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Demographic Variables as determinants of Head Teachers Administrative Practices in Public Primary schools in Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe study investigated demographic variables as determinants of head teachers’ administrative practices in public primary schools in Edo state. To guide the study, four research questions were raised. Research question 1 was answered directly while 2 to 4 were hypothesized and tested at 0.05 alpha level. This study was a survey research that adopted correctional design. The population of the study was one thousand and forty-two (1042) public primary schools and the one thousand and forty-two (1042) head teachers in Edo State. The multi-stage method was adopted to select the sample size. A questionnaire titled: “demographic variables as determinants of head teachers’ administrative practices questionnaire (DVDHTAPQ)” which had two sections A and B was used to collect data for the study. Analyses were carried out using mean, standard deviations, ranks and independence T-test statistics. The findings from the analysis of the study revealed that the common administrative practices of head teachers in primary schools in Edo state were: instructional management, staff personnel administration, student personnel administration, school plant management, financial management and School-community relations; The study revealed that there is no significant difference in the administrative practices of head teachers in primary schools in Edo state based on gender. The finding further showed that there is a significant difference in the administrative practices of head teachers in primary schools in Edo state based on age and educational qualifications. Based on the findings, the study recommended that Age and Qualification should be considered as a factor when appointing head teachers in primary schools in Edo state. However, Gender should not be considered as a factor when appointing head teachers because the administrative practices of head teachers in primary schools in Edo state do not differs based on gender.
Keywords: Demographic Variables, Head Teachers, Administrative Practices
The Impact of Foreign Exchange Rate Volatility on Economic Growth of Nigeria
Get PDFThe study examined the impact of foreign exchange volatility on economic growth using trade balance and foreign direct investment. Data for this series were assessed from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistics Bulletin covering from 1990-2023. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model and estimation technique was employed using STATA. The result showed that there is a positive relationship between exchange rate and GDP growth rate. However, Exchange rate volatility, FDI as a percentage of GDP and foreign reserve exhibits a negative but insignificant relationship with the growth rate of GDP. I percent increase in Exchange rate volatility, FDI as a percentage of GDP and foreign reserve leads to 19%, 426% and 469% fall in the growth rate of GDP. The R-squared value of 0.680206 indicates that approximately 68% of the variation in the dependent variable, growth rate (GDP), is explained by the variation of the independent variables included in the model. Specifically, Foreign exchange volatility (EVAT) was found to have insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria both in the long run and the short run while inflation was found to have significant impact on economic growth both in the long-run and in the short run. In affirmative, the result suggests that FDI, OPN, RES and FTB were all found to have significant impact on economic growth in the short run. The study suggests that it is imperative for policymakers in Nigeria to prioritize measures aimed at addressing the foreign exchange volatility, ensuring the stability of inflation and ensuring the existence of balanced trade if not a surplus balance.
Keywords: Impact, Foreign Exchange rate, Volatility, Economic Growth, and Nigeri
Road Transport Infrastructure and Traffic Density in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Get PDFA major Nigerian urban centre, Kano Metropolis, deals with serious road traffic problems that lead to frequent congestion and delays. Although most research focusses on traffic flow and volume problems, it rarely addresses the role that vehicle noncontact conflicts play in traffic flow, given the type of infrastructure. The purpose of this study was to find whether road infrastructure affected vehicular traffic conflicts in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. To meet its objectives, the study used statistical modelling. This research assessed how different ancillary road infrastructures affected travel time and traffic patterns using linear regression models. Primary sources provided data; these included traffic counts, road network maps, and field observations on sixteen main highways. The average travel time on roads served as the dependent variable, and evaluated traffic node clustering using node distribution and traffic volume analysis. The results of the study showed that Kano Metropolis’s Road network connection was usually inadequate, with notable gaps between main routes. The model only explained 23.5% of the variance in average travel time on the Kano metropolitan road network, according to the regression study. It also indicated the existence of bus stops statistically influencing average travel time and pedestrian bridges (p = 0.037). Other factors, such as traffic lights (p = 0.208), overhead bridges (p = 0.656), laybys (p = 0.087), and speed bumps (p = 0.296), did not significantly influence travel time on the main Kano highways. In essence, the study showed that improving road infrastructure especially in terms of connection and the strategic placement of ancillary buildings, can greatly reduce traffic conflicts and enhance traffic flow in Kano Metropolis. Future urban design projects should prioritise building traffic lights at important intersections for the development of pedestrian bridges and overhead bridges, thereby enhancing connectivity.
