USB Journals (Univ. Köln)
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AI, decisions, and the reasons to believe: ethics-through-epistemology approach
No full textThe paper puts forward a notion of artificial intelligence (AI) as a cognition technology and centres on the role of AI systems as a sort of epistemic plug for the decision-making process by human moral agents. In this sense, the paper argues for an ethics-through-epistemology approach to AI. The question of responsibility is approached from the perspective of the decision maker and explains her motivational setup when deliberating about doing what is morally right. I start by arguing that understanding AI as a cognition technology forces us to re-conceptualize the moral responsibility for AI as the responsibility in the context of cognition. I next unwrap this claim and discuss three major elements in re-focusing the philosophical discussion on the responsibility for AI: shifting focus (a) from actions to decisions, (b) from the question of imputability to the problem of harm mitigation/prevention, and (c) from ontological to epistemic conditions. Based on this, I argue that the responsible stance towards decision-making with AI presupposes an obligation to evaluate reasons for actions. I then analyse these in terms of reasons to believe in connection with the epistemic authority of AI as a cognition technology
Entwicklung eines digitalen Spiels zur Förderung des materialgestützten argumentierenden Schreibens im sprachsensiblen Geographie- und Deutschunterricht
Get PDFIn diesem Beitrag fokussieren wir auf die Entwicklung des digitalen Adventure-Spiels EcoKick. Am Beispiel eines Raumnutzungskonflikts in urbaner Gegend soll es in direkter Verknüpfung mit der Spielintention zur Förderung der Fähigkeit beitragen, im Kontext von gesellschaftlich relevanten Konflikten eigene Urteile bzw. Positionierungen faktenbasiert und unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Perspektiven auf den Konflikt zu bilden. Eine wesentliche Zielsetzung des Spiels besteht zudem in der Vorbereitung auf materialgestütztes argumentierendes Schreiben. In diesem Rahmen kann es auch in einem sprachsensiblen Geographie- oder Deutschunterricht eingesetzt werden. Im Beitrag fundieren wir die Relevanz der Förderung von faktenbasierter Urteilsbildung und Perspektivenübernahme zunächst durch theoretische Überlegungen und empirische Erkenntnisse aus dem Fachdiskurs zum materialgestützten argumentierenden Schreiben (in der Sekundarstufe I) und setzen dazu Studien zum Lernpotenzi-al digitaler Spiele in Bezug. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen wir die zentralen Aspekte von EcoKick im Kontext der interdisziplinären Spieleentwicklung zur Diskussion.
Abstract (english): Developing a digital game to promote material-supported argumentative writing in language-sensitive Geography and German lessons
In this paper, we focus on the development of the digital learning game EcoKick. Using the example of a conflict over the use of space in an urban area, the game intends to contribute to the development of the ability to form one’s own fact-based judgments and positioning by taking into account different perspectives in the context of socially relevant conflicts. Crucially, the support should be directly linked to the game intention. Furthermore, an essential objective of the game is the preparation for material-based argumentative writing. In this context, it can also be used in language-sensitive geography or German lessons. In the paper, we first substantiate the relevance of promoting fact-based judgment and perspective-taking by theoretical considerations and empirical findings from the discourse on material-based argumentative writing (in High School) and, in connection thereto, take up studies on the learning potential of digital games. Against this background, we present the central aspects of the educational game EcoKick for discussions in the context of interdisciplinary game development
Ludische und literarische Lernpotenziale erkennen. Eine prototypische Computerspielanalyse von "A Juggler’s Tale" (2021)
Get PDFDigitale Spiele sind aus der Lebenswelt der Lernenden nicht mehr wegzudenken und auch in Bildungsinstitutionen werden Potenziale ausgewählter Games zunehmend erkannt und zum Lernen genutzt. Dabei stellt die Auswahl eines geeigneten Spiels zur gezielten Initiierung gewünschter Lernprozesse Lehrkräfte des Öfteren vor Herausforderungen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es daher, aufzuzeigen, inwiefern sich narrative Computerspiele als gewinnbringende Lerngegenstände für einen zeitgemäßen und kompetenzorientierten Literatur- und Medienunterricht eignen können. Hierzu wird eine prototypische Computerspielanalyse an A Juggler’s Tale (2021) durchgeführt und dargelegt, welche Interdependenzen zwischen spielinhärenten narrativen und ludischen Gestaltungsmitteln erkannt und gedeutet werden müssen, um Lernenden ein digitales Textverstehen sowie zeitgleich eine lohnenswerte medienästhetischeErfahrung zu ermöglichen und auf diese Weise zu einem ludoliterarischen Kompetenzerwerb beizutragen.
