Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Not a member yet
620 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of Different Soil Amendments and Biofertilizers on Pisum sativum L. in Sandy Soil
No full textTwo successive field experiments were conducted out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Center Station experimental farm (Latitude 30ᵒ 35′ 41.901″ N and Longitude 32ᵒ 16′ 45. 843″E) to study the effect of cyanobacterial to investigate the influence of several biofertilizers (Anabaena variabilis, Azollae), some soil amendments (feldspar, bentonite, zeolite) and their combines on pea plant (Pisum sativum L.) type Super 2, during the winter seasons of 2022/2023 and 2023/2024. The results demonstrated that all treatments increased all growth parameters, although mixing treatments outperformed single treatments. The treatment Azollae mixed with feldspar soil amendments produced the most significant growth characteristics, including plant height, plant dry weight, total chlorophyll, number of leaves, number of pods, pod length, pod diameter, number of seeds on pod, pod fresh weight, pod dry weight,100 seeds fresh weight ,100 seeds dry weight and total green pod yield (tons fed-1). It also has the greatest NPK content and uptake in plant and grains as well as carbohydrates, proteins contents in grain. Following that, Azollae was combined with each of zeolite or bentonite, and Anabaena variabilis was mixed with each soil amendments in both seasons. Soil analysis follows the same pattern as plant analysis, with treatments of Azollae mixed with each of the soil amendments yielding the highest significant values of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) and dehydrogenase enzyme activity in soil in both seasons, followed by Anabaena variabilis mixed with each soil amendments. Single treatments of Azollae and Anabaena variabilis resulted in higher plant and soil analysis than single soil amendments feldspar, bentonite, and zeolite, while the control treatment yielded the lowest results in both seasons. Therefore, the recommendation from this study is that employing a single soil conditioner with Azollae, or Anabaena variabilis as a biofertilizer increased pea plants more than a single application of either
Effects of Organic Amendments on Earthworm Population in Sugarcane Plant Ratoon System under Different Planting Methods
No full textThis research aimed to study the effect of organic sources under different planting methods on the population of earthworm in sugarcane plantation for plant and ratoon crop. The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research station, Anakapalle (Andhra Pradesh) on sandy loan soils under split split plot design with different planting methods, soil health management practices and nutrient levels. The main plots consisted of three planting methods M1: conventional planting, M2: paired row planting, M3: dual row planting along with four organic amendments as sub plots (Control, trash mulching + biodecomposer (A & B), green manuring with sunnhemp @ 37.5 kg ha-1 seed rate, green manuring with sunnhemp @ 25 kg ha-1 seed rate followed by intercropping) and two nutrient levels as sub sub plots (75% RDF + NPK biofertilizers and 100% RDF). The results showed that in the plant and ratoon crop significantly highest earthworm population was observed with green manuring with sunnhemp @ 25 kg ha-1 seed rate followed by intercropping and was found significantly superior to control treatment. Organic sources can improve both the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil under these conditions, which cousld improve soil ecosystem services and thus increasing the earthworm population
Prediction of Soil Colour using Vis-NIR Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Models
No full textSoil colour is a critical indicator of soil properties and conditions, influencing various agronomic and environmental factors. A total of 2216 surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from the Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hill zone of Madhya Pradesh, using Global Positioning System (GPS) for precise location. Soil colour parameters were measured in the field using the Munsell soil colour chart, while chemical analysis was conducted in the laboratory following standard procedures. Additionally, spectra of the soil samples were recorded using a spectroradiometer under laboratory conditions.
The results showed that the soil colour hues ranged from 10R, 10YR, 2.5Y, 2.5YR, 5Y, 5R, 5YR, to 7.5YR, Values and Chroma varied from 2 to 7 and 1 to 8, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between the RGB components and organic carbon, with r values of -0.114**, -0.071**, and -0.101* for R, G, and B, respectively. Polynomial models showed the best fit for the relationship between the value and chroma of the colour parameters and soil organic carbon (SOC), with equations Y = 0.086x² - 0.860x + 7.528 (R² = 0.982) and Y = 0.018x² - 0.249x + 6.126 (R² = 0.948), respectively. A linear relationship was observed between chroma and available phosphorus (P), with the equation Y = -0.873 + 13.92 (R² = 0.922).
