1722 research outputs found
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Grassroots & anti-oppressive approaches to safety
No full textWhat are anti-oppressive, grassroots approaches to talking about and acting on community safety? What evidence-informed strategies are appropriate at a neighbourhood level? Initiated by the South Valour Residents Association in Winnipeg, Manitoba, this broad review of scholarly research and community initiatives demonstrates that there are many good answers to these questions. This review was designed to help inform community groups who want to discuss safety in their neighbourhood and take steps to enhance it. The review begins by outlining how we interpreted anti-oppression for the purpose of the review. The first section then focuses on ways of understanding safety, and on approaches to discussing it. As we outline, our feelings and beliefs about safety, crime, and harm impact the conversations we can have in community. The second half of the review focuses on approaches to creating safety. We introduce and explain each approach, and then give examples of how it can be put into practice."We are pleased to acknowledge the financial support of the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada through the Manitoba Research Alliance’s Partnership Grant Community-Driven Solutions to Poverty: Challenges and Possibilities.
Colleen Pottle on Professional Learning for Culturally Nourishing Pedagogies: Designing Effective Online Workshops
No full textColleen Pottle, M.Ed., is an Indigenous educator and a community-based researcher on the project "Professional Learning for Culturally Nourishing Pedagogies in Nunatsiavut Area Schools." In this video, she describes her work designing the workshops. In particular, she focuses on the important role Elders have in professional learning for teachers, and how Elder involvement was ensured through prerecorded interviews for effective online workshops
The Role of Multidimensional Library Neutrality in Advancing Social Justice: Adapting Theoretical Foundations from Political Science and Urban Planning
Get PDFThere is an ongoing, polarizing debate in the library profession and scholarship regarding the perceived incompatibility between library neutrality (embedded in the profession through the American Library Association’s Library Bill of Rights), and social justice goals. This article asserts that the growing antipathy on the part of some library practitioners and scholars towards neutrality and intellectual freedom is owed at least in part to the profession and scholarship having never articulated an adequate definition of what is meant by neutrality. As a result, the profession lacks a theoretical framework situating the library and library staff as political actors within a multicultural and largely urban society. We argue that such a framework may be drawn from the literatures of political science and urban planning. By positioning libraries and library workers within the context of liberal-democratic institutions – as is the case for urban planners in their theoretical literature – LIS theory can find more durable foundations for its core values. Stressing planning’s commitments to the participation of multiple publics, to dialogue, mediation and to consensus-building through liberal institutions, we develop a multidimensional understanding of neutrality premised on values, stakeholders, processes and goals which we then apply to these planning modes. Finally, we propose a model of “Communicative Librarianship” as best exemplifying these four dimensions of neutrality and their attendant democratic commitments
Freedom and Alienation; Or, Humanism of the Non-All
Get PDFToday, the popular concept of the Anthropocene, used to denote the human geological age, puts to question the centrality of human subjectivity as an ethical agency. Critical posthumanism, in this context, demands the de-centring of the human subject, which in its apparently hubristic disregard for the non-human, seems to have set the world on fire. But what if the human subject is already constitutively de-centred and selfalienated? What purpose is served by aiming to de-centre the already de-centred subject? Beginning with Freudian and Marxist conceptions of a social humanity, this article ties together Hegelian and Lacanian conceptions of ontological incompleteness to argue that it is precisely in our constitutive alienation that we discover the freedom required for ethical action. In contrast to posthumanist and Marxist humanist conceptions of subjectivity, the article shows that it is precisely in the movement from the hysterical discourse to the analytical discourse, in the Lacanian sense, and with it the Hegelian conception of love, that we may discover a dialectical humanism capable of helping us to grapple with the material conditions that plague us today.SSHRC 430-2020-00738https://problemi.si/issues/p2022-5/06_problemi_international_2022_5_flisfeder.pd
Generating accurate tip angles for NMR outside the rotating-wave approximation
