Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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Effect of Liquid and Single Compound NPK Fertilizer on Soil and Plant Nitrogen Content and Yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. Saccharata) in Inceptisols of Jatinangor
No full textThe main problem in Inceptisols soil is its low fertility level. One of the efforts to overcome this problem is by providing additional nutrients that can be absorbed by the soil through compound NPK fertilization, which supplies available nutrients to optimize soil fertility, thereby improving the quality and quantity of sweet corn plants. This research aims to determine the effect of liquid compound NPK fertilizer and single fertilizer on total soil N content, plant N content, and yields of sweet corn crops; and to obtain a combination of compound NPK inorganic fertilizer and single fertilizer that provides the highest yield of sweet corn on Inceptisols soil from Jatinangor. The experiment was carried out in the experimental garden of the soil chemistry and plant nutrition laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, from July 2023 to December 2023. The research design used was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) consisting of nine treatments and three replications, namely: A (control); B (1 dose NPK fertilizer standard); C (¾ NPK compound + ¾ NPK standard); D (1 NPK compound + ¾ NPK standard); E (1½ NPK compound + ¾ NPK standard); F (½ NPK compound + 1 NPK standard); G (¾ NPK compound + 1 NPK standard); H (1 NPK compound + 1 NPK standard), and I (1½ NPK Compound + 1 NPK standard). The data collected were initial soil yield before treatment, soil N-total content, N-plant content, cob diameter, cob length, husked cob weight, peeled cob weight, and cob weight per plot. Data analysis was carried out using variance analysis and continued with the 5% level Duncan’s Mutiple Range Test (DMRT). Data analysis using SPSS software. The research results show that the application of liquid and single compound NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on increasing soil N-total, N-plant content, and yields of sweet corn on Inceptisols soil from Jatinangor; and the combination dose of 1 NPK compound (8 L ha-1) + 1 dose of NPK standard (Urea 300 kg ha-1, TSP 100 kg ha-1, and KCl 50 kg ha-1) provides the best sweet corn crop results on Inceptisols soil from Jatinangor
The Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Major Nutrient Status and Physico-chemical Properties of Soil in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
No full textA field experiment was conducted during rabi 2022-23 to study the effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on physical and chemical properties of soil such as soil bulk density, maximum water holding capacity, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available major nutrients. The following parameters were investigated in an experiment comprising eleven treatments replicated thrice in randomized complete block design with quinoa. The results of the experiment suggested that soil physico-chemical properties like maximum water holding capacity, organic carbon had significantly influenced with the application of 50% nitrogen dose (ND) + 50% N through FYM + seed treatment (Azotobacter + PSB). Soil major nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium had a higher significant effect with the application of 50% nitrogen dose (ND) + 50% N through vermicompost (VC) + seed treatment (Azotobacter + PSB) in comparison to application of 100% fertilizer dose. In the other hand, soil properties like bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity did not have a significant influence with the practice of Integrated Nutrient Management in quinoa
Studies of Nodules and Productivity with Phosphate and Zinc Solubilizing Microbes in Lentil
No full textA field experiment was conducted at GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during Rabi 2020 on Phosphorus and Zinc efficacy with phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes in lentil (Lens culinaris) in tarai region. Twelve different doses of phosphorus and zinc with phosphate and zinc solubilizing microbes viz. T1: Absolute Control (without P and Zn), T2: RDP@ 48 kg ha-1, T3: Soil application of ZnSO4@ 25 kg ha-1, T4: Biophos @ 5ml kg-1 seed, T5: Biozinc (5 ml kg-1 seed), T6: Biophos and Biozinc (5 ml kg-1 seed), T7: 50% RDP @ 24 kg + Biophos (5 ml kg-1 seed), T8: 12.5 kg ZnSO4 + Biozinc (5 ml kg-1 seed), T9: 50% RDP@ 24 kg + Biophos + Biozinc (5 ml kg-1 