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Clinical survey of septal deflection of the nose
No full text의학과/석사[한글]
著者는 鼻中隔彎曲症의 臨床的考察이라는 題目下에, 1956年 4月 1日부터 1957年 3月 31 日까지의 1年間, 세브란스病院 耳鼻咽喉科를 訪問한 外來患者中 鼻中隔彎曲症으로 診斷을 받은 患者 總 249名에 對하여 原因的關係 及 年齡的關係, 全耳鼻咽喉疾患 及 鼻科疾患에 對한 頻度, 彎曲側과 彎曲의 種類, 臨床的症候 及 그 呼訴期間의 比較 彎曲側과 反對側에 共存한 鼻科疾患과의 相互關係, 그리고 共存한 他臟器의 疾患等 全般에 걸쳐 考察하였다.
그 結果 原因的關係는 過去 特히 어렸을 때 鼻外傷을 받은 者가 5名(2.01%) 鼻茸에 依한 壓迫으로 因한 者가 3名(1.2%) 나머지 241名(96.19%)은 先天的 及後天的 發育異常으로 본다. 性別은 男子가 211名(84.74%) 女子가 38名(15.26%)으로서, 男子가 女子의 約 5.5
倍이다. 年齡的關係는 4歲부터 64歲까지 있으며 그 中 18歲에서 23歲까지의 靑年層에 가장 많으며, 146名(58.68%)으로서 全體의 半以上을 차지하고, 그 中에서도 20歲에서 가장 많으며 36名(14.46%)이다. 이보다 年令이 연소하거나 많을수록 그 數는 차차 적어진다. 耳鼻咽喉科患者 總 3872名에 對한 鼻科患者 總 996名의 頻度는 25.72%이고 鼻中隔彎曲症患者 總 249名은 6.44%이다. 그리고 全鼻科患者에 對한 鼻中彎曲症의 頻度는 25%로서 1/4에 該當할 種類는 이 5名(2/01%) 이 55名(22.09%) 單純彎曲症이 123名(49.40%), 分類되지 않은 것이 66名(26.50%)이다. 彎曲側을 比較하면 右側彎曲이 89名(35.74%), 左側彎曲이 137名(55.02%), 兩側彎曲이 8名(3.24%)이고 左側彎曲이 가장 많으며 全體의 1/2以上을 차지하고 있다. 臨床的症候를 보면 鼻閉鎖가 174名(70%)이고, 彎曲側과 同側에 18名(1
0.8%) 反對側에 1名(0.6%), 兩側에 11名(6.6%), 分類되지 않은 例가 144名(82%)이다. 頭痛은 153名(61.45%)이며 鼻漏는 117名(47%), 嗅覺障害가 22名(8.84%), 記憶力減退 及 注意力減退가 17名(6.83%), 全身倦怠感이 17名(6.8%), 後鼻孔漏가 13名(5.22%), 鼻內痂皮形成이 7名(2.8%), 鼻出血이 8名(3.2%), 鼻內疼痛이 6名(2.4%), 鼻內乾燥感이 8名(3.2%) 等이고 聽覺障害가 25명(10.04%), 視力障害가 4명(1.61%), 耳漏는 4名(1.61%) 그밖에도 鼻聲音 呼吸困難 神經喪 耳鳴 聲 不眠症 咳嗽 眩鼻 等도 若于있다. 이런 症候들의 呼訴期間은 1個月 以內가 46名(18.48%), 1年이 52名(20.88%)으로서 가장 많다. 共存한 鼻科疾患을 보면, 慢性上 洞炎은 全部 46名(18.4%)이며 彎曲側과 同側에 9名(19.5%) 反對側에 10名(21.5%) 兩側에 16名(34.4%) 分類되지 않은 것이 11名(24.6%)이다. 肥厚性鼻炎은 全部 58名(23.2%)이며 彎曲側과 同側에 1名(1.7%) 反對側에 22명(37.4%) 兩側에 28名(47.6%) 分類되지 않은 것이 7名(13.3%)이다. 鼻茸 及 茸 中甲介는 全部 12名(4.8%)이며 彎曲側돠 同側에 1명(8.3%) 反對側에 3名(24.9%) 兩側에 5名(41.5%) 分類되지 않은 것이 3名(25.3%)이다.
