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On avoidability of formulas with reversal
Get PDFWhile a characterization of unavoidable formulas (without reversal) is well-known, little
is known about the avoidability of formulas with reversal in general. In this article, we characterize the unavoidable formulas with reversal that have at most two one-way variables (x is a one-way variable in formula with reversal φ if exactly one of x and x^R appears in φ)."This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), grant numbers 418646-2012 and 42410-2010.
Où est la Seine dans les Tableaux parisiens de Baudelaire?
No full textOù est la Seine dans les Tableaux parisiens ? Cette question toute simple à résoudre en apparence recèle maints pièges qu’il est nécessaire d’examiner si l’on espère offrir un portrait juste et éclairé de l’image du fleuve parisien dans la plus référentielle (et la plus commentée) des sections des Fleurs du Mal Parmi ces pièges, citons : les liens entre réel et idéal chez Baudelaire, les stratifications vertigineuses du sens dans la poésie baudelairienne, les faux-semblants et les effets spéculaires souvent trompeurs, l’exotisme, le romantisme, le symbolisme… de même que l’abondance de la critique ancienne et récente sur toutes ces questions. La présente étude aborde ces problèmes au fil d’une enquête qui aboutit à un paradoxe tout baudelairien : plus la présence de la Seine se fait ténue au sein de ces Tableaux parisiens, plus elle est significative.https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1055883a
Introduction: Special volume in honor of Jeffrey Shallit on the occasion of his 60th birthday
Get PDFhttp://math.colgate.edu/~integers/ShallitIntro.pd
Sparks of Light: Survivor Narratives Reflected Through the Lens of Irving Greenberg’s Theology
Get PDFIn the future, when no first-person witnesses to the Shoah are left to tell their stories, we will be left with their written, audio, and video narratives. Those who will be left to bear witness for them can tell their stories from a purely historical viewpoint. However, this thesis adds a new option — a theological dimension through which to read and further appreciate their stories. It argues that the theology of Irving Greenberg is well suited to express the theology implicit in the lives of many Shoah survivors, providing an opportunity to reflect theologically on their experiences both during and after the Shoah. The thesis explores Greenberg’s distinct postwar model that expresses concern for the theological and socio-political implications of the Shoah, addressing themes of morality, faith, religion and interfaith dialogue. The second part of the thesis examines the narratives of three Canadian Shoah survivors through the lens of Greenberg’s theology. The first, Stefan Carter, is a secular Jew who survived the Warsaw Ghetto and makes his home in Winnipeg. The second, Pinchas Gutter, is a Majdanek/Buchenwald survivor who was from a family of Ger Hasidim. Gutter lives in Toronto and has become well known due to his participation in cutting-edge exhibits and videos. The third, Robbie “Romek” Waisman, is a Buchenwald survivor, lives in Vancouver and is an Honorary Witness to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.Master of Arts in Theological Studie
“Trump” - What does the name signify?; or, Protofascism and the Alt-Right: Three Contradictions of the Present Conjuncture.