Keywords: Infrastructure, Road network connectivity, Traffic conflict, Traffic congestion, Travel tim
The Living Dead: A Past that Links the Present with the Future
Get PDFAn age prioritizes rationality and regards belief in invisible entities as imaginary, illogical and irrational. African belief systems however, uphold invisible beings as real and central to the day to day running of human affairs. For this, it is underestimated and neglected in global discussions on human freedom, continuity and survival. This work explores the relationship between modern science, an envisioned new age and indigenous studies by examining concepts of singularity, extension, enhancement and expansion as ideas embodied in the African worldview and myth but enabled through scientific and rational processes to become universal. It argues that the African worldview does not separate, clearly distinct or differentiate between the realms of spiritual and physical therein, it contradicts the notion of the world as fragmented, limited and ending. In this presentation of harmony in nature rests the promise of discoveries that would advance science and humanity. The intersectional critical historical approach adopted demonstrates Africa’s relevance to humanity’s continuity, survival and growth. It highlights racial discrimination, culture erasure and death of God as overlapping historical facts in the discontinuity and continuity of knowledge production among a people regarded as primitives but with potentials, beneficial to science and humanity
Keywords: African studies, Science, Technology, New Age
An Evaluation of Marital Conflict Resolution in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFMarriage is a life-long commitment where the couple endures a variety of challenging circumstances, including illness, financial hardship, crises, and so forth. As an age-old institution, marriage is supposed to be an exciting and beautiful adventure, and the relationship between husband and wife is intended to get better with every passing day or year, but in reality, many challenges can mar the relationship. The study therefore examines an evaluation of marital conflict resolution in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study adopted a triangulation of both the quantitative and qualitative method of data collection. The area of study was Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The population of study consisted of both Literate and non-literate males and females from 18years and above in the study area. The sample size was 396 respondents. Each variable was analyzed descriptively using number and percentages for each of the independent variables. The variables were cross tabulated between major and sub cartegories and tested with appropriate standardized statistical tools. The findings revealed that there are a lot of predisposing factors that trigger marital dissolution among couples in the study area, but few of them were identified. It was also recommended that premarital counseling is necessary for prospective couples to better understand one another before marriage. Couples should regularly attend seminars and workshops on topics related to marital harmony and conflict resolution. The study recommended that the use of uncensored languages should not be used among couples. The study also recommended that there should be the need of premarital counseling among couples
Keywords: Conflict, Divorce, Family, Mariage, Resolutions
Pension Fund Administrators and Financial Transparency of Retirement Savings Funds in Nigeria
Get PDFThe study examined Pension Fund administrators and Financial Transparency of Retirement savings funds of Nigeria. The paper posit that pension fund administrators faces numerous challenges that hampers financial transparency in the management of retirement savings funds of Nigerian retirees. Using an historical method involving a critical but systematic analysis of secondary data, the findings revealed amongst other things that in Nigeria, low level of transparency and compliance had been reported among operators of Nigerian Contributory Pension Scheme. The studies documented unsatisfactory level of transparency and compliance among Contributory Pension Scheme operators and employers of labor in Nigeria. In exploring issues of transparency and accountability in pension fund administration in Nigeria, it was revealed that corruption remains a pervasive challenge in Nigeria, and pension fund administration is not immune. It was also revealed that there are gaps in regulatory oversight and enforcement. Inadequate monitoring and supervision can allow malpractices to go unchecked. Insufficient transparency in reporting practices was also identified to hampers stakeholders' ability to assess the performance and integrity of pension fund administrators. Furthermore, lack of adequately trained personnel within regulatory bodies and pension fund administrators with Insufficient expertise in governance, risk management, and financial oversight hinders efforts to promote transparency and accountability. Finally, political interference in pension fund administration was also identified as undermining transparency and accountability efforts. Nepotism, favoritism, and patronage networks was in addition noted to influence decision-making processes, compromising the integrity of the system. Based on these findings, the following recommendations were outlined: PenCom should take the challenge of technological advances seriously by modernizing its systems, because the traditional approaches to business management is fast fading out. The adoption of Information and Communication Technology based methods instills reliability and confidence in the information produced. Second, PenCom should engage in effective oversight and monitoring of the PFAs and PFCs to ensure compliance with the provision of the Act. More so, government should empower PenCom to summon the Chairmen, Directors or Managers of non-compliant employers and impose severe sanctions on them. Above all, PenCom should embrace high level standard of corporate governance. While tapping into global expertise for training and education of staff, systems development, technology and information communication technology.