seed), T10: 50% recommended phosphorus dose application @ 24 kgha-1 + Biophos @ 5 ml seed-1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg-1 seed, T11: Recommended phosphorus dose application @ 48 kg ha-1 + nutrient mobilizer (LNm 43a) @ 20 g kg-1 seed and T12: 50% recommended phosphorus dose application @ 24 kg ha-1 + Soil application of 12.5 kg ZnSO4 ha-1 + nutrient mobilize @ 20g kg-1 seed were tested in randomized block design taking three replications. Results showed that the number and dry weight of nodules and grain yield found highest in treatment 50% RDP @ 24 +12.5 kg ZnSO4 + Biophos + Biozinc (5 ml seed-1 each) whereas treatment 12.5 kg ZnSO4 + Biozinc (5 mleed-1) showed highest harvest index compared to control
The Effect of Nutrient Seed Priming on Nutrient Concentration and Uptake of Soybean
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutrient seed priming on the nutrient concentration and uptake in soybeans’ and experiment was carried out two consecutive years at research farm of Oilseed Research Station, Latur under VNMKV, Parbhani, during kharif, 2018 and 2019 in randomized block design (RBD) with 12 treatments which were replicated thrice. The soil of experimental field was clayey in texture (Vertisols),The treatments comprises T1: absolute control,T2: Only RDF,T3:RDF + Zn@ 3g kg-1 seed,T4 :RDF + B @ 3g kg-1 seed,T5: RDF+ Fe@ 3g kg-1 seed.,T6: RDF + S @ 3g kg-1 seed,T7: RDF + Zn+ B each @ 3g/kg-1 seed,T8: RDF + Zn+ B +Mo each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T9:RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T10: RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe+ S each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T11:RDF + Rhizobium +PSB each @ 10 ml kg-1 seed ,T12: Without RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe + S each @ 3g kg-1 seed. The results indicated that the priming of Zn+ B + Mo + Fe+ S each @ 3g kg-1 seed along with RDF proved its superiority over rest of treatments, however, Priming with a combination of Zn, B, Mo, Fe, and S along with RDF resulted in a significant increase in nutrient concentration and nutrient uptake of soybean over alone nutrient application and control treatment
Assessment of Activated Charcoal and Phosphorus for Promoting Maize Production
No full textThe most continuous farming practice is the yearly addition of phosphorus fertilizers to soils in arid and semi-arid regions that all suffer from shortages of phosphorus availability. A vital approach is rationalizing applied fertilizers and trying to benefit from their reservoir in yearly-fertilized old soils using an activated charcoal-fertilizer mixture. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at a private farm in Mushtuhur, Toukh, Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt. This trial was set up to study the effect of phosphorus (P) fertilizer sources (phosphoric acid Ph.A and super phosphate S.Ph), the P application rates (P0=control, P1=50%, P2=75% and P3=100% of P requirements), activated charcoal (A.Ch) rates (A.Ch0=control, A.Ch1=1, A.Ch2=3 and A.Ch3=5 g/hole, corresponding to 41, 124, and 207 kg ha-1, respectively) and the interaction between them on promoting maize growth, production and its nutrient status. Generally, adding phosphorus improved plant height (m), dry grains (t ha-1), and ash yield (t ha-1) without a significant difference between all P rates. Phosphoric acid affects most studied parameters, mainly the biological, ear, and ash yield (t ha-1); it was the best compared with superphosphate. Adding the 1st rate of A.Ch improved the studied growth and yield parameters significantly compared with the control. Slight enhancement was induced by the 2nd A.Ch dose, and there was no significant difference between the 3rd and 4th rates in most studied parameters. The heighest value of grain yield resulted from the third interaction between A. Ch3 x P0, followed by A. Ch2 x P0, and the next is Ph.A x A. Ch2 x P1 without significant difference among them. These results shed light on the fact that there is no need to add P fertilizers yearly, as described by the recommendations of the Ministry of Agriculture. Different materials can move the fixed P in old clayey soil, such as A.Ch
Productivity and Profitability of kharif Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Seedling Age and Nitrogen Management
No full textAim: The aim of the experiment is to know the effect of seedling age and nitrogen management on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of kharif rice.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design.