Abstract (english): Recognize ludic and literary learning potential. A prototypical computer game analysis from "A juggler\u27s tale" (2021)
Digital games have become an integral part of learners’ lives and the potential of selected games is also increasingly being recognized and used for learning in educational institutions. However, the selection of a suitable game for the targeted initiation of desired learning processes often presents teachers with challenges. The aim of this article is therefore to show to what extent narrative computer games can be profitable learning objects for a contemporary and competence-oriented literature and media education. For this purpose, a prototypical computer game analysis of A Juggler’s Tale (2021) will be carried out and it will be shown which interdependencies between game-inherent narrative and ludic means of design have to be recognized and interpreted in order to offer learners a digital text comprehension and at the same time a worthwhile media-aesthetic experience and thus contribute to the acquisition of ludoliterary competence
Paisajes mineros en un área marginal del Reyno de Chile: un abordaje desde la antropología-ambiental al Corregimiento de Cuyo (1683-1756)
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the characteristics of the mining metallurgical activities developed in the Andean peripheral region of Cuyo (Argentina) during the first eighteenth century, according to the periodization proposed by Contreras Carranza. From a perspective that fuses Historical Anthropology and Environmental History, we will analyze the role that this activity played in the socio-historical dynamics of the area, based on the technological strategies deployed in the exploitation and production of minerals, as well as in the identification of the socio-ethnic groups that were affected by the work recorded in the study area. Likewise, this disciplinary fusion will allow us to construct analytical categories to understand the mode of production of the synchronous and/or diachronic socio-environmental impact of the mining sites of the late colonial world of Cuyo.This paper analyzes the characteristics of the mining metallurgical activities developed in the Andean peripheral region of Cuyo (Argentina) during the first eighteenth century, according to the periodization proposed by Contreras Carranza. From a perspective that fuses Historical Anthropology and Environmental History, we will analyze the role that this activity played in the socio-historical dynamics of the area, based on the technological strategies deployed in the exploitation and production of minerals, as well as in the identification of the socio-ethnic groups that were affected by the work recorded in the study area. Likewise, this disciplinary fusion will allow us to construct analytical categories to understand the mode of production of the synchronous and/or diachronic socio-environmental impact of the mining sites of the late colonial world of Cuyo.Este trabajo analiza las características de las actividades minero-metalúrgicas desarrolladas en la región periférica andina de Cuyo (Argentina) durante el primer siglo XVIII, según la periodización propuesta por Contreras Carranza. Desde una perspectiva que fusiona la Antropología Histórica y la Historia Ambiental, analizaremos el rol que ejerció esta actividad en la dinámica sociohistórica del área, a partir de las estrategias tecnológicas desplegadas en la explotación y producción de minerales, como así también en la identificación de los grupos socio-étnicos que fueron afectados a las labores registradas en el área de estudio. Asimismo, esta fusión disciplinar nos permitirá construir categorías analíticas para comprender el modo de producción del impacto socioambiental sincrónico y/o diacrónico de los asientos mineros del mundo colonial tardío de Cuyo
Favoreciendo el retroceso de la secularización. Catolicismo corporativo y Estado en el Perú, 1920-1945
Get PDFThis study outlines, for the period between 1920 and 1945 -marked by the global economic crisis, World War, authoritarianism or the increasing social control of the State-, how the corporatist vision existing within the hierarchy of the Peruvian Catholic Church and the presence of authoritarian governments allowed closer collaboration between the Church and the State in several fields, as opposed to their immediate past. This collaboration achieved the elimination or limitation of some existing secularizing norms and practices. The specific aspects of these changes are reviewed and their consequences are discussed. This study may help to provide a better understanding of the relationship between authoritarianism and religion in Latin America.This study outlines, for the period between 1920 and 1945 -marked by the global economic crisis, World War, authoritarianism or the increasing social control of the State-, how the corporatist vision existing within the hierarchy of the Peruvian Catholic Church and the presence of authoritarian governments allowed closer collaboration between the Church and the State in several fields, as opposed to their immediate past. This collaboration achieved the elimination or limitation of some existing secularizing norms and practices. The specific aspects of these changes are reviewed and their consequences are discussed. This study may help to provide a better understanding of the relationship between authoritarianism and religion in Latin America.El estudio plantea, para el periodo entre 1920 y 1945 -marcado por la crisis económica global, la guerra mundial, el autoritarismo o el creciente control social estatal-, cómo la visión corporativa existente dentro de la jerarquía católica peruana y la existencia de gobiernos autoritarios permitió una estrecha colaboración entre la Iglesia y el Estado en varios campos, a diferencia del pasado inmediato. Esta colaboración consiguió la eliminación o limitación de algunas normas y prácticas secularizadoras existentes. Se revisan los aspectos concretos de estos cambios, y se plantean sus consecuencias. El estudio puede servir para un mejor entendimiento sobre las relaciones entre autoritarismo y religión en América Latina