In addition, machine learning models, including PLSR, SVM, Random Forest, ANN, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and ELM algorithms, were used to predict soil colour parameters. Among these, the Random Forest and XGBoost models demonstrated the best performance in predicting soil colour parameters (L*, a*, b*, R, G, and B), with model accuracies of 83.6%, 80.9%, 83.0%, 84.3%, 83.7%, and 83.4%, respectively. soil colour variation depicted in the maps generated using GIS can also serve as covariates for mapping, offering comprehensive insights into the soil\u27s properties
The Effect of Foliar Application of Zinc, Potassium, and Boron on Fruit Set and Retention in Kinnow Mandarin
No full textThe study was conducted to assess the impact of foliar application of zinc (Zn), potassium (K), and boron (B) on the yield and quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin during 2023-2024 at the experimental orchard of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The aim was to address declining yields and fruit drop percentage due to improper nutrient management. The foliar treatments included zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄), potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄), and boric acid, either alone or in combination, applied to 10- year-old Kinnow plants. Key parameters measured included flowering time, fruit set, fruit retention, fruit drop, fruit size, and number of flowers per twig. The results indicated that the combined treatment of zinc sulfate (1.5%), potassium sulfate (0.5%), and boron (0.6%) was superior across all metrics, significantly improving vegetative growth, yield, and decline fruit drop percentage of tree. This treatment enhanced initial fruit set, fruit retention, and fruit size while reducing fruit drop or days taken for flowering. These findings suggest that proper nutrient application can significantly improve the productivity and quality of Kinnow mandarins. Zinc (Zn), boron (B), and potassium (K) are essential nutrients for fruit trees, playing critical roles in growth and fruit quality. Zinc is vital for enzyme activation, protein synthesis, and chlorophyll production, enhancing photosynthesis and reproductive success. Boron is crucial for cell wall formation, pollen tube growth, and nutrient transport, ensuring fruit set and preventing disorders like fruit cracking. Potassium regulates water balance, enzyme activity, and carbohydrate transport, contributing to larger fruit size, improved sugar content, and stress resistance. Together, these nutrients support optimal growth, fruit development, and high-quality fruit production
Effect of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Sprayed Herbicides on the Soil Properties and Nutrient Availability in Rabi Groundnut
No full textHerbicides are normally applied by manually operated knapsack sprayers, which are laborious, uneven and prone to human mistakes. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a promising agricultural spraying alternative to manual operation. Drone herbicide spraying was compared to knapsack sprayers in this study. A two year field experiment was conducted at Regional Agriculture Research Station, Research Farm, Palem, Nagarkurnool, Telangana during rabi 2022-23 and 2023-24. A ready-mix post emergence herbicide with combination of Imazethapyr 3.75% + propaquizafop 2.5% ME was applied to groundnut at 20-25 DAS. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments viz., 75% recommended dose (RD), 100% RD and 125% RD which were applied with drone using 20 and 40 L ha-1 spray fluid and sprayed from 2.0 and 2.5 m height from canopy, Checks (5) were also maintained (manual spray of 75% RD,100%RD and 125% RD, weedy check and weed free) in the experiment for comparative evaluation of drone applied and manually applied herbicides. Experiment was laid out in 3X2X2 FRBD and replicated thrice. Results of the experiment showed that application of different doses of ready mix herbicide did not significantly influence the soil physical and chemical properties observed after harvest of the crop. Similarly, the available macro-nutrient status was also not significantly influenced by drone sprayed herbicide application compared to manual spraying using knapsack sprayer
Land Use Planning by Using GIS Techniques for Land Resource Inventory (LRI)- Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka, India
No full textA study was conducted to determine land capability and to develop suitability map based on soil characteristics and climatic factors of watershed area. Detailed soil survey was carried out for Donur-2 micro watershed which comes under Basavana Bagewadi taluka of Vijayapura district, Karnataka to acquire the comprehensive data related land resources. From the study area, it was observed that based on soil-site characteristics four soil series were identified such as Dadamatti, Karjol, Nidoni and Rampur series and mapped into eight mapping units using GIS techniques. Donur-2 watershed area has been grouped into three land capability classes (LCC) viz., II, III and IV with four subclasses IIes, IIIs, IIIse and IVe. Subclass ‘e’ is due to major limitation of soil property group ‘e’ i.e erosion and slope, subclass ‘s’ is due to major limitations group ‘s’ having parameters like texture, depth and gravelliness. Subclass ‘se’ and ‘es’ are due to limitations of both soil parameters group above mentioned, however se and es are different classes which are based major limitation one of the group and followed by other group. Land capability map was developed using GIS techniques which indicates that out of 324.3 ha study area, LCC class IIIs covering major area i.e. 179 ha (55.12%), followed by class IIs i.e. 109 ha (33.51%), class IVe i.e. 23 ha (7.15%) and minor area of 7 ha (2.15%) area is covered by class IIIse. Soil suitability assessment indicates that majority of land is moderately suitable for agriculture. Class III soils are designated as moderately fertile agricultural land with significant constraints. However, with special conservation practices soils under class III can be used for cultivation of different crops. Class IV soils are categorized as reasonably fertile for intermittent cultivation, characterized by significant restrictions that limit crop options but with careful management practices these can be used for cultivation of arable crops. Therefore, the utilization of a land use planning approach (LUP) is instrumental in formulating tailored land resource management strategies to enhance land productivity, mitigate land degradation and attain sustainability goals
