
Conclusions: The Japanese-Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised was a valid and reliable scale, with the exception of internal consistency that requires further investigation. If limited to vaginal childbirth, research, clinical applications, and international comparisons can be drawn
Adopting a constraints-led approach to enhance skill acquisition for fast bowlers in grassroots cricket
Get PDFIn this quantitative study, a bespoke coaching drill was designed and tested over a 16-week period with the ultimate aim of improving the bowling accuracy of 6 participant seam bowlers. This experiment consisted of 6 participants that were all male and had a mean age of 19.5 7.5, mean height (cm) of 184.75 5.57 and mean weight (kg) of 78.05 9.87. Due to the repeated measures experimental design, paired samples t-tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of this coaching intervention and compare performances between the “control” phase and the “training” phase. Results revealed that this purposely designed coaching drill led to a significant improvement of bowling lines (p < 0.001) with a moderate effect size and bowling lengths (p < 0.001) with a large effect size. This coaching intervention did not however have any significant effect upon bowling discipline (p = 0.134). Evidence is discovered proving that the regular repetition of exercises over a prolonged period of time can ultimately enhance motor skill refinement. From a practical perspective, coaches can replicate the drill introduced in this study as a means of skill acquisition and skill refinement for their seam bowlers
Public engagement with genomics
Get PDFAs detailed in its flagship report, Genome UK, the UK government recognises the vital role that broad public engagement across whole populations plays in the field of genomics. However, there is limited evidence about how to do this at scale. Most public audiences do not feel actively connected to science, are oftenunsure of the relevance to their lives and rarely talk to their family and friends about; we term this dis-connection a 'disengaged public audience'. We use a narrative review to explore: (i) UK attitudes towards genetics and genomics and what may influence reluctance to engage with these topics; (ii) innovative public engagement approaches that have been used to bring diverse public audiences into conversations about the technology. Whilst we have found some novel engagement methods that have used participatory arts, film, social media and deliberative methods, there is no clear agreement on best practice. We did not find a consistently used, evidence-based strategy for delivering public engagement about genomics across diverse and broad populations, nor a specific method that is known to encourage engagement from groups that have historically felt (in terms of perception) and been (in reality) excluded from genomic research. We argue there is a need for well-defined, tailor-made engagement strategies that clearly articulate the audience, the purpose and the proposed impact of the engagement intervention. This needs to be coupled with robust evaluation frameworks to build the evidence-base for population-level engagement strategies. [Abstract copyright: Copyright: © 2023 Middleton A et al.
Randomised pragmatic waitlist trial with process evaluation investigating the effectiveness of peer support after brain injury: protocol
Get PDFIntroduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important global health problem. Formal service provision fails to address the ongoing needs of people with TBI and their family in the context of a social and relational process of learning to live with and adapt to life after TBI. Our feasibility study reported peer support after TBI is acceptable to both mentors and mentees with reported benefits indicating a high potential for effectiveness and likelihood of improving outcomes for both mentees and their mentors.
Objectives: To (a) test the effectiveness of a peer support intervention for improving participation, health and well-being outcomes after TBI and (b) determine key process variables relating to intervention, context and implementation to underpin an evidence-based framework for ongoing service provision.
Methods and analysis: A randomised pragmatic waitlist trial with process evaluation. Mentee participants (n=46) will be included if they have moderate or severe TBI and are no more than 18 months post-injury. Mentor participants (n=18) will be people with TBI up to 6 years after injury, who were discharged from inpatient rehabilitation at least 1 year prior. The primary outcome will be mentee participation, measured using the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire after 22 weeks. Primary analysis of the continuous variables will be analysis of covariance with baseline measurement as a covariate and randomised treatment as the main explanatory predictor variable at 22 weeks. Process evaluation will include analysis of intervention-related data and qualitative data collected from mentors and service coordinators. Data synthesis will inform the development of a service framework for future implementation.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval has been obtained from the New Zealand Health and Disability Ethics Committee (19/NTB/82) and Auckland University of Technology Ethics Committee (19/345). Dissemination of findings will be via traditional academic routes including publication in internationally recognised peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration number: ACTRN12619001002178
Review of Vanessa Billy and Emma McNally: Time Spirals at Large Glass gallery
No full textThis essay discusses the exhibition Time Spiral that presented the works of Vanessa Billy and Emma McNally in dialogue with one another. In my review, I focus upon the materiality essential to their practices