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A Class of Practical and Acceptable Social Welfare Orderings That Satisfy the Principles of Aggregation and Non-Aggregation : Reexamination of the Tyrannies of Aggregation and Non-Aggregation
No full textFirst Version: September 29, 2023, This Version: February 25, 2024This paper revisits impossibility results on the tyrannies of aggregation and non-aggregation. I propose two aggregation principles --quantitative aggregation and ratio aggregation—and investigate theoretical implications. As a result, I show that quantitative aggregation and minimal non-aggregation are incompatible while ratio aggregation and minimal non-aggregation are compatible under the assumption of standard axioms in social choice theory. Furthermore, this study provides a new characterization of the leximin rule by using replication invariance and the strong version of non-aggregation. Finally, I propose a class of practical and acceptable social welfare orderings that satisfy the principles of aggregation and non-aggregation, which has various advantages over the standard rank-discounted generalized utilitarianism.the grants from Fostering Joint International Research (B) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number: 20KK0036)
The Usage of the Desiderative Expression -tai- among Chinese Learners of Japanese Based on a Story Writing Task
No full text研究論文本調査は，『北京日本語学習者縦断コーパス』（B-JAS）をもとに17 名の中国人日本語学習者のストーリーライティングにおける希望表現「～たい」の使用傾向を形態面・使用面から分析したものである。分析の結果，形態面の使用傾向について，学習者は1 年次と2 年次には，「～たい」「～たかった」などの形式を使用し，3 年次と4 年次には，「～たいと思う」「～たいのだ」といった後接形式が含まれた形を使用することがわかった。また，学習者は，意図の実現に失敗したことを描写する際に「～たい」を用いることがわかった。最後に，「～たい」を多用する場面に絞って分析を行った結果，同じ内容を描写する場合，学習者は1 年次と2 年次には動詞の無標形式「～たい」，「～つもり」など，よりシンプルな形式を使用し，3 年次と4 年次には，「～ようとする」「～たいと思う」といった，より複雑な形を使用することがわかった
Research Trends in the Analysis of Connective Expressions in Spoken Language
No full text実践報告・調査報告本稿は，1954 年〜2023 年9 月までの期間にわたり「国立国語研究所 日本語研究・日本語教育文献データベース」及び「CiNii Research」に収録された論文の中から，話し言葉の接続表現を扱った49 本の論文を研究対象とし，「談話構造」「文法機能」「話者心理・態度」「発話ジャンル」「位相」の5 つの分析観点から研究動向を概観した。その結果，1954 年～2023 年の約70 年間，話し言葉の接続表現の分析は，個別の接続表現の本来の意味・機能を分析した研究から，意味の希薄化と機能の拡張現象を研究するものまで広がりを見せていることがわかった。また，言語という記号を対象にした記述的な研究にとどまらず，話者の属性，会話者間の人間関係といった社会属性を加味した「社会言語学」的な観点を射程に入れた研究や，接続表現の使用実態と話者心理との関わりを論じた「言語心理学」，大量のデータを用いた「コーパス言語学」も増えており，研究領域の拡大が確認できた
Efficiency of the Equity Markets in the Prewar Japan VI : Including Cash Transaction
No full textThis paper tests efficiency of the equity markets in the prewar Japan. I try semi-strong form tests of the cash transaction, using macro-economic indices and firmsʼ dividend, capital stock change, and financial news including Life Insurance Security Companyʼs trading. The Oji Paper Companyʼs new and old equities and other 8 company equities are included. Test period is between 1927 and 1941, and is split at November 1934. According to the test results, some equities were efficient in total period or in split periods, and others were inefficient. Especially, in the latter half period, efficient equities are more than those of the former half period. These results may be explained using increase of trading volume and development of communication technology and trading technique
Masahiro Sato,“Numbers Are Made: Japan's Modern Era as Read from Statistical History”;Masahiro Sato (eds.),“Statistical History of Modern Japan”;Lin Pei-Hsin,“Rule and Statistics：Taiwan's Statistical System (1945-1967), from the Governor-General to the Kuomintang”
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Job Polarization between Firms in European Sectors
No full textThis paper contributes to the discussion about job polarization, focusing on firms in the main economic European sectors from 2009 to 2016. We adjust the standard concept of job polarization based on polarization between occupations to polarization between firms. Using aggregated firm data from the Orbis database and employing regression analysis, it analyses more than 260,000 firms in the 11 main economic sectors and identifies polarization between firms in most sectors considering different-sized firms. Our results imply polarization tendencies between firms, mainly in goods sectors rather than in service sectors