Resistir obedeciendo: la legitimación de las autoridades indígenas a través de las elecciones parroquiales del obispado de Puebla, 1789-1835
Get PDFThe resistance to the electoral reforms of the Constitutional City Councils, by the República de Naturales, marked the political practice that, with the establishment of the nation-state, modified the symbols of legitimacy of the new authorities and outlined an alternative way of participating in their government through the emerging concept of citizenship. They did so by constantly interpreting and adapting the new system to the traditional corporate regime. The mechanism was the legitimizing reference: the parish, a symbol of identity and recognition, which allowed the indigenous authorities to maintain their collection capacity.The resistance to the electoral reforms of the Constitutional City Councils, by the República de Naturales, marked the political practice that, with the establishment of the nation-state, modified the symbols of legitimacy of the new authorities and outlined an alternative way of participating in their government through the emerging concept of citizenship. They did so by constantly interpreting and adapting the new system to the traditional corporate regime. The mechanism was the legitimizing reference: the parish, a symbol of identity and recognition, which allowed the indigenous authorities to maintain their collection capacity.La resistencia de las repúblicas de naturales a las reformas electorales de los ayuntamientos constitucionales marcó la práctica política que al establecerse el Estado-nación modificaron los símbolos de legitimidad de las nuevas autoridades y trazaron una manera alterna de participar en su gobierno a través del incipiente concepto de ciudadanía. Lo hicieron interpretando y adaptando constantemente el nuevo sistema al tradicional de régimen corporativo. El mecanismo fue el referente legitimador: la parroquia, símbolo de identidad y reconocimiento, lo que permitió a las autoridades indígenas mantener su capacidad recaudatoria
Frontmatter and Editorial
No full textIn lieu of an abstract, here is the first paragraph of the editorial:
The last year was a year of transition for Gender Forum: An Internet Journal for Gender Studies, which is now entering its twentieth year. As the new general editor of Gender Forum, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Beate Neumeier, the founding editor and outgoing general editor of the journal, for her decade-long services to Gender Forum. I am in awe of what you and your editorial teams have created over the last twenty years and honored that you trust me to continue your work. I would also like to thank Sarah Youssef for her tireless work as managing editor of the journal during the years prior to my arrival and for your willingness to share your expertise during the transition between editorial teams. Your work, like the work of many managing editors, review editors, and student assistants before you, has been invaluable for keeping the journal afloat. Your dedication to the idea behind the Early Career Researchers Issues, in particular, has been an inspiration. I hope the new team can continue the work of Gender Forum in your spirit
“But you will be a girl heroes fear”: Mia Corvere’s Gender Portrayal and Queerness in Jay Kristoff’s The Nevernight Chronicle
Get PDFThis article argues that Australian author Jay Kristoff\u27s Nevernight trilogy contests, deconstructs, and subverts gendered restrictions and stereotypes often found in fantasy literature. Protagonist Mia Corvere overcomes both tropes of toxic masculinity and a single-minded focus on revenge by facing her fears, emotions, and embracing her queerness. As this article shows, the heroine’s gender performance moves beyond binary constructions and challenges narrative conventions as well as reader assumptions
Of Bees and Women: Femininity and Climate Change in Mireille Juchau’s The World Without Us
Get PDFThis article investigates notions of femininity in light of contemporary debates around anthropogenic climate change in literature. Climate change fiction (cli-fi) specifically considers life in the Anthropocene and the consequence of changing climatological realities for human and nonhuman actors in ecosystems. Seemingly straight-forward dichotomies between human and nonhuman, wild and domesticated, useful and harmful subjectivities are being contested, and literary texts increasingly pick up on and reflect the instabilities of previously undisputed dualisms. Mireille Juchau’s novel The World Without Us (2015) explores the intertwined relationships between climate, the animal world, and human subjectivity as it slowly uncovers the multifaceted narration around the Müller family’s grief at the loss of their child. As the family’s life is repeatedly underscored with symbolism of bees, the narration draws parallels between human life and the lives of bees. The text’s elaborate play with multiperspectivity is reminiscent of insect eyes’ compound nature and undulates between fragmentation and complexity. This article explores how Juchau’s novel offers new ways of exploring femininity within notions of grief and suffering on the one hand and the effects of anthropogenic climate change on the other