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The Urhobo-Ndokwa Relations: Analysing the Core Delta Claims in an era of State Creation Agitation
No full textThe research examines the relationship between the Urhobo and Ndokwa ethnic nationalities in Delta State. Throughout history, the Urhobo have asserted that the Ndokwa ethnic minority is part of what they define as the core Delta. Consequently, they argue that Ndokwa should be incorporated into the authentic Delta State, thereby excluding the other Western Igbo groups (Enuani and Ika) known as Anioma, with whom they share socio-cultural connections. This study seeks to examine the origins of the Ndokwa and Urhobo peoples and their connections that may have led to such assertions. The research relies on a combination of primary and secondary sources to achieve its objectives. The approach utilises a descriptive historical reconstruction methodology for data analysis. The research posits that there is a lack of evidence indicating a connection between the Urhobo and Ndokwa; instead, the association leans towards the Western Igbo groups, all of whom trace their origins to the Igbo east of the Niger, primarily due to linguistic factors and other elements of cultural heritage. The research further reveals that the enduring relationship between the adjacent Urhobo and Ndokwa communities, alongside colonial influences, likely contributed to the emergence of such a claim. Of greater significance, the presence of crude oil deposits in Ndokwa land raises the possibility that, should the core Delta aspiration materialise, the Urhobo would seek to assert control over this wealth, particularly in light of the mono-cultural economic framework currently in operation in Nigeria.
Keywords: Urhobo, Ndokwa, Origin, Core Delta, State Creation
Analysis of Fictional and Journalistic Intersect of Africa Positioning in Global Judicial System
No full textPower distribution has long been at the heart of postcolonial studies, both in literature and in mass media like newspapers. The way that fictional and journalistic discourses intersect to place Africa within global justice has received little attention, despite the fact that scholarship has examined African responses to Western judicial authority. Therefore, this study examines the intersect of language in literary and journalistic writing in Femi Ojo-Ade's fictional critique of judicial authority in Les paradis terrestres and the Vanguard newspaper headlines "Canadian court declares APC, PDP terrorist organisations – Soneye, PDP react." Employing Rom’s positioning theory and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the study explores how media and literary discourses shape African reactions to Western decisions in the act of repositioning Africa. The findings of the study reveal that the Nigerian media portrays the Canadian decision as prejudiced, ignorant, and diplomatically destabilising, emphasising concepts of resistance and delegitimisation, while Ojo-Ade uses satire and irony to highlight Western philosophical arrogance and dramatise Africa's ruptured place in global justice. Linguistic lexicons in both headings of the Vanguard Newspaper, including the selected text, foreground that words are not merely descriptive but act as a tool for power in legitimizing and delegitimizing entire political entities Through the integration of journalistic discourse and literary imagination, the paper illustrates how African narratives of disapproval are expressed in various registers, establishing literature as a platform for reinventing justice and independence beyond the homogenising rhetoric of the "global village" and as a mirror of resistance.
Keywords: Postcolonial Discourse, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), Positioning Theory, Judicial Power and Legitimacy, African Resistance Narrative
Analysis of Psychological skills and Sports Performance of Club Hockey Players In North East Zone, Nigeria
No full textThis study was designed to analyze the Relationship of psychological skills against sports performance of club Hockey Players in North-East Zone, Nigeria. Two objectives were set, two research questions answered; and two hypotheses tested. The study utilized Carl Roger's theory of personality grew out of his client-centered approach to psychotherapy and behavior change. The study adopted Survey Research Method. Survey research is used for descriptive, exploratory and explanatory purposes. The population for this study comprised all club Hockey players from Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe states. Each state was represented by 36club Hockey players comprising 18 male and 18 female. Quota sampling technique was used to select a sample of 180 club Hockey Players consisting of 90 male and 90 female. Research instrument used for the study was a 30-item self-developed Questionnaire and the statement were derived from literature in cognizance with the objectives of the study. These items constitute information on the demographic data of the respondents, information on flow; the performance is determined through a winning of matches which attract three (3) points. A draw attract (1) point while a loss attracts no point. Results showed that there was a Significant Relationship between Psychological skill and sport performance among club Hockey Players in North-East Zone, Nigeria. While there was no significant difference psychological skills and sport performance among male and female club Hockey players in North-East Zone, Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that psychological skills are positively related to sport performance that the higher the psychological skills, the higher the performance among club Hockey players in North-East Zone, Nigeria, and it was also recommended that self-concept is independent of performance, coaches should therefore be aware that self-concept is not a hindrance to sport performance among club Hockey Players in North-East Zone, Nigeria and should therefore not placed too much emphasize on it.