그外도 急性鼻炎이 3名(1.2%) 慢性鼻炎 性鼻炎 等이 各各 1名 이었다. 共存한 他臟器의 症患을 보면 慢性中耳가다루는 全部 8名(3.4%)이며 彎曲側과 同側에 2名 反對側에 2名 兩側에 4名이고 慢性化膿性中耳炎은 全部 3名(1.2%)이며 彎曲側과 同側에 2名, 反對側
에 1名이고 慢性肥厚性 扁桃腺炎이 11名(4.4%) 性咽喉頭炎이 5名(2.0%) 耳癤이 2名(0.8%)이다.
過去에는 頭痛이나 鼻閉鎖 鼻 等을 主訴로 病院을 訪問한 患者에게, 甲介切除術, 鼻茸摘出術, 上 洞切開術, 內科的對症療法 等을 많이 했으나, 이런 治療方法들만으로서는 患者의 苦痛을 完全히 除去하지는 못하였다. 그러나 그런 患者들에게 있는 鼻中隔彎曲症
을 矯正해줌으로서 患者의 苦痛을 많이 除去할 수 있게 되었다. 그러므로 著者는 特히 18歲 乃至 23歲사이의 젊은 靑年 學生層에 많은, 鼻中隔彎曲症에 對한 重要性을 認識하고 이에 對한 考察로서 不足하지만 耳鼻咽喉科學界뿐만 아니라 一般醫學界 及 社會에도 多少 나마 貢獻이 될 수 있기를 祈願하는 바이다.
[영문]
The author generally describes the clinical survey of septal deflection on the etiology, sex, age, incidence, classification, deviated side, clinical manifestations, relationship between septal deflection and coexisting shinologic diseases and coexisting diseases of other organs, from 249 patients who visited Severance Hospital for one year from April, 1956 to Mar. 31, 1967.
Etiology : Of 249 cases, 5 cases (2.01%) had grauma on the face in the past, especially in the childhood, 3 cases (1.2%) had pressure factor by nasal polyps, and the rest, 241 cases (96.19%) seem to be developmental origin as there was no contributing acquired cause and as they have higher arched palate.
Incidence : Of 249 cases, 211 cases (84.7%) are made. This is more frequent in male than female, male is about 5.5 times as many as female. All the cases are distributed on the group from 4 to 64 years of age, among them the young adults, from 18 to 23 years of age, occupies 146 cases (58.68%), and this is more than a half of all cases. Most of the young adults are students, and so this is the great problem in this symmetrically. For total 3872 cases of ear, nose and throat patients, total 996 cases of rhinologic patients are 25.72 per cent and total 249 cases of septal deflection are 6.44 per cent. But the incidence of septal
deflection for the shinologic patients is 25 per cent and a quarter, and so septal deflection is one of the common and improtant rhinologic diseases.
Classification : The author classifies the septal deflection into 3 types : spina, orista and simple deviation. There are 5 cases (2.01%) of spinam 55 cases(22.09%) of crista, and 123 cases (49.40%) of simple deviation. The rest, 66 cases are unclassified. Among them simple deviteresting thing to observe the direction of the deflection. By the author's survey, there are 137 cases (55.02%) of septal deflection to the left side and 89 cases (35.74%) of septal deflection to the right side. The left side is more frequent than the right side, and occupies about a half of all cases.
Clinical Manifestations : - There are various symptoms and signs of this diseases : there are 174 cases (70%) of nasal obstruction which is the most important subjective symptom, and it is mainly in the convex side, but alternating stuffiness is not uncommon. Headache is the next important and most troublesome subjective symptom. In this survey, there are 153 cases (61.46%). Of course, there are various degrees in headache, but frontal headache is more frequent than any other regional headaches. This headache interrupts the young students who have this disease, and
1st them visit the hospital forits relief. Rhinorrhea is also an important symptom and there is 117 cases (47%). This rhinorrhea is probably hypersecreted by the inflammation of the mucosa of nasal cavity and accessory sinuses. Its character is purulent and ratory of serous. The purulent dischargo usually has a foul odor, and there are 86 cases all together, and it is about 2.8 times as many as watery or serous rhinorrhea. Hyposmia or anosmia due to the nasal obstruction that prevents the inspired air current to reach the nasal roof area where the offactory nerve endings are distributed. There are 22 cases (8.84%). There are 17 cases of general malaise, 13 cases of postnasal drip, 17 cases of amnesia and aproseria nasalis, 8 cases of spistaxis, 7 cases of crust formation in the nasal cavity, 6 cases of pain in the nose, 8 cases of dryness in the nasal cavity, 25 cases of hearing impairment, 4 cases of visual disturbance, and 4 cases of otorrhea. Besides these there are rhinolalia, dyspnea, neurasthenia, tinnitus, hoarseness, insomnia, cough and dizziness. Duration of ohief complaints is variable; 46 cases before one month and 52 cases in one year duration are the highest peak, and after then the cases are gradually deoreased.
