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Versatile Dataset Generation System for Hand Gesture Recognition Utilizing FMCW-MIMO Radar
No full textWe have developed a versatile dataset generation system for hand gesture (HG) recognition using Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW)-Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) radar to improve the classification performance compared to conventional methods such as open dataset, other data generators using a generative adversarial network (GAN), and motion capture tools. The proposed system consists of an HG trajectory generator, an intermediate frequency (IF) signal generator corresponding to antenna locations, and a sampling timing generator without any open datasets or any motion capture data utilizing other sensors. After the training is performed by the generated dataset, the testing is carried out by actual data collected from FMCW-MIMO radar. Our findings show that the accuracy of 98% can be achieved with the generated dataset, and the proposed system is available for pre-training without using an actual dataset. Furthermore, when the mixed dataset is used for the training process, the accuracy improves by almost 37 points compared to when using the actual dataset only
A new upward-convective short-wave instability mode in gas-sheared falling liquid films
Get PDFWe investigate a short-wave instability mode recently identified via temporal stability analysis in weakly inclined falling liquid films sheared by a confined turbulent countercurrent gas flow (Ishimura et al. J. Fluid Mech. vol. 971, 2023, p. A37). We perform spatio-temporal linear stability calculations based on the Navier–Stokes equations in the liquid film and the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations in the gas, and compare these with our own experiments. We find that the short-wave instability mode is always upward-convective. The range of unstable group velocities is very wide and largely coincides with negative values of the wave velocity. Turbulence affects this mode both through the level of gas shear stress imparted and via the shape of the primary-flow gas velocity profile. Beyond a critical value of the counter-current gas flow rate, the short-wave mode merges with the long-wave Kapitza instability mode. The thus obtained merged mode is unstable for group velocities spanning from large negative to large positive values, i.e. it is absolute. The onset of the short-wave mode is precipitated by decreasing the channel height and inclination angle, and by increasing the liquid Reynolds number or the gas-to-liquid dynamic viscosity ratio. For vertically falling liquid films, merging occurs before the short-wave mode can become unstable on its own. Nonetheless, the ability to generate upward-travelling ripples is endowed to the merged mode. Preliminary calculations neglecting the linear perturbation of the turbulent viscosity suggest that three-dimensional perturbations could be more unstable than two-dimensional ones
Heterogeneous Synergistic Acceleration of Ketone α-Allylation with Allyl Alcohol by Pd/Cu Complexes on Organomodified Mesoporous Silica
Get PDFThis study reports the α-allylation of simple ketones and allyl alcohols. Only a few examples of this reaction have been reported to date because the low reactivity of allyl alcohols compared with other allylating agents, such as allyl halides, and the low nucleophilicity of simple ketones relative to active methylene compounds render this combination particularly challenging for allylation. We previously demonstrated that introducing multiple catalytically active species with well-defined structures onto solid surfaces can accelerate organic reactions through cooperative effects. In this study, we found that a multifunctional catalyst incorporating both Pd and Cu complexes on mesoporous silica (MS) enabled the simultaneous activation of ketones and allyl alcohols, thereby efficiently promoting the allylation reaction. The coexistence of organic functional groups, such as phenyl groups, on the MS surface further amplified catalytic activity. Compared with a catalyst bearing only immobilized Pd complexes, the overall catalytic activity of the proposed catalyst was enhanced by a factor of 15.5. This catalytic system was applicable to the allylation of various carbonyl compounds and could be easily separated and reused. Recycling tests conducted using indanone as the substrate yielded a total Pd-based turnover number of 600. Various spectroscopic analyses, isotope-labeling experiments, and density functional theory calculations indicated that the Cu complex activates the ketone to facilitate the reaction. Results further suggested that organic functional groups coexisting on the solid surface promote the reaction by optimizing the spatial arrangement of the Pd and Cu complexes. The strategy of introducing multiple structurally well-defined catalytic species onto a solid surface represents an approach to enhance catalytic activity that is distinct from conventional methods such as active-site control and ligand design
<査読論文>A Socio-Cultural Study of “Sexuality Education” within Families: from the Narratives of Chinese Youth