Get PDFThis article examines the rise of the alt-right and Donald Trump’s successful campaign for president of the United States in the context of three overlapping contradictions: that of subversion in postmodern culture and politics, that between the democratic and commercial logics of the media, and that of the failure of the Left in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The article looks at the rise of “Trumpism” and the new brand of white nationalist and misogynistic culture of the so-called alt-right in its historical context to show how it is consistent with but also distinguished from previous right-wing ideologies. More generally, the three contradictions presented here are proposed as explanations for understanding the mainstreaming of the alt-right in contemporary politics and culture.https://read.dukeupress.edu/cultural-politics/article/14/1/1/134199/TrumpWhat-Does-the-Name-Signify-or-ProtofascismPostprin
Functional Relevance of N-myristoyltransferase as a Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer
Get PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Canada. The high mortality rate for CRC patients demonstrate the urgent need for a convenient, accurate and cost-effective screening test, which could triage patients for more intensive procedures such as colonoscopy. Current CRC screening tests are limited by their efficacy, invasiveness, and poor acceptability by the patients. N-myristoylation refers to the covalent attachment of the 14-carbon fatty acid myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of a target protein, which ensures its proper functioning and intracellular trafficking. This reaction is common amongst signalling proteins and is often integral to their activity. Myristoylation is catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferase which transfers the myristoyl moiety from myristoyl-coenzyme A to the N-terminal glycine residue. The foremost aim of my study was to optimize and quantify NMT1 and METAP2 gene expression by using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Due to its capacity to generate both qualitative and quantitative results, qPCR is considered a quick and accurate technique to begin with. NMT1 and METAP2 oncogenes overexpressed in colorectal cancer cells are directly associated with aggressive clinical behaviour. The NMT1 and METAP2 oncogenes and their respective protein products (NMT1 and METAP2) have been utilized for disease diagnosis and as predictive markers for treatment. To support accurate quantification and analysis in this study, I have optimized and standardized qPCR analysis to analyze colorectal cancer samples, obtaining significant and clinically useful results. We recently demonstrated that NMT1 is expressed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T cells of colorectal cancer patients. The aims of this study are to quantify NMT1 and METAP2 expression in individuals undergoing colonoscopy and determine whether NMT1 and METAP2 gene expression could serve as a screening marker for CRC. Chapter two: From chapter 1, it was determined that NMT1 and METAP2 expressions in peripheral blood and PBMC are potential biomarkers for CRC screening. These biomarkers are overexpressed in individuals with polyps and CRC. To understand the mechanism and the functional relevance of NMT1 and METAP2 overexpression in PBMC, Nmt1 was knocked out in mouse embryonic stem cells and its effect was investigated on metabolic pathway. The generation of homozygous (Nmt1-/-) deficient embryonic stem cells was confirmed by qPCR and Western analysis. The depletion of NMT1 leads to enhanced phosphorylation of key proteins within the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway that are normally stimulated by insulin and inhibited by rapamycin. The Nmt1- deficiency resulted in the over activation of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and Igf1r gene expression, thus, NMT1 likely has a vital role in regulating metabolic disorders.Master of Science in Biolog
The effects of Livestock Grazing on Vegetation and Lepidopterans in Endangered Alvar Sites in Manitoba's Interlake
No full textAlvar is a rare type of ecosystem characterized by open, flat terrain and incomplete vegetation intermixed with patches of exposed calcareous pavement. Alvars in Manitoba’s Interlake support tall grass prairie and boreal forest species that do not grow together in any other ecosystem and thus alvars make a unique contribution to biodiversity. The Interlake region is sparsely populated and the dominant land uses are mining and agriculture and livestock grazing is prevalent in alvar areas with thin soils that are not suitable for crop agriculture. Disturbances including grazing may be necessary to maintain alvar plant communities by removing encroaching shrubs and trees, which is beneficial, however grazing may also have negative effects. Studies using bioindicator species to reflect the impacts of disturbance can signal future ecological changes, and indicate areas sensitive to disturbance. I hypothesized that there would be differences in environmental conditions, and in plant and Lepidopteran diversity between grazed and ungrazed sites. Assessment of soil variables showed that soils in grazed sites were significantly more compacted and higher in nitrate and sodium than soils in ungrazed sites. Plant species richness was significantly higher in the ungrazed sites, likely as a result of encroaching forests and soil factors. Ungrazed sites supported a variety of shade-tolerant plant species, while the grazed sites were associated with shade-intolerant and grazing-tolerant/unpalatable species. The butterflies appeared to be more closely associated to the presence of their larval and nectar hosts in alvars, and moths are likely using surrounding forests for food resources. The best management strategy is for grazing to be maintained at a low intensity, and begin later in the season to maximize plant regeneration and access to nectar resources.Manitoba Sustainable Development Wildlife BranchMaster of Science in BioScience, Technology, and Public Polic