Relationship between the septal deflection and the coezisting Rhinologio diseases; Chronic manillary sinusitis is the most important and frequent disease. There are 46 cases (18.4%) of all cases. Especially it is more frequent in the concave side, because hyperventilation and the easily invaded inflammation disturb the physiological funotions of cilia and mucosa in the nasal cavity and accessory sinuses. But there are many cases in both sides, this seems to be due to the long duration of ohief complaints without any treatment or by the improper treatment.
Hypertrophic turbinate is also important, and it is sometimes inflammatory. The most of them are hypertrophy of the inferior turbinates, especially the inferior turbinate of the concave side is physiologioally enlarged to control the nasal air current. It is a sort of adjusting phenomenon. But there are many cases in both sides, this is also the reason as in the chronic maxillary sinusitis. There is 58 cases (23.2%) of hypertrophic rhinitis of all cases. There are 12 cases (4.8%) of nasal polyp and polypcid middle turbinate of all cases. There are also more frequent is the concave side, and these are very important factor in the etiology of this disease. Besides these, there are some acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis and strophic rhinitis, but their relationship with this disease is not clearly mown.
Relationship between the septal defletion and the ocexistion diseases of other organs; -Chronic Catarrhal Otitis Media is one of the common diseases in this subject. By the author's survey, there are 8 cases (3.2%) of all cases, and the half of them are bileteral. It seems to be due to the direct transmission of the
inflammation from the nose to the ear for a long time. But it can be occurred primarily. There are 11 cases(4.4%) of ohronic hypertrophic tonsillitis, 5 cases of chronic pharynglaryngitis, 3 cases of chronic purulent otitis media, and 2 cases of otofuruncle. These diseases can be occurred primarily too, but usually the infection that is originated from the nose provokes these diseases gradually.
In the past, the patients who had headache, stuffiness, gyperrhinorrhea etc, were treated by the manner of turbinectomy, polypectomy, sinusotomy, medical symptomatic therapy etc,. Nevertheless their sufferings were not relieveed completely, they
were only relieved by the septectomy, the correction of the septal deviation that were existed in these patients at the same time. And so the author recognised the importance of this disease that is mainly complained by the young students, and studied this disease clinically. This thesis is poor and has less cases. However, the author hopes this thesis can be contributed somewhat to the field of otolaryngology, medioine and the society.restrictio
Ascorbic acid contents in serum and its excretion in urine of normal Korean people.
No full text의학과/석사[한글]
[영문]
The contents of ascorbic acid in serum and 24 hour urins my excretion of ascorbic acid of normal Korean people has been determined by means of spectrophotometric and titrine tric methods which use 2-6 dichlorophenolindophenol.
As a result of these tests the averge value of ascorbic acid in serum is 0.59±0.043 mg%, and 24 hours urinary excretion is 6.6±0.55 mg/24hr..
A seasonal variation of ascorbic acid contents of serum and urinary excretion is observed.;
The contents of ascorbic acid in serum is 0.41±0.042 mg% in the spring, 0.52±0.056mg% in the summer and 0.7-1 + 0.076 mg% in the autumn and winter. The excretion of ascorgie acid in 24 hour urine is 4.4±0.2 mg in the spring and 8.8±0.5 mg in the winter.restrictio
Studies on the blood vascular system of the hearts of Koreans
No full text해부학교실/박사[한글]
[영문]
Part 1.
The Coronary Artery
The hearts of a hundred bodies of average Koreans have been used in this study. The coronary arteries having been morphologically observed, the following results were obtained.
1. The openings of the right coronary arteries which were;
inside the aortic sinus.....................84%
at the border of the aortic sinus...........10%
outside the aortic sinus.................... 6%
The openings of the left coronary arteries which were;
inside the aortic sinus.....................54%
at the border of the aortic sinus........... 3%
outside the aortic sinus....................16%
2. The length of an average left coronary artery from where it originated at the aortic sinus to the point it diverged into two main branches, the R. interventricularis and the R. circumflexus, was 9.64 mm.
