Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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Varying Trends and Characteristics in Soil Properties in Transition Ecosystems a Case Study of the Tonle Sap Riverbank to Paddy Fields
No full textAims: To assess whether rural settlement areas (RSA) function as transitional zones between the temporarily flooded forests and paddy fields.
Study Design: Chhnuktrou commune, Kampong Chhnang province, Cambodia was selected.
Place and Duration of Study:101 samples were collected form the study area. Soil samples were selected with 4 types of land use (Riverbank, flooded forest, Rural settlement areas, and paddy fields). Soil samples were collected in all plots in the dry season at the same depth level (0-10cm).
Methodology: All the samples analyzed the soil physicochemical such as Bulk density, soil particle size, pH and Electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter and C stocks. The experiment was carried out in the soil laboratory at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia.
Results: The results revealed a fertility gradient from the riverbank to the paddy fields, with higher clay contend and carbon concentrations observed in riverbank and flooded forest. Interestingly, RSA exhibited distinct soil properties with localized enrichment in clay and carbon, most likely driven by anthropogenic factors such as waste accumulation and sediment redistribution.
Conclusion: These findings emphasize the unique pedological characteristics of RSA and underscore the importance of considering them in land-specific soil management strategies within floodplain landscapes.
 
Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes through Soil Disinfestations Method: A Review
No full textPlant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) feed on plant tissues and cause yield losses in agricultural crops. Effective nematode management involves using a range of techniques, such as use of resistant crop varieties, cultural practices, use of biocontrol agent, and use of synthetic chemicals. Although chemical nematicides are general recommended practices, yet their costs, insufficient availability, and environmental considerations make them the last options in practical nematode management. Soil disinfestation treatments, primarily utilizing various forms of heat, are used by agricultural producers to reduce soilborne inoculum of crop pests. Soil disinfestation by soil solarization is a technique based on the increase of soil temperature using the sun’s radiation and the application of plastic films.This review illustrates the method and principles behind soil disinfestation for reduction of plant-parasitic nematodes
Optimizing Growth and Soil Fertility through Integrated Nutrient Management in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Sheetal
No full