Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Not a member yet
620 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of Kharif Paddy Straw Management Options on Nitrogen Requirement to Rabi Paddy
No full textA study conducted during the rabi season of 2020-21 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial, under the auspices of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, yielded insightful findings. The investigation revealed that incorporating paddy straw with a C:N ratio of 71:1 led to the immobilization of soil mineral nitrogen. Specifically, during 7, 15, and 30 days after treatment (DAT), approximately 7.2, 9.3, and 7.03 kg ha-1 of available nitrogen respectively was immobilized without phosphorus, whereas with phosphorus addition, the figures rose to 10.94, 14.75, and 11.04 kg ha-1 during the same time frames. Notably, after harvest of rabi rice significantly higher soil available nitrogen levels were recorded under paddy straw incorporation with phosphorus (169.7 kg ha-1), followed by incorporation without phosphorus (161.2 kg ha-1), and paddy straw burning (151.9 kg ha-1). Moreover, the application of nitrogen at graded levels impacted soil available nitrogen. Based on these findings, it was recommended, to counteract the immobilization effect and maximize crop yield, it was advised to apply 15% excess of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN), as basal application
Interactive Effect of Nitrogen, Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) on the Growth and yield Characteristics of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.)
No full textBrassica napus L., commonly known as Gobhi Sarson in India, is a vital oilseed crop contributing significantly to the agricultural economy. India stands as the fourth-largest producer of oilseeds, with mustard-rapeseed, including Brassica napus, constituting about 28.6% of the total oilseed production [1]. The experiment titled "Study on Foliar Application of Nitrogen, Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe) on the Growth and Yield Characteristics of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.)" was conducted at the research farm of Lovely Professional University, Punjab, during the Rabi season of 2023-24. A total of nine treatments with three replications were evaluated using a Randomized Block Design. The findings indicate that Treatment 9 (75%RDF + 1% Urea + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.5% ZnSO4) demonstrated the highest plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, primary and secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, seeds per siliquae, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, and oil content. Treatment 5 (50%RDF + 1% Urea + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.5% ZnSO4) also performed well across these parameters, albeit to a slightly lesser extent. (T9) recorded the highest seed yield (19.7 q ha-1), significantly outperforming all other treatments, with Treatment 5 being statistically comparable. Moreover, Treatment 9 exhibited the maximum oil content (41.2%), followed closely by Treatment 5 with oil content of 40.6%. Conversely, the control treatment (T1) yielded the lowest oil content. These results underscore the efficacy of foliar application of 75% RDF with 1% Urea, 0.5% FeSO4, and 0.5% ZnSO4 in enhancing the growth and yield characteristics of Gobhi Sarson, with Treatment 5 showing similar trends
Enhancing Crop Saline Stress Tolerance and Soil Remediation with Phytobeneficial Bacteria: Diverse Approaches for Improvement
No full textSoil salinity, a pervasive issue exacerbated by factors like irrigation and climate change, poses a significant threat to global food security. The accumulation of salts not only hampers crop growth and yield but also jeopardizes the livelihoods of millions who depend on agriculture for sustenance. Elevated salt levels in saline soils induce osmotic, ionic, oxidative, and water stress in plants. Implementing biological solutions offers the most dependable and sustainable method to safeguard food security while reducing reliance on agrochemicals which hampers various physiological and metabolic processes in plants. To ensure optimal plant growth under such changing conditions, Implementing biological solutions (Rhizobacteria) offers the most dependable and sustainable method to safeguard food security while reducing reliance on agrochemicals must be integrated into agricultural practices. This chapter concisely explores the mechanisms and utilization of beneficial microorganisms in both plants and soil to mitigate salt stress. It also addresses the current limitations and suggests potential areas for improvement in future research
Efficacy of Plant Growth Regulators on Quality and Yield of Cucumber cv. Malini under Shade Net Conditions