3. The furcation of the main stem of a left coronary artery was such that 70% of them had bifucated and 30% trifurcated, there was no quadrifurcation observed.
4. Of the right and left coronary arteries, 73% of them had bigger left coronary arteries and 25% bigger right coronary arteries.
5. An average diameter of a right coronary artery was 2.80 mm. and that of a left coronary artery was 3.17 mm. 81% of them had the R. interventrioularis of the left coronary arteries bigger in diameter than the R. circumflexus and 19% were smaller.
83% had a right coronary artery bigger in diameter than the R. circumflexus and 16% were smaller.
6. Distribution of the branches of a right coronary artery in the posterior surface of the heart was more highly developed than the R. circumflexus.
7. If the relateve distribution of the right and left coronary arteries was divided in aocordance with the classification method of Adaohi, it would be as follows:
Type Ⅰ....15%, Type.... 60%
Type Ⅱ....17%, Ⅲa and Ⅲb.... 8%
8. Those which had A. adiposa were 88%, and 28% of them had it directly originated from the sinus aortae ventralis.
9. In the matter of the relative distribution types of the right and left coronary arteries of the hearts, the degree of similarity of the Koreans with other races was generally close to what Dr. Seki had observed from the Japanese.
10. As a variation, one coronary branch shot out of the opening of a right coronary artery. At a glance, it seemed as if there were three coronary arteries.
11. A close investigation has been made on the numbers of branches of the right and left arteries which were distributed from the ventricle and the auricle.
Part Ⅱ.
The veins of the Heart
The hearts of 93 bodies of average Koreans have been used as materials for this study. The veins of the heart have been observed from in the morphological view point, with and the following results:
(1). The examples of the Valvula Vieussenii found in the Ditalis of the Sinus Coronarius are 62.4%, and those not found in the Distalis of the Sinus Coronarius are 25.8%.
(2). Of 58 cases that have the valves, those only with one valve are 30(51.8%), those with two valves 28(48.3%), and none with three valves are found.
(3). The surface of the Sinus Coronarius are covered with Cardiac Muscle fibres in 70 hearts (75.2%) and they are not covered with in 6 hearts (6%).
(4). There is one case found, as a variation of the Sinus is lacking.
(5). The examples of the V. Cordis magna anastomosed (a) with the V. marginis Acuti are 2.2% and one case is found of the V. magna Cordis anastomosed (b) with the V. Cordis Ventrales, and examples of the V. magna Cordis anastomosed (c) with he V. interventrioularis Dorsalis Cordis are 70, and those anastomosed big branches are 20 (21.5%).
(6). The V. interventricularis dorsalis cordis has been found in all 93 cases. The examples of the veins opening in the Sinus Coronarius are 91 (97.8%) and those directly opening in the right Auricles are 2 (2.2%). There are 8 examples that the veins are anastomosed with branches of the V. marginis acuti, and three of them anastomosed with the V. marginis obtusi, are found.
(7). 56 (60.2%) cases have the V. cordis parva and 37 (39.8%) do not have it. The examples of the V. cordis parva opening in the Sinus Coronarius are 50 (53.77%) and those opening in the V. interventrioularis dorsalis cordis are 63 (64%).
(8). The examples of the V. obliqua atrii sinistri (Marshalli) found are 65 (69.9%) and those without the V. obliqua atii sinist are 28 (30.1%). And it has been found that in 41 (63.1%) cases the veins are opening in the Sinus coronarius and that in 63 cases (9.2%) they are opening in the V. cordis magna. There are 18 cases (27.7%) in which the openings can hardly be determined.
(9). The Vv. cordis ventralis (Vv cordis anteriares) has been found in 87 (92.5%) cases. Those which have (2-3) veins are found in 74 cases (85.1%) and none are observed that have more than five veins.
(10). The V. dorsalis ventriculi sinistri has been found in all 93 cases. The examples which have 3-4 veins are 61 (65.4%). There is one example that has one, and another that has seven of them.
(11). The Venae minimae Thebesii is mostly seen in the right auricle.
Author's Abstractrestrictio
(The) effects of water soluble vitamins on the changes of endocrine glands
No full text의학과/박사PART - I.