Place and Duration of Study: Research Farm of Agricultural Research Station, Brinjhagiri, Chhatabar of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar (Odisha), during kharif season of 2023.
Methodology: Three seedling ages viz. S1: 3 weeks (21 days), S2: 4 weeks (28 days) and S3: 5 weeks (35 days) as main plot treatment and four nitrogen management strategies i.e. N1: 100% N through urea, N2: 50% N through urea + 50% N through neem cake, N3: 50% N through urea + 50% N through FYM and N4: 50% N through FYM + 50% N through neem cake as sub-plot treatments replicated thrice. The net plot size was 4m × 3m.
Results: S2 resulted highest grain yield (4.74t ha-1) and straw yield (7.18t ha-1). N1 produced highest grain yield (4.54t ha-1) and straw yield (6.96t ha-1). Maximum net return (Rs.60367) and return per rupee investment (1.98) received from 4 weeks old seedling with 100% N through urea application.
Conclusion: Transplantation of 4 weeks old seedling (28 days) and 50% N through urea + 50% N through neem cake can be recommended to achieve higher yield. Maximum net return (Rs.60367), gross return (Rs.121687) and return per rupee investment (1.98) received from 4 weeks old seedling with 100% N through urea application
Opportunities and Challenges on Natural Farming
No full textNatural Farming, an ecological and sustainable agricultural practice, emphasizes minimal human intervention and the use of natural resources for crop cultivation. Unlike conventional farming, which relies heavily on chemical inputs, Natural Farming integrates practices such as minimal tillage and organic inputs like cow dung and plant-based preparations. This case study explores Natural Farming practices among farmers in Tamil Nadu, focusing on their experiences, opportunities, and challenges. The study includes detailed case studies of three farmers in Coimbatore District and each farmer employing different natural farming techniques and facing unique obstacles. The findings reveal that Natural Farming offers significant benefits, including reduced farming costs, improved soil health, and enhanced market opportunities for organic produce. Farmers reported that these practices lead to better crop resilience and higher-quality produce, often fetching premium prices. However, challenges persist, including difficulties in weed control, pest and disease management, labor shortages, and delay in certification, which can affect market access and profitability. The study underscores the potential of Natural Farming to transform agricultural practices by promoting sustainability and reducing dependence on chemical inputs. It also highlights the need for supportive interventions, such as enhanced market access, comprehensive farmer training, and government support to address the identified challenges and maximize the benefits of Natural Farming. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Natural Farming\u27s role in sustainable agriculture and its implications for farmers in Tamil Nadu
The Response of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] in the Village Chikkenahalli of Challakere Taluk, Chitraduraga District
No full textCluster bean is one of the significant yet underutilized leguminous vegetables belonging to family fabaceae. It is known by various names across the country such as gaur, chavli kaayi, gori kaayi, khutt, govar, and kothavare. A field experiment on cluster bean was carried out during the summer season of the year 2024 at the farm of P. L. Dodda Rangegowda in Chikkenahalli of Challakere taluk, Chitradurga district, Karnataka. The primary objectives of the study are to examine the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the productivity and growth characteristics of cluster bean; to identify the advantages and disadvantages of these fertilizers in relation to productivity, soil fertility, and environment and further to review the effects of mixed organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and soil fertility. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications and five treatments which comprised of 100 percent organic (FYM and chicken manure), 100 percent inorganic (NPK), 50 percent organic + 50 percent inorganic, 100 percent organic + jeevamruta and control. The results revealed that, treatment T3 outperformed the others, showing the highest values for plant height, number of branches per plant, days to first flowering, days to first vegetable harvest, pod length, pod width, yield per plant, yield per plot, and yield per hectare, while the control recorded the lowest values. Soil properties such as pH, EC, SOC and NPK levels improved when combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied together. Based on these results, it can be concluded that, the application of organic manures, along with chemical fertilizers, positively enhanced the vegetative growth, reproductive growth, yield, quality of cluster bean and soil parameters