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., Crop
No full textAn experiments was conducted during winter season of 2019-20 and are presented in this chapter. The observations were recorded on growth, growth analysis, yield and yield attributes of different treatments and has been subjected to statistical analysis and presented in tables and graphical presentation as well, wherever necessary. The treatments effects have been described in the light of statistical inter pretations. The data pertaining to emergence percent of potato was recorded at 30days after planting (DAP) is given revealed the emergence(%) was not affected due to Integrated Nutrient Management-INM practice, the data further indicated that maximum emergence percent (94.40 %) was recorded underT6- 67% RDF through inorganic sources + 33% Recomended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF) through organic sources i.e., FYM + biofertilizer (Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria/PSB), which was closely followed by T3 Poultry manure @ 5 t/ha + biofertilizer (PSB) (93.90) and minimum (91.30 %) and T2 - Farm Yard Manure (FYM) @ 30 t/ha) + biofertilizer (PSB)
Sustainable Development Attributes of Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) to Agricultural Practices
No full textThe agricultural sector is fundamental to human civilization since it provides food and other basic needs to billions of people. Given that 9.7 billion people are expected to live on Earth by 2050, food production needs to increase by 70%. The population is predicted to become more urbanized by 2050, with 75% of people likely to live in metropolitan regions. Improved agricultural techniques and the promotion of high-yielding cultivars are essential to addressing the issues of sustainability and food security. The Green Revolution changed agriculture in India, resulting in a food surplus. However, it has resulted in difficulties such as lower crop output, resource depletion, and environmental deterioration. In response, new techniques such as zero-budget natural farming (ZBNF) have evolved. Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) is a sustainable farming approach aimed at improving soil health, increasing crop output, and lowering production costs. The foundations of ZBNF are examined in this review study along with how they affect agricultural output, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic advantages. ZBNF places a strong emphasis on using organic inputs and natural resources such as jeevamrita, bijamrita, acchadana and whapasa to increase microbial diversity, improve soil fertility, encourage nutrient cycling, and save water. ZBNF can lower production costs, boost crop yield, and enhance soil health. It also confers better emergence parameters, relative leaf water content, root parameters, and overall yield and productivity on plant growth. Additionally, ZBNF supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals by encouraging sustainable agriculture, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and improving rural lives
Response of Potassium Humate as Foliar Sprays on Growth Parameters, Chlorophyll Content, Yield and Quality of Cowpea
No full textAim: Humic substances plays a vital role in soil fertility and plant nutrition. Application of humic substances within a fairly wide range of concentration are highly beneficial to plant root development. Humic acid is excellent foliar fertilizer carrier and an activator. The present investigation was conducted to study the response of foliar application of potassium humate extracted from good quality Farm Yard Manure (FYM), on growth parameters, chlorophyll content, yield and quality of cowpea.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design with three replications and seven treatments.
Place and Duration of the Study: The research was conducted in rabi 2021at the College of Agriculture, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Methodology: Good quality FYM was used to extract potassium salt of humic acid. The extracted potassium humate was used as foliar application (at two different growth stages) at different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) along with General Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (GRDF), comprising seven treatments that were laid in a completely randomized design with three replications.
Results: The results indicated that two foliar applications of potassium humate @ 400 ppm + GRDF (T6) to cowpea plants significantly increased growth parameters viz. average number of seeds per pod (18.0), 100 seed weight (9.59 g), seed yield (91.10 g pot-1) and dry straw yield (113.88 g pot-1), total chlorophyll content and protein content compared to absolute control (T1) and GRDF + water spray (T2).
Conclusion: The study concluded that foliar applications of potassium humate @ 400 ppm + GRDF significantly improved growth parameters, total chlorophyll, yield and protein content (21.42%) of cowpea seed under pot culture condition
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)
No full textThe present investigation was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during Kharif 2021-22 with a view to identify the effects of different doses of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of Tomato variety TMTH-288. The experiment was laid in Randomized block design with 13 treatments and 3 replications with different combination in nano fertilizers. Under this experiment, overall, 13 combinations was taken including control. PGRs comprised of GA3, 2,4-D, Triacontanol and NAA were given. According to the current research, the current study found that the use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) had a significant positive impact on the growth and yield of tomato. Among the treatments tested, T3 (GA3 40 ppm) showed the most favorable results in terms of plant height, early flowering and maturing. It also demonstrated superior performance in terms of fruit weight, polar and radial length of fruit, number of fruits per plant, and yield per plant