THE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C ON THE CHANGES OF THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS PRODUCED BY
HYPERVITAMINOSIS D
The continued administration of excessive amounts of Vitamin D leads to a serious disorder of calcium metabolism known as hypervitaminosis D. The condition is by means uncommon. Kagawa, Stock, Haymann, Guerrant, Ido, Mulligan and other workers have done extensive work on experimental hypervitaminosis D.
Strange as it may sound, though studies on various organs in hyperviataminosis D were carried out, the endocrine glands in hypervitaminosis have not been so. On the other hand, Lee has shown that arteriosclerosis produced by excessive administration of vitamin D was significantly reduced or improved by administration of Vitamin C parenterally during or following vitamin D administration.
A voluminous literature has accumulate concerning the effects of vitamin C on every function of the body. Ascorbic acid is involved in carbohydrate metabolism, as evidenced by the fact that scorbutic animals exhibit hyperglycemia, reduced glucose tolerance, low hepatic glycogen content, and are resistant to insulin. And also it is a well Known fact that ascorbic acid occurs in high concentration in both the cortex and medulla of the adrenals.
These facts led to the approach of the problem from a new angle.
Rabbits were divided in groups as follows:
Control group: Five normal rabbits on a normal laboratory diet consisting of hay, vegetables and residium of bean curd.
Group 1; This group consisted of 5 rabbits who were fed on a normal laboratory diet plus the addition daily of 15,000 units of vitamin D (ovoral, Fujisawa Pharm. Co.) for each rabbit for 60 days.
Group 2; this group was placed on the same regimen as Group 1 and in addition received daily 25mgm. of vitamin C (vitacimin, Takeda Pharm. Co.) intravenously.
Group 3; This group was placed on the same regimen as Group 1 for 60 days and thereafter put on a normal laboratory diet as a control group for another 60 days.
Group 4; This group was placed on the same regimen as Group 1 for 60 days and thereafter put on a normal diet and in addition received daily 25mgm. of vitamin C intravenously for 60 days.
Group 5; This group was placed on the same diet as Group 1 for 60 days following aseptic castration. (Castration was done 20 days before the vitamin D feeding)
Group 6; This group was placed on the same regimen as Group 2 following aseptic castration.
At the end of the experiment the rabbits were sacrificed by injecting air into the auricular veins and then subjected to study.
1) The endocrine glands of the rabbits that received excessive amounts of vitamin D had shown moderate to high degree degeneration with exhaustion appearence. The changes were most marked in anterior pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal
cortex. these changes of the endocrine glands of rabbits that received vitamin C in addition injected intravenously were definitely lessened.
2) More withdrawal of vitamin D lessens the changes of the endocrine glands due to continued administration of excessive amount of vitamin D. This improvement was accelerated by additional administration of vitamin C.
3) The endocrine glands of castrated rabbits that received excessive amount of vitamin D showed a moderate degree of degeneration but less prominent than in the case on non-castrated rabbits.
PART-Ⅱ
THE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B^^1 ON THE CHANGES OF THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS PRODUCED IN
RABBITS BY LANDLIN FEEDING.
Experimental production of arteriosolerosis in rabbits has been accomplished by several workers. Anitschkow and Chalatow, Baily and others, have used various sorts of diets high in fats or fat-like substances to produce these changes.
Certain facts led to approach of the problem from a new angle. The relationshop between endoorine glands and fat metabolism suggested that the endoorine might be concerned in these changes directly or indirectly.
Ludden and Bruger found that testosterone propionate or estradial benzoate inhibit the arteriosclerotic changes in the female. The importance of the adrenal cortex and thyroid in cholesterol metabolism is well recognized.
So for as is known, the only therapeutie value of thiamine is in the treatment or prophylaxis of thiamine deficiency. But we know that many endoorine glande ar also related to carbohydrae metabolism and thismine subserves an important funcion in the intermediary metabolism of carbohydrate.
The rabbits were divided in groups as follows:
Control group; Five normal rabbits on a normal laboratory diet consistingg of hay, vegetables and residium of bean ourd.
Group 1; This group consisted of 5 rabbits who were fed on a normal laboratory diet plus the daily addition of 10 grams of anhydrous lanolin for each rabbit for 60 days.
Group 2; This group was placed on the same high fat diet as Group 1 and in addition received daily 10 mgm of thiamine hydrochloride (Squibb & sons, E.R.) injected intravenously.
Group 3: This group was placed on the same high fat diet as Group 1 for 60 days and thereafter put on a normal laboratory diet as a control group for another 60 days.