No full textAn investigation was conducted to study the effect of different plant growth regulators on quality and yield of cucumber cv. Malini under shade net conditions. The experiment was carried out with 10 treatments GA3 at 75 ppm, 150 ppm and 250 ppm, Ethrel at 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm, Salicylic acid at 75 ppm, 150 ppm and 250 ppm and control (water spray) in 3 replications. The quality parameters like total soluble solids, texture of the fruit, Physiological loss in weight (PLW%) after harvesting and total yield harvested (q/ha) etc. were significantly influenced by plant growth regulators. Among all treatments GA3 at 250 ppm recorded with maximum fruit yield (165.17 t/ ha), Whereas for quality parameters treatment GA3 at 150 ppm found superior for total soluble solids (5.88̊ Brix) and minimum physiological loss in weight after harvesting (1 DAH, 5 DAH and 10 DAH) was recorded in GA3 at 250 ppm. And the fruits with ethrel treatment were found with smooth texture and the remaining were with rough texture
Strategies to Enhance the Efficiency of Phosphate Fertilizers
No full textPhosphorus (P) is a crucial nutrient for crop growth, but its unavailability due to fixation in the soil significantly hampers crop productivity. A low efficiency of P utilization, ranging between 10-20%, results in accumulation of P in the soil, and continuous fertilization exacerbates this degree of P fixation. Given that rock phosphate, the primary source of inorganic P, is a finite resource, there is a looming risk of its depletion in the near future. Consequently, it is essential to enhance the P use efficiency of native soil resources to counteract the dwindling use of raw materials for P fertilizer production. To address this challenge, various innovations and technologies have been developed and are increasingly being adopted in agriculture worldwide. These innovations aim to reduce the conversion of soluble P from conventional phosphate fertilizers into unavailable forms in the soil. One such solution is the use of enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, which include a range of phosphate fertilizers designed to inhibit P fixation. These fertilizers come in different forms, such as chemically modified, controlled-release, blend, multifunctional, and synergistic phosphate fertilizers, each contributing to improved P availability and utilization by plants
Effects of Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar on Ammonium and Nitrate Adsorption and Leaching in a Japanese Tropical Soil Cropped with Japanese Mustard Spinach (Brassica rapa)
No full textThis study investigated the dynamics of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–-N) adsorption and leaching in a Japanese tropical soil amended with sugarcane bagasse biochars (SBBs) in the presence of plant. Adsorption and column leaching studies were conducted in a laboratory in Japan, and the column study was performed for 21 days. Biochar was produced from sugarcane bagasse at the maximum pyrolysis temperatures of 400°C (SBB400) and 800°C (SBB800) for use in the experiments. Adsorption isotherms for NH4+-N and NO3–-N were developed for soil only, SBB400-amended soil, and SBB800-amended soil. Column leaching study included 6 treatments: fertilizer only, fertilizer and plant, fertilizer and SBB400, fertilizer and SBB400 and plant, fertilizer and SBB800, fertilizer and SBB800 and plant. This study showed that soil and SBBs-amended soils fitted well into the Langmuir adsorption model for NH4+-N and NO3–-N (r2= 0.983–0.994 and 0.956–0.970, respectively). Application of SBBs to soil significantly decreased cumulative NH4+-N leached from the soil (P < 0.05) because of increased adsorption capacity due to high acid functional groups and increased soil water holding capacity (WHC) due to high specific surface areas and pore volumes, regardless of the presence of plant. However, the SBBs application did not affect the adsorption capacity for NO3–-N because of negatively charged surfaces. However, cumulative NO3–-N leached was significantly reduced (P< 0.05) due to increased soil WHC, regardless of the presence of plant. Therefore, more soil water contents retained and less NO3–-N leached from the soil may have contributed to greater plant growth with the SBBs application. This study showed that the SBBs application to soil could enhance adsorption capacity for NH4+-N but not for NO3–-N, nevertheless increase soil WHC and reduce leaching of both NH4+-N and NO3–-N, thus contributed to increased plant growth
Suitability of Potential Nitrification Rate Determined by Shaken Slurry Method to Capture the Contingent Effect of Liming of Two Tropical Soils
No full textPotential nitrification rate (PNR) provides maximum soil nitrification rate under optimal incubation conditions, but optimum conditions may vary for different nitrifier species. This study investigated whether the estimates from PNR and nitrifying potential (NP) assays reflect the effect of sudden changes in soil pH as with liming on nitrifying activity. Soil samples were collected from intensively cultivated and uncultivated lands representing soil orders Alfisol and Ultisol. A sub-sample of each cultivated soil was treated with CaCO3 (1.8 g/kg). Cultivated soil with and without liming and uncultivated soil from each soil types were incubated at 30 °C maintaining moisture content at 0.25 (v/v) for 2 weeks. PNR of soil was measured with shaken slurry method using P-buffer at pH 7 and modified P-buffer with adjusted pH to match soil pH, separately. NP of each soil was determined in a 21 days static soil incubation. Soil type and land use had significant effects (P<0.001) on PNR. Ultisol had significantly higher (P<0.05) PNR than Alfisol, and uncultivated soils had significantly higher (P<0.05) PNR than cultivated soils, irrespective of the P-buffer used. Liming yielded significant differences (P<0.05) in PNR only when pH adjusted P-buffer was used. Treatment effects on NP was significant only in Ultisol. Results suggest that PNRs may be biased towards certain groups of nitrifiers and PNR measured using modified P-buffer and percent increase in NO3- production due to external application of NH4+ are better indicators of potential nitrifying activity than traditional PNR measured using P-buffer at pH 7 and NP