Keywords: Pension, Transparency, Accountability, Fund Administrator
Television Webcast Framing of Banditry in Nigeria
Get PDFHow mass media discuss contemporary issues of insecurity issues has been of concern in media studies. Consequently, this study analysed the television webcast framing of banditry in Nigeria over four years (2019-2022) from the YouTube webcast channels of Channels Television, Television Continental, and Arise News. This study was anchored on agenda-setting and framing theories. The study used a content analysis research method, 200 banditry-related videos were systematically sampled and analysed using a validated coding sheet. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the presentation of banditry issues on Channels and TVC was brief compared to Arise News. It also revealed that bandit attacks and Government security agencies' efforts were the dominant issues, and conflict and human-interest frames were the prominent news frames used to present banditry issues across the three selected stations. Consequently, findings support tenets of agenda-setting and framing theories. It is recommended that television stations increase the patterns and depth of their coverage, as well as the news frames used to present banditry issues.
Keywords: Television webcasting, framing, and banditr
Correlation Between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Get PDFThe study assessed the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions and performance of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. Specific objectives include to: evaluate the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (value creation) and customers’ retention and investigate the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (competitive aggressiveness) and market value performance. A survey research design was used. Total population of the study was nine fifty (950) staff of Deposit Money Banks. Sample size was two hundred and eighty-one (281) using Taro Yamane formular. The convenient sampling method was adopted used while structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. It was found that value creation had insignificant relationship with customers’ retention and competitive aggressiveness had a significant relationship with market value performance. Based on the findings, the study concluded that corporate entrepreneurship dimensions correlated significantly with performance of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that it is highly recommended that value creation of top management should indulge the opinion of their customers through questionnaires and feedback mechanism. This would give the organisation an insight to what the customers’ expectations regarding new things that are brawling up in similar competitive organisations. In the same vein indulging customer’s opinion while launching new products, would make them feel carried along and valuable.
Keywords: Corporate Entrepreneurship Organizational Performance, Deposit Money Bank
Appraisal of Public Opinion in Foreign Policy Making: Nigeria and United States of America as a Focal Point
Get PDFPublic opinion plays an unprecedented role in foreign policy making in Africa as well as in other advanced and sophisticated nations in the international system. However, in the United States of America and Nigeria, empirical evidence shows that public opinion has little or no significant effects on foreign policy decision-making. Several reasons abound for this, some of these reasons are the unwillingness of the political elites to embrace transparency, accountability, and inclusive governance. The study therefore examines the views of scholars on the role of public opinion in foreign policy making in the United States of America and Nigeria. The secondary source of data collection was adopted, data include archival materials, periodical publications, books, and the internet. Most of these materials were sourced through an extensive use of specialized library facilities of the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA). The research is descriptive and analytical. The study recommends that the American and Nigerian governments should encourage public opinion in foreign policy making. The researcher also recommend that scholars of International Relations should focus in their research on the role of Government in allowing the input of the public in both domestic and international politics.
Keywords: Public Opinion, Foreign Policy, policy, United States of America, Nigeria
The Influence of the Cashless Policy on Economic Growth and Development
Get PDFThe study investigates the correlation between the cashless policy and economic growth and development in Nigeria. Ordinary regression analysis was applied to assess the impact of the cashless policy on economic growth and development. Data were gathered from participants using a structured questionnaire. The study's results demonstrated that the independent variables (EBS, ETS, P2P) exert a significant influence on the dependent variable (EGD). The notably high R-squared value indicates a strong alignment of the model with the data. Conclusively, the study asserts that the cashless policy exhibits a substantial positive impact on economic growth and development in Nigeria. Consequently, it suggests that governmental bodies and those in authoritative positions should implement initiatives aimed at enhancing digital financial literacy among the populace, fostering effective utilization of electronic banking systems, electronic transfer systems, and peer-to-peer payment platforms.
Keywords: Economic Growth and Development; Electronic Banking System; Electronic Transfer System; Peer-To-Peer (P2P) Payment