Keywords: Psychological Skills, Sports Performance, Flow State, Hockey Players, Gender Difference
Motivational Strategies and Human Resource Management in the Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Borno State University, Maiduguri, Nigeria
No full textThis study examined the relationship between motivational strategies and management of human resource in Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Borno State University, Maiduguri Borno State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to examine the relationship among ccompensation strategy, work culture strategy, compensation strategy and human resource management in Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Borno State University, Nigeria. The research design employed by the researchers was a correlational research design, which was used to determine the relationship between motivational strategies and human resource management. Correlation is meant for exploring the degree of relationship between two variables in consideration. The sampling techniques employed in the study are simple random sampling techniques because they ensure that each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected at random. The sample size of the study was 45 comprised of both academic staff and non-academic staff. The instrument used for this study was a questionnaire on the motivational strategies and human resources management in the Department of Education, Faculty of Arts and Education, Borno State University, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. The instrument used for this study was a questionnaire on the motivational strategies and human resources management. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The finding revealed no significant relationship among ccompensation strategy, work culture strategy, compensation strategy and human resource management in Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Borno State University, Nigeria. Based on the finding of the study it was concluded that, the study established no association among compensation strategy, work culture strategy, compensation strategy and human resource management among personnel in Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Borno State University, Nigeria. Since it was established that there is no association among compensation strategy, work culture strategy, compensation strategy and human resource management in the Department of Education, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, therefore, the management of the Department should apply different strategies such as promotion, condition of service to motivate the staff in the department.
Keywords: Motivational Strategies, Recognition, Compensation, Human Resource Managemen
The Lingering Legacy of Colonialism: The Case of Angola and its Post-Colonial Struggles
Get PDFThis article examines the impact of colonialism on Southern Africa, with a particular focus on Angola, a country once colonised by Portugal. The study traces the early amicable relationship between pre-colonial Angola and imperial Portugal, which later deteriorated into an exploitative and autocratic colonial regime. The article highlights the nature of the colonial conquest, the structure of Portuguese rule, the struggle for independence, and the resulting post-colonial dynamics. It argues that colonialism left a significant legacy, creating a power vacuum upon Portugal’s abrupt departure and contributing to the ensuing civil war that devastated the country. The research further explores the destructive effects of colonial policies on Angola’s social, political, and cultural fabric, and the asymmetrical nature of the relationship between the coloniser and the colonised. Despite the end of formal colonial rule, the paper contends that Angola, and Africa as a whole, must now confront and dismantle the lingering colonial mindset. The study concludes with a call for African nations to focus on internal development by promoting good governance, reinforcing the rule of law, and fostering accountability to ensure lasting progress.
Keywords: Colonialism, Angola, Post-Colonial Struggles, Independence Movements, Colonial Legac
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria: Evidence from Quantile Regression
Get PDFNigeria has faced significant challenges in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with economic policy uncertainty (EPU) emerging as a key deterrent. Persistent policy instability, regulatory inconsistencies, and macroeconomic volatility have created an unpredictable investment climate, discouraging foreign investors. Moreover, theoretical and empirical literature has been inconsistent in explaining the impact of EPU on FDI. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of EPU on FDI in Nigeria from April 2016 to June 2023, employing Quantile Regression and the VAR Granger Causality/Block Exogeneity Wald Test to analyze the relationship. The study concluded that EPU had a detrimental impact on FDI, particularly at higher quantiles, were increased uncertainty significantly reduced investment inflows. Additionally, exchange rate fluctuations dampened FDI, while strong GDP growth and increased domestic credit to the private sector were more effective in attracting investment. The causality test further confirmed that EPU Granger-caused FDI, reinforcing its role as a significant driver of investment trends in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommended that the Nigerian government adopt predictable economic policies to create a more stable investment climate and implement sound macroeconomic strategies to stabilize the exchange rate, thereby improving Nigeria’s attractiveness to foreign investors.