Assessment of Soil Nutrient Dynamics in Sugarcane Cultivation Areas of Navsari District: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture
No full textSentinel 2 satellite data from the year 2021 were acquired from the Copernicus site to identify the sugarcane producing area in the Navsari district. Hybrid classification approach i.e., supervised and unsupervised with ground truth data were applied using ERDAS IMAGINE software. After image classification, 2.5 km x 2.5 km grid was prepared in Q-GIS software which along with classified sugarcane area were overlapped for site identification. Then, random soil surface and sub-surface samples were collected with reference from grid of intensive sugarcane growing area. The available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, DTPA-Fe, DTPA-Mn, DTPA-Zn and DTPA-Cu of surface soil ranged from 132.19 to 428.65 kg ha-1, 18.48 to 107.32 kg ha-1, 202.34 to 359.39 kg ha-1, 0.97 to 29.90 ppm, 1.10 to 29.63 ppm, 0.20 to 6.89 ppm and 1.02 to 11.69 ppm while sub-surface soil varied from 101.91 to 388.62 kg ha-1, 10.16 to 99.57 kg ha-1, 138.66 to 323.35 kg ha-1, 0.35 to 24.97 ppm, 0.20 to 29.08 ppm, 0.05 to 3.64 ppm and 0.21 to 8.07 ppm respectively. The soils of sugarcane growing area of Navsari district showed low OC, available N and S while other nutrients were normal in range for sugarcane cultivation
Effect of Different Nutrient Management Practices on Kharif Rice Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Soil Properties in Telangana
No full textThe field experiment was conducted during kharif-2019, 2020 and 2021in RARS Warangal, located at 180 01.077 N latitude 790 36.197 E longitude and an altitude of 259 m above mean sea level to study the effect of different nutrient management practices on rice yield, nutrient uptake and soil properties in Telangana. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design with 5 treatments (T1 = Organic Farming, T2 = Chemical farming, T3 = Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), T4 = Control and T5 = Natural farming) replicated in four times. Rice (WGL-32100) was sown during third week of July, transplanted in third week of August and harvested at 135 days after sowing. The results indicated that, significantly higher grain yield (5357 kg ha-1) was recorded in INM over control (3632 kg ha-1), natural farming (3986 kg ha-1) and organic farming (4843 kg ha-1) but at par with chemical farming (5164 kg ha-1). Significantly higher straw yield (6428 kg ha-1) was recorded in INM over control (4326 kg ha-1), natural farming (5100 kg ha-1), organic farming (5668 kg ha-1) and chemical farming (5856 kg ha-1). Significantly higher nitrogen uptake (87.42 kg ha-1) was recorded in INM over control (56.58 kg ha-1), natural farming (67.58 kg ha-1) and organic farming (75.39 kg ha-1) but at par with chemical farming (81.46 kg ha-1). Significantly higher phosphorus uptake (27.34 kg ha-1) was recorded in INM over control (17.80 kg ha-1) and natural farming (19.76 kg ha-1) but at par with organic farming (25.52 kg ha-1) and chemical farming (25.86 kg ha-1). Significantly higher potassium uptake (96.66 kg ha-1) was recorded in INM over control (56.31 kg ha-1), natural farming (68.20 kg ha-1) and organic farming (81.27 kg ha-1) but at par with chemical farming (89.29 kg ha-1). The maximum increase in the OC, available N, P2O5 and K2O were noted in INM (6.9 g kg-1, 186, 45 and 296 kg ha-1, respectively). The lowest value of OC, available N, P2O5 and K2O were noted in control (4.1 g kg-1, 58, 18 and 201 kg ha-1, respectively)
Phosphate Sorption Characteristics in Some Soils of Ganges Tidal Floodplains
No full textA laboratory experiment was carried out with four representative soil series named Bajoa, Dumuria, Jhalakati, and Ghior which are collected from the Ganges tidal floodplain in Bangladesh where the main cropping pattern is rice-vegetables to determine the phosphorus adsorption. The selected physical and chemical properties of the soils were estimated in triplicate using standard methods. The highest phosphate sorption was found in Jhalakati soil using the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, in Bajoa soil using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and in Dumuria soil using the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The experiment revealed that the Langmuir equation provided the best fit for phosphorus adsorption data across the soils compared to the Freundlich and Temkin models. The good fit of the Langmuir model suggests that the phosphorus sorption affinity of the soils remained constant as surface saturation increased