No full textAccepted VersionThe generation of accurate tip angles is critical for many applications of nuclear magnetic resonance. In low static field, with a linear rather than circular polarized rf field, the rotating-wave approximation may no longer hold and significant deviations from expected trajectories on the Bloch sphere can occur. For rectangular rf pulses, the effects depend strongly on the phase of the rf field and can be further compounded by transients at the start and end of the pulse. The desired terminus can be still be achieved, however, through the application of a phase-dependent Bloch–Siegert shift and appropriate consideration of pulse timings. For suitably shaped rf pulses, the Bloch–Siegert shift is largely phase independent, but its magnitude can vary significantly depending on details of the pulse shape as well as the characteristics of the rf coil circuit. We present numerical simulations and low-field NMR experiments with 1H and 3He that demonstrate several main consequences and accompanying strategies that one should consider when wanting to generate accurate tip angles outside the validity of the rotating-wave approximation and in low static field."We gratefully acknowledge the support of the University of Winnipeg, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, L’École normale supérieure, and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France."https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S109078072200164
Screening Refugees: Mennonite Central Committee and the Postwar Environment
Get PDFThis article appears with the kind permission of the editor.In the last few years, MCC has undergone an intense period of introspection as it reconsidered its role as a post-World War II refugee resettlement organization. After the end of the war, Mennonite Central Committee provided aid to 12,000 Mennonite refugees and sought to secure their future. Some of these individuals had collaborated with the Nazi regime, committing acts of violence against Jews, Roma, and other groups. While some scholars have recently focused on antisemitism among MCC workers as a significant factor in shaping MCC’s responses, policies, and actions, this is an overly simplified account. Serious historical research requires historians to seek the wider context of an event. Within this methodology, a multitude of motivations appear to have molded MCC’s work. MCC’s Anabaptist operating principles, the improvised and emotional nature of post-war refugee work among co-religionists, and the role of conventions of patriarchy all influenced MCC’s response to refugee resettlement within this complex environment.https://www.goshen.edu/mqr
Field Plant Identification Through Indoor Imagery Using Image Augmentation and Object Detection Algorithms
Get PDFA growing global population and recent changes in climate make it increasingly necessary to incorporate recent advances in machine learning and robotics into agricultural practices. Plant detection is the problem of localizing and classifying all the plants within a given scene. Recent state-of-the-art object detection algorithms show promising results in detecting multiple objects and have great potential for outdoor plant detection. They require, however, a massive annotated plant dataset. It takes a great deal of time and expertise to manually annotate a plant dataset on such a large scale. We propose automating the plant annotation process in this thesis. Synthetic plant image datasets are generated in an outdoor setting by augmenting indoor images of plants that were captured and annotated automatically using a robotic camera system. We examine two different approaches: using image processing techniques to place plants on a soil background and using a generative adversarial model to generate fully synthetic outdoor datasets. We train two different plant detection algorithms on the synthetic datasets and evaluate the results on a manually-annotated outdoor dataset. Our best-performing dataset shows promising results for adoption in larger-scale automatic outdoor plant dataset annotation.Master of Science in Applied Computer Scienc
Gringoire et la foule : le bec à l’eau dans Notre-Dame de Paris
No full texthttps://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1092760a
Developing Criteria to Prioritize Rapid Removal of American Elm Trees Infected with Dutch Elm Disease
Get PDFDuring late summer and early fall in Manitoba, adult native elm bark beetles (NEBB) that carry Dutch Elm Disease (DED) emerge from brood galleries in the canopy and upper trunk of infected elm trees and move to the base and root flares of healthy trees to overwinter. In the spring, DED-carrying beetles disperse from these overwintering sites back to the canopy of healthy elm trees where they feed and construct new brood galleries, thus introducing new DED infections. The current practice after initial DED diagnosis is to remove diseased American and Siberian elm trees prior to emergence of overwintering adult NEBB vectors before the spring. In Manitoba and Saskatchewan, the preferred date for infected tree removal is before the end of March. In Winnipeg, the majority of trees are removed during late fall