Gully Category, Slope Position and Soil Depth Studies of ‘Acid Sand’: Their Effects Upon Soil Physical Properties in Akwa Ibom State, Southeastern Nigeria
No full textThe menace of gully erosion is quite alarming on soils of coastal plain sands of southeastern Nigeria. Consequent upon this, a study was conducted to determine effect of Gully Categories, gully slope position and soil depth affect soil properties on coastal plain sand, Akwa Ibom State, Southeastern Nigeria. The study was conducted in nine (9) gully erosion sites. The gullies were grouped into three broad categories based on their dynamics namely, Active gullies, Meta stable gullies and Stabilized/old gullies at three Gully slope positions of upper slope, middle slope and Lower Slope with a control site. Samples were collected with a spade at 0-20cm and 20-50cm depths. Data generated were fitted into a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial designed and were assessed with the used of analysis of variance. The result revealed that under gully category, there was no significant effect of gully category on content of Fs, Cs, Ts, Silt and Clay, but sand fraction dominated other soil particle fractions also, SOG > MsG >AcG soil in saturated hydraulic conductivity, and was affected by gully category. Result of bulk density affected by gully slope position obtained shows the lowest bulk density in CT soil (1.38 mgm-3), followed by LS soil (1.39 Mgm-3) and US (1.44 Mgm -3) soils, which were statistically equal. Effect of depth shows that 0.20cm depth, Fs, Cs, Ts, silt and clay had mean values of 256, 525, 780, 50 and 169 gkg-1, respectively, while 20-50cm depth, Fs Cs, Ts, Silt and Clay recorded mean values of 262, 523, 784, 52 and 164 gkg-1, respectively. Permanent wilting point was also significantly affected by the interaction of Gully Category, Gully Slope position and soil depth. The combination of SOG and subsoil showed high PWP at the CT, US and Ms, when compared to other combinations (ACG and MSG) with exceptions in ACG x US x Subsoil and MSG x US x Topsoil and MSG x US x topsoil and Subsoil, which were at the same level with the earlier mentioned combinations involving SOG
Impact of Irrigation Regime and Organic Amendments on Soil Physical Properties, Nutrient Availability, and Productivity in Calcareous Soil
No full textThe scarcity of irrigation water in Egypt requires addressing severe water scarcity, such as deficit irrigation and using organic amendments to improve water use efficiency in agriculture. A field experiment was conducted at El-Nubaria Agricultural Research Station in the summer of 2022 for maize and the winter of 2022/2023 for wheat to study the impact of organic amendments and irrigation regime on calcareous soil properties and productivity. The experiment involved a split-plot design with three replicates, irrigation regime was placed in main plots (50% (I50), 75% (I75), and 100% (I100) of ETc) and organic amendments in subplots included five treatments: 1) 9.6 ton ha-1 (B1), 2) 14.4 ton ha-1 (B2) of biochar, 3) potassium humate at the rate of 1.5% (KH1), 4) 3% (KH2) and 5) compost (12 ton ha-1). The obtained results indicated that compost, followed by B2 (14.4 ton ha-1), achieved the highest soil organic matter value. Applied I100 had the highest soil available NPK and micronutrients, followed by I75. Organic amendments significantly affected the soil availability of N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn. The maximum potassium content in grains was achieved using I100, followed by I75. The influence of organic amendments on field capacity and available water took the descending order: B1> KH1> compost. Water use efficiency was negatively impacted by increasing the amount of applied irrigation water. Applying I100 resulted in a significant increment in wheat and maize grain yields, followed by I75. The influence of organic amendments on wheat grain yield took the descending order: compost > potassium humate > biochar, while the effect on maize grain yield took the descending order: potassium humate > compost > biochar