Group 4; This group was placed on the same high fat diet as Group 1 for 60 days and thereafter put on a mormal diet and in addition received daily 10mgm of thiamine hydrochloride for 60 days.
Group 5; This group was placed on the same diet as Group 1 for 60 days following aseptio castration. (castration was done 20 days before the lanolin feeding)
Group 6; This group was placed on the same diet as Group 2 following aseptic castration.
On the sixtieth day one hundred and twentieth day the rabbits were saorificed by injecting air into the auricular veins. Immediate postmortem was performed and subjected to study.
1) The endocrine glands of the rabbits who were fed on a high fat diet showed a moderate degree of degeneration with lipiodosis and "exhaustion" appearance in general, especially in the anterior pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal cortex. Those changes were less prominent in the rabbits who received vitamin B^^1 injected intravenously in addition.
2) The endocrine glands of the rabbits that had the high fat diet discontinued after a definite period showed definite improvement. More withdrowal of the high fat diet lessened considerably the changes in endoorine glands due to the high fat
diet.
Improvement was accelerated by addititional administration for vitamin B^^1.
3) The endocrine glands of the castrated rabbits that were fed on a high fat diet showed a moderate degree of degeneration with lipiodosis in general but less prominent than with non-castrated rabbits. (Author's abstract)restrictio
A Study on 100 cases of ectopic pregnancy
No full text의과 산부인과학전공/석사[영문]
[한글]
A STUDY ON 100 CASES OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Jae Yeoung Ahn, M.D.
Department of obstetrics (?????????????) Severance Union Medical College
The author observed 100 cases of ectopic pregnancy (???????) (?????) hospital
from Jan., 1953 to NOv. 20, 1956 carefully in detail (????????) aspects, and the
following conclusions were gained.
1) In the past history of ectopic pregnancy, gonorrhea was 44.6%, and abortion
was 38% (natural abortion 16%, artificial abortion 22%). The author believes these
two diseases are the causes of increased incidence of ectopic pregnancy (??)nce the
World War Ⅱ.
2) Various antibiotics that were imported since the World War Ⅱ, (????)icularly
peniciline was used in the past inflammatory diseases of the genitialia in 56% of
all patients. The complete obstruction of the tube due to severe salpingitis has
been decreased by the use of (?????)tics, and the incidence of ectopic prognancy
has been increased by the mild tubal stenosis due to the complication of
antibiotics therepy.
3) In the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, preasure sansation on rectum at the
onset of abdominal pain was seen in 74% of all patients, and so it is reliable in
its diagnosis.
4) As a cause of difficult coagulability of the accoumlated blood in the
peritoneel cavity, the defibrination theory is much reliable, and the author will
research this problem with much interest.
5) In ectopic pregnancy, genital bleeding was seen in 90% and abdominal pain was
100%. In the genital bloeding, it was seen in 52% before abdominal pain; 28% were
with abddominal pain; and only 10% were after abdominal pain.
6) There was no dea case in 100 cases of ectopic pregnancy.restrictio
電擊痙攣이 家兎血液凝固 時間에 미치는 影響
No full text의과/석사[영문]
[한글]
Author has experimented as follows
1) The typical epileptic convulsion was appeared when electric shock treated on
norcal rabbits with a 30-100 volt(60 cycle, 100-300mAp) about 2-10 seconds. Blood
coaguistion time was shorten remarkably 30 minutes after electric shood and
recevered to nored to normal value 7 hours latter.
2) No resarkable difference on blood ocagulation time was recognised betwees
electric shock and Pierotoxin, Cardissol, strychnine convulsion on normal rabbits.
3) When the electric shock treated on Vagotomised rabbits there was not
significnat difference on blood ocagulation time comparing to that of electric
shock reated on normal rabbits.
4) Prelongation of blood coagulation time was recognised when electric shock
treatment proceeded on splanohnictomised rabbits and Urethane protreatmented
rabbits.
5) Shortening of blood ocagulation time was highly accelerated when electric
shock was given on pretreamented with adrenalihe.