No full textIn recent years, legal frameworks concerning sexuality education have been gradually established in China. However, in practice, particularly within the family, there remains a substantial gap. This paper, drawing on semi-structured interviews, focuses on the experiences of Chinese youth and seeks to elucidate how "sexuality education" is conducted within the family, as well as how sexuality norms are reproduced in this context. From the narratives of young people, it becomes evident that, aside from themes such as ‘prevention of sexual victimization’ and ‘physiological knowledge related to bodily development’—and at times even within these very domains—much of the "sexuality education" that occurs in families does not take a clear, explicit form but instead emerges ambiguously within everyday life. Moreover, relatively marked differences are observed between boys and girls in relation to sexuality education. As young people grow older, communication around “prevention of sexual victimization” and “physiological knowledge about bodily development” tends to decline, appearing only in specific circumstances. By contrast, “gender and sexuality norms” and issues such as “romantic relationships” (for instance, what is commonly described as zaolian) display characteristics of flexibility and persistence, remaining deeply interwoven into the everyday lives of the participants
<査読論文>都市公共空間の形成と利用における人間行動を分析するための新しい理論 トップダウンアプローチに対する暗黙の反応に焦点を当てて
No full text過去三十年間、地理学、建築学、都市計画学、人類学など、空間の創造・利用・分配と社会との関係に関わる多くの分野の研究者たちは、建築や都市のデザインが住民など当事者の意見を欠いたまま、巨大なビジネス主導・新自由主義的なイデオロギーのもとで進められていることを強く批判してきた。こうしたアプローチは、古くからの問題やその起源を覆い隠す新たな手段であるのみならず、地域社会に対して新しく、そして深刻な問題を引き起こしてきた。しかし、これらのアプローチに対して問題が単なる「受動的な結果」として現れているだけでなく、長期にわたるトップダウン型の都市空間設計や意思決定に対して、地域社会の側から「能動的な反応」が生じている可能性はないだろうか。東京という都市の歴史をより深く分析することで、その答えの手がかりが見えてくるかもしれない。槇文彦は『見えがくれする都市』において、日本人の集合的無意識の中で「奥（おく）」という概念が形成された過程を、地理的・人口的・政治的・宗教的要因が長期的に複合して生み出した日本固有の現象であると理論化している。槇によれば、「奥」は物理的かつ心理的な深さを意味し、神道がこの概念を取り入れたとき、「重要なものや人が隠されている場所」という新たな意味を獲得した。やがてその意味は、「目に見えない形で存在する重要なものや人」をも指すようになった。槇の理論では、日本人は長い年月にわたり高密度で限られた都市空間に暮らしてきた結果として、物理的空間の中に「奥」を感知する能力を無意識のうちに発達させ、それが日本文化の本質的な一部となったとされる。この点で、槇はその能力の出現を環境への「受動的な適応」として説明している。しかし、それは同時に、状況の悪化を防ごうとする「能動的な反応」の一形態とも捉えられないだろうか。本研究は文献分析法を用いた理論的研究を通じて、「奥」理論と生物学的・生物心理学的過程、さらには他文化における信念体系との関連性を探求することで、新たな理論を提示するものである。この理論は、都市空間における利用者の行動に関する理解を深化させ、ミクロおよびマクロの両スケールにおける新たな分析と解釈の可能性を開く。また、現代都市の公共空間における意思決定と設計の主流的アプローチがもたらす、これまで十分に注目されてこなかった結果にも光を当てるものである
<論文>History of Sound in the Arts in Japan: the Case of "Onkyo-Chokoku" (Meaning Sound Sculpture)
No full textThis paper aims to explore the possibility of writing the History of Sound in the Arts in Japan. To achieve this, it examines the outline of the general history of sound sculpture and compares it with the Japanese context, offering several insights. While previous research exists on the general history of sound sculpture, studies on the history of sound sculpture in Japan are scarce, except for the author's own prior works. Building upon the author's ongoing research into the history of sound in the arts in Japan, this paper focuses on the case of "Onkyo-Chokoku" (meaning sound sculpture) to highlight the differences between the general and Japanese contexts. The paper presents the history of "Onkyo-Chokoku" in Japan by dividing it into four periods: (1) The "prehistory" from the 1950s to the 1960s, (2) The late 1960s, (3) The 1970s, and (4) The late 1980s. After that, this paper focuses on two main points: the intersection of "Onkyo-Chokoku" with educational purposes, and the evolving terminology of "Onkyo-Chokoku" itself. This paper, while acknowledging the need for further research, demonstrates the potential for a comprehensive historical account of "Onkyo-Chokoku" in Japan. This paper is based on my presentation, which I delivered at the 22nd International Congress of Aesthetics (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) on July 25, 2023, under the same title. But for this paper, I changed the structure of my discussion, modified some descriptions, and added a lot of materials that I had needed to delete for my oral presentation. The content and consideration of the presentation and this paper are essentially the same, but the overall structure and descriptions of each example differ significantly. What I can advertise for this paper is that this version includes a more detailed description of the history of sound sculpture in general and in Japan
<論文>Ivan Ilyin and Modern Russian Conservative Thought
No full textThis study undertakes an examination of the political and philosophical thought of the Russian thinker Ivan Ilyin (1883–1954), focusing on the ways in which his ideas have been received both by his contemporaries and in contemporary Russia. As the initial stage of this inquiry, it seeks to elucidate the circumstances under which Ilyin reemerged in post-Soviet Russia and came to be regarded as exerting a certain ideological influence on the Putin administration. Furthermore, it surveys the principal assessments of Ilyin that have appeared within the historiographical discourse on Russian intellectual history. In doing so, the study aims to establish a foundation for further consideration of the potential ideological significance of Ilyin’s thought within the contemporary international context surrounding Russia. The earliest attempt to situate Ilyin within the context of the history of Russian thought was made by N. O. Lossky in History of Russian Philosophy (1951), although his account was not comprehensive. In English-language scholarship, a more detailed evaluation appeared after the collapse of the Soviet Union, notably in Philip T. Grier’s “The Complex Legacy of Ivan Il’in” (1993). In Russian, a similarly extensive treatment was provided by Igor Evlampiev in A History of Russian Philosophy (2014). In recent years, Ilyin’s influence on the Putin administration has also attracted attention from scholars and commentators approaching the topic from journalistic and international political perspectives. Nevertheless, it can be observed that, overall, the study of Ilyin’s thought remains insufficiently developed