and winter although infected trees may remain standing into early summer. Infected tree removal remains a vital and primary component of the integrated DED program in the City of Winnipeg, even though other DED management methods are practiced to augment infected tree removal, including insecticidal control of beetles, injection of fungicides for tree protection, sanitation pruning, etc. A significant constraint to this approach is that most infected trees are removed after NEBB adults have emerged in the fall and moved to overwintering sites on healthy trees. Delayed removals due to weather conditions, site accessibility and limitations in resources needed to remove trees have also resulted in infected elm trees remaining in place until the spring. All these issues diminish the success of the elm sanitation program. Removal of all diseased trees before mid-September could potentially reduce NEBB populations and thus, DED incidence, and spread. Logistical limitations are encountered when large numbers of infected trees require immediate removal, and it is impractical to remove that number between July and September. Preliminary research by Holliday (2016) suggested that a small percentage of diseased elm trees may support the majority of maturing NEBB brood. Confirmation of this trend and targeted removal of this small percentage of DED-infected trees carried out prior to the NEBB migration in the fall would greatly reduce DED incidence by decreasing the number of overwintering NEBB. The current project, in collaboration with the University of Winnipeg (UW) and the City of Winnipeg (Forestry Branch), analyzed the correlation between NEBB densities in infected elm trees and the expression of DED symptoms during the summers of 2017, 2018, and 2019. Trunk bark removal and bark removal of upper canopy branches were examined to predict the relationship between canopy NEBB densities and the expression of disease symptoms in the tree crown. A key question was whether specific trees within a larger group of infected trees could be visually confirmed to support large numbers of breeding NEBB during the summer. Surveys were initiated in study neighbourhoods by Forestry Branch DED surveillance staff to confirm the presence of DED in mid-June each year. After DED-infected trees were identified, UW staff assessed a series of external disease symptoms in infected trees. Trees were first assessed in late June, continuing weekly for a minimum of four weeks until the end of August. Once the survey was completed, Forestry Branch sanitation crews removed infected study trees, and branch samples from these trees were taken to determine the number of NEBB brood galleries and percentage of DED staining was present in the canopy. In addition, bark was removed from the lower trunks of infected trees in 2017 to determine whether NEBB colonized this part of the tree during the summer and to examine the level of fungal staining in the lower trunk. During 2018 and 2019, sticky traps on DED-infected study trees were used to capture emerging NEBB and adults searching for overwintering sites. These collected NEBB were then tested for the presence of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi (DED) spores. The relationship between canopy variables recorded during the disease progression survey and NEBB brood gallery density were compared to determine which best predicted high density NEBB trees and could be used to implement a rapid tree removal program. My results indicated that the percentage of dead canopy leaves, dead canopy branches, and DED infection sites were positively correlated with NEBB brood gallery density, whereas overall canopy cover and percentage green canopy leaves were negatively correlated with NEBB brood gallery density. Differences between trees were pronounced when infected trees were placed into two categories (no NEBB brood galleries detected versus NEBB brood galleries detected). Generalized linear models were employed to compare the external canopy variables with NEBB gallery density. Two models predicted which trees had high numbers of NEBB galleries; the first used percentage fungal staining (i.e., proxy for NEBB density) as the response variable while the second model used trees grouped either into detectable or not detectable NEBB density as the response variable. The first model suggested that the percentage of dead leaves in the canopy was a useful predictor of NEBB density, while the second model found the number of initial DED initial infection sites was the most significant predictor of NEBB densities. These findings show that canopy die-back, the percentage of dead leaves in the canopy, and the number of infection sites assessed are the best indicators of NEBB densities. This suggests that if external DED symptoms are tracked during the first month of infection, then they can be used to identify trees and prioritize which need to be removed and disposed of first during July and August in order to prevent NEBB from emerging and dispersing to new trees in the fall.City of Winnipeg, SERG-iMaster of Science in Bioscience, Technology, and Public Polic