6) It seems that the shortening of blood coagulation time induced by electric
shock treatment is caused by adrenaline secretiondue to stimulating central origin
of sympathetic nervous system.restrictio
Tumors of the larynx a statistical study of 200 cases in Korea
No full text의학과/석사[한글]
필자(筆者)는 한국인 후두종양(韓國人 喉頭腫瘍)에 관한 통계학적(統計學的)인 연구(硏
究)의 일면(一面)으로서 1951∼1956에 이르는 약 5개년에 걸쳐서 제1표에서와 같이 대한
민국(大韓民國) 5대 병원(五大病院)에서 보아온 후두종양 환자 200예(例)를 가지고, 그의
발생율(發生率), 연령(年令), 성별(性別) 및 기타(其他)에 관(關)하여, 주(主)로 이것을
통계학적인 견지(見地)에서 고찰(考察)하여 보았으며, 외국증예(外國症例)와의 비교검토
(比較檢討)로 얻은 결론(結論)이 이들 통계학적(통계학(統計學)적(的))인 연구분야(硏究
分野)에 있어서 백지상태(白紙狀態)에 있는 이 나라 학계(學界)에 조금이라도 도움이 되
며 앞으로의 사계 연구발전(斯界硏究發展)에 효시(嚆矢)가 되기를 바라는 것이다.
이 논문(論文)에 있어서 전증예(全症例)에 대한 남녀(男女)의 비(比)는 약(約) 4:1(159
:41)을 보이고 있으며 과거(過去)에 비하여서 매년(每年) 점진적(漸進的)인 증예수(症例
數)의 증가(增加)를 보여주고 있다. 이곳 모든 증예(症例) 가운데 양성(良性) 및 악성종
양(惡性腫瘍)의 비(比)는 거의 같은 것이었으며, 양성종양 중(中)의 53.4%가 Polyp이며,
다음이 Papilloma의 약(約) 28%, Chronic inflammation의 약 10% 및 기타(其他)의 순(順)
으로 되어 있다. 한편 악성종양에 있어서는 암종(癌腫)이 거의 전부(全部)인 98.7%를 차
지하고 있으며, 이들의 대부분(大部分)은 Squamous cell Carcinoma였다. 여기에서 외국증
예(外國症例) 가운데 특히 미국증예와의 비교(比較)를 보건대, 양성종양 중에서 가장 많
은 것은 역시 Polyp으로서 양자(兩者)가 다 같은 결론(結論)을 보이고 있으나, 미국증예
에 있어서는 Vocal nodules의 수(數)가 Papilloma에 비하여서 월등(越等) 많은데 반(反)
하여 우리나라에 있어서는 Papilluma가 Vocal nodules 수의 약 11배(倍)나 되는 숫자(數
字)를 보이고 있는 반대(反對)의 현상(現象)을 나타내고 있으며 여기에 이 나라 후두양성
종양의 특수성(特殊性)을 제시(提示)하고 있다. 또한 악성종양의 대부분(大部分)을 차지
하고 있는 Carcinoma에 있어서도 그들의 Cancer-age 및 평균연령(平均年齡)을 보건대 한
국사람에게 있어서는 미국인(美國人)에 비하여서 약 5.8세(歲)나 젊은 남성(男性)에 많다
는 결론(結論)을 내고 있다. 또한 이들 Carcinoma에서의 남녀(男女)의 비(比)는 각각 미
국인에 있어서 약 12:1, 한국인에 있어서 14.6:1의 비(比)를 보이고 있으며 이들 가운데
서 악성화(惡性化)된 2예(例)의 Papilloma 증예를 볼 수 있었다.
1955년도(年度)에 있어서 본 우리나라사람의 이들 전체종양(全體腫瘍)에 대한 발병율(
發病率)은 인구(人口) 약 17만명(萬名)에 있어서 환자(患者) 1명의 비(比)이었으며, 이것
은 도한 앞으로의 한국인 후두종양 증예의 이동율(移動率)을 보는데 있어서 적으나마 도
움이 되리라고 믿는다.
필자(筆者)는 이 밖에도 이 나라의 후두종양 증예가 차지하고 있는 현상(現狀)과 특수
성(特殊性) 및 기타(其他)에 관하여도 여러모로 검토(檢討) 고찰(考察)을 가(加)하였으며
, 이들의 결과(結果)가 적으나마 한국 사계장래(斯界將來)에 공헌(貢獻)될 수 있기를 기
원(期願)하는 것이다.
[영문]
In recently, the many studies and developments of oncology were carried out and
they become an independent special field as a part of Pathology.
Clinically the oncological study and its analysis are very important and one of
the interesting problems of this field. Recognizing the cases of tumor of the
larynx, their clinical study in otolaryngologic field has been done.