Keywords: Economic policy uncertainty, foreign direct investment, quantile regression, Nigeri
Analyses of the Applicability of International Arbitration in Investor-State Dispute Settlement in East Africa
Get PDFThis study delves into the practical implementation of international arbitration within the Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) framework across East African countries. It examines the complex interplay between regional legal structures and international arbitral norms, scrutinizing the extent to which existing treaties and domestic legislation facilitate or hinder effective dispute resolution. Focusing on recent ISDS cases, the research analyses the procedural and substantive challenges faced by both investors and states, particularly concerning transparency, enforcement of awards, and the influence of regional economic communities. The analysis further evaluates the impact of varying levels of institutional capacity and legal harmonization on the predictability and fairness of arbitral outcomes. The article also further identifies best practices and potential reforms aimed at enhancing the efficacy and legitimacy of international arbitration as a tool for resolving investment disputes in the region. It underscores the critical need for context-specific adaptations of international arbitration to reflect the unique legal and economic realities of East Africa.
Keywords: Arbitration, Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS), Investment Dispute
Integrating Technology for Multimodal Literacy in English Studies
Get PDFMultimodal literacy is being literate in all forms of literacy surrounding learning and representing meaning, including multimedia and digital interactions. It involves the use of diverse communication modes - visual, audio, and spatial, alongside traditional reading and writing in education. The aim of this paper is to investigate how technology aids the development of multimodal literacy in English studies students. Three universities in south-south Nigeria, Edo state, were used as case studies. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi structured interview, student focus group and classroom observations. The theoretical frameworks of the New London Group, Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), and Constructivist Learning Theory were applied in this paper. Findings reveal that being technologically literate facilitates multimodal literacy as it enhances knowledge sharing, caters for different learning styles and helps students synthesise information across multiple modes of representation. However, challenges such as digital literacy gaps, financial constraints, resistance to change on the part of instructors, and concerns about curriculum modification, assessment, and academic integrity hinder effective implementation. The paper concludes that integrating technology for multimodal literacy offers significant opportunities for a more dynamic, inclusive, and flexible learning and recommends continuous training for instructors, continued investment in infrastructure, multimodal literacy training, and collaborative curriculum development to fully realise the potential of multimodal literacy. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the integration of technology for multimodal literacy development.
Keywords: Multimodal Literacy, Technology Integration, Higher Education, English Studie
Verbs of Cooking and Washing in Urhobo
Get PDFCooking and washing as essential parts of human activities showcase both the language and the culture of a people. It represents features such as socialisation, identity, actions and perception of a people. This paper explored the nature of cookery terms through the lexical field analysis of the generic verbs of cooking and washing in Urhobo. Invoked in this study is a notion of semantic field as the theoretical framework. The research design adopted for this research is qualitative research. In the design, the quality of cooking stuff and the degree of heat application or none and the instruments of cooking combined to form the delimiting frame for the cooking types and the types of verbs use. The research is limited to verbs of cooking and washing that pertain to cooking such as washing of fish, meat, plates and other cooking utensils. Using a total of 50 questionnaires distributed equally among native speakers of Urhobo, the study collected data from adult speakers of the language. The data generated were subjected to semantic and syntactic examination to reveal the meaning of the vocabularies in their structure respectively. The difference and relationship of the terms are also investigated using hyponyms. It is observed that such hyponyms are determined based on a particular type of food and the process or pattern of the cooking involved. The study reveals how verbs of cooking and washing varies in Urhobo due to types, quality and degree of cooking and washing. The study reveals how the verbs variables make distinction in their lexical field when it comes to cooking and washing terms.
Keywords: Verbs in Urhobo, cooking and washin
Unmaking Boundaries: Gender and the Nigerian Literary Imagination
Get PDFUnmaking Boundaries: Gender and the Nigerian Literary Imagination is a publication that examines how Tomi Adeyemi's novel Children of Virtue and Vengeance, a fantasy action-adventure novel, un-makes, enumerates, and reconfigures patriarchal narratives as dictated by Western social norms. Adeyemi, who writes with expressive, poetic language, challenges and redefines traditional roles attributed to male rulers. The research posits that decolonial feminist methods anchored in Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí’s pivotal work and the historical suppression of indigenous epistemologies have been instrumental in reimagining African literature. Through intensive qualitative analysis, the paper identifies complex female leadership roles such as Zélie and Amari, whose paths cross traditional boundaries and offer different visions of power and agency in Nigerian literature. It also notes that aspects of masculinity are touched upon. Characters like Inan and Roën elucidate inconsistencies associated with the conventional patriarchal era and the possibilities of fluid reimagining. With comparative analyses of classical and contemporary works written in Nigeria, the article places Adeyemi's novel within the larger literature discourse about reclaiming indigenous mythologies and exploring colonial roots.
Keywords: Unmaking, Boundaries, Decolonial Feminism, Indigenous Epistemologies