Community-based Criteria and Values for Non-timber Forest Products Management in the Traditional Territory of the Missanabie Cree First Nation
No full textDespite the push for meaningful Indigenous participation in forest management, conventional top-down planning processes fail to sufficiently integrate local knowledge and values necessary to achieve truly sustainable forestry. As Indigenous communities regain control over their traditional territories, there continues to be a growing emphasis on developing locally adapted frameworks by which Indigenous communities and partners may achieve integrated development-conservation systems that reflect their values and aspirations. This community-based case study explores the plurality of local values and perspectives within an Indigenous context, building on the experiences of the Missanabie Cree First Nation (MCFN) of Ontario, Canada. Using an inclusive and participatory approach, this research qualifies and elaborates on local criteria and critical local values surrounding non-timber forest product (NTFP) development and conservation within the MCFN traditional territory. Non-timber forest products are an important element of the spiritual and cultural identity of Canada's Indigenous communities, while playing a significant role in traditional economies. Current commercial forest management systems do not adequately protect these natural resources as managers have yet to sufficiently incorporate both Western science and local Traditional Knowledge and experience into the planning process. Applied ethnobotany and policy analysis theory were used to develop a mixed-methods case study that developed a framework that allows for improved assessments of forest management in relation to the local landscape, community, and culture. Perspectives of Missanabie community members were analyzed through 26 semi-structured interviews conducted in August 2016 that addressed specific components of the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) knowledge-practice-belief complex. Qualitative analysis documented and organized critical local values. Previous Criteria and Indicators (C&I) studies to help inform and guide qualitative coding processes and help saturate emergent criteria and elements. Qualitative results were used to develop a preference ranking questionnaire, administered to MCFN adults (≥18) as a mixed-mode survey. Quantitative findings were used to support qualitative interview by providing an index of relative importance within the community. Prioritized values helped to corroborate trends found throughout the interview results, provide the basis for NTFP development and conservation recommendations, and help provide direction for future planning. By drawing on multiple perspectives, the MCFN, as well as other parties, are able to better understand and make well informed decisions to address socio-ecological issues, begin reestablishing their own institutions directed towards managing forest access and use, and increasing local autonomy and self-determination in forest planning and decision-making processes. This analysis establishes key community-based objectives that have been prioritized by the community with the intent of promoting diverse socio-economic benefits, while advancing local forest management systems. Collaborative research findings will allow for Traditional Knowledge to be considered alongside Western scientific knowledge in working towards an NTFP development plan that can support social, economic, and environmental benefits to the Missanabie Cree community. This framework represents a starting for Missanabie in the forest planning process. Moving forward, leadership can continue to build and revise this framework to accommodate changing needs, further engage their membership, and in doing so perhaps further refine their roles in forest governance and decision-making processes.Master of Science in Bioscience, Technology, and Public Polic
Joseph Rosenblum, “The Authorship Questions,” in The Definitive Shakespeare Companion: Overviews, Documents, and Analysis (vol. 1): 79-94
Get PDFAn early chapter of the 2018 reference work, The Definitive Shakespeare Companion: A Comprehensive Guide for Students concerning the Shakespeare Authorship Question, is found to be inadequate, poorly-researched and filled with logical fallacies.https://shakespeareoxfordfellowship.org/shakespeare-oxford-newsletter
Aanakanootandaa Anishinaabemowin: Let’s Translate the Ojibwe Language
No full textThe digital edition omits Appendix B at the request of the author.The cultural match of Statistical Machine Translation technology with the Ojibwe language revitalization community will be evaluated towards developing a new application of the technology herein described as Machine Assisted Language Revitalization. Anishinaabemowin, the Ojibwe language, is the subject of a dedicated effort to revitalize it following the impacts of colonization. With machine learning offering ever more powerful translation techniques it is important to assesswhether such technologies are appropriate for the needs of the Anishinaabe community and suitable for the purposes they articulate as relevant to their culture's needs. An Indigenized explanatory-sequential mixed methods approach is used to analyze this possibility, first by training an algorithm to translate back and forth between Ojibwe and English and then by exploring responses to the software from members of the Anishinaabemowin language revitalization community. The principles of Ownership, Control, Access and Possession of data by Indigenous communities are observed. Machine Assisted Language Revitalization is proposed in this paper as a new approach to implementing machine translation where Statistical Machine Translation does not create further distance between two people, but rather is used as a language acquisition tool to help foster a connection between a language learner and a fluent speaker until such time that the language learner becomes fluent and the Statistical Machine Translation tool is no longer needed.Master of Arts in Indigenous Governanc