On looking over the literature regarding these conditions no report were found as
a statistical analysis of tumor of the larynx as this series in Korea. The author,
therefore, reports the following series.
This paper presents a statistical study of 200 cases of benign and malignant
tumors of the larynx, taken from the records of the laryngoscopic clinics of five
large hospitals in Korea. They were verified histologically during the five-year
period 1951-1956. The statistical study of tumors of the larynx has been made in
Korean cases. The incidence, age distribution and sex ratio of the cases will be
considered. The author hopes these results will be helpful for further study in
this field.
Incidence
Comparison with the total number of cases diagnosed at the laryngoscopic clinics
during the five-year period indicates an increased incidence as the following Table
1. shows :
Table 1. -- Total number of cases with laryngeal growths
Period 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 Total
Males - 6 16 38 62 37 159
Females 1 - 7 10 14 9 41
Total 1 6 23 48 76 46 200
We must consider that the cause of the very small number of cases in 1951 and
1952 is that they could not attend the hospital for the treatment of their diseases
because of the Korean war.
In benign and malignant tumor cases of the larynx, slightly more frequent in
benign cases than in malignant but the ratio between the cases is almost equal.
In a study of benign tumors of the larynx in Korea, it is found that the
commonest of such tumors are localized polyps (53.4 per cent). Next in order of
frequency were papillomas (28 per cent), chronic inflammation (10 per cent), and
the other conditions were fibromas, singers' nodules, glottic webs, varix, and
keratosis.
Table 2. -- Total number of tumors of the larynx
(verified by microscopic er?mination of tissue)
Tumors Males Female Total
Benign Tumors : 80 36 116
Polyp(edematous fibromata) 44 18 62
Papilloma 20 12 32
Chorinic Inflammation 8 3 11
Fibroma 3 1 4
Singer's Nodules 2 1 3
Glottic Web 2 - 2
Varix - 1 -
Keratosis 1 - 1
Precancerous Conditions : 3 - 3
Papilloma 2 - 2
Leukoplakia 1 - 1
Malignant Tumors : 74 5 79
Carcinoma 73 5 79
Sarcoma 1 - 1
Others 2 - 2
Total 159 41 200
98.7 per cent of the malignant tumors are carcinoma nost of which are squamous
celled.
Comparison with other data of American cases, the most part of benign tumors is
laryngeal polyps shows the half as much as total number of benign cases in Korea
and in U.S.A. similarly.
The ratio between the papilloma and singers' nodules is 1:2 in U.S.A., and 11:1
in Korea. In Korea and in U.S.A., the ratio of papiloma is 3:1 and of vocal nodules
is 1:6 on the contrary. The author believes these means the one of the speciality
of Korean cases of benign tumor of the larynx.
In 1955, the censes of Korea reveals 21,502,386 of population and the incidential
ratio of Korean laryngeal tumors cases is one patient per 170,000 population, and
this will be a basis for the study of ratio of cases in the future in Korea.
Sex and Age
In this series there were 159 males (79.5 per cent) and 41 females (20.5 per
cent), about four times more frequent in men than in women. In U.S.A., the ratio
between the sexes is about equal.
It has long been recognized that laryngeal carcinoma is predominantly a disease
of males. In Korea and in U.S.A., their sex ratio is 12:1 and 14.6:1 and their
average cancer-age shows a ratio of 53.1 to 58.9 of age. Of this malignant group
there were one case of leukoplakia, and two cases in which malignancy developed
from a papilloma.
Table 3. Age distribution of Korean and American cases with
cancer of the larynx
Nativity Age
10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- 70- 80- Average
Korea (%) - 1.28 3.85 30.77 42.30 17.95 3.85 - 53.1
U.S.A (%) 0.08 1.00 3.61 16.10 37.20 30.51 10.30 1.20 58.9
The youngest patient with cancer of the larynx was 20 years of age and the
oldest, 73 years, in a total of 33 cases (42.3 per cent)
A survey of the literature reveals that lymphosarcoma of the larynx is relatively
rare, occuring in about 0.5 per cent of all ,malignancues of the larynx, but there
is the greater ratio of 1.26 per cent (one case) in this series. The author
believes this does not necessarily mean the higher incidence of lymphosarcoma in
Korea than in U.S.A.
Further study in this field and observation of larger series will show the ture
incidence.
Summary
During the five-year period 1951-1956, the statistical analysis of 200 cases of
tumors of the larynx in Korea has been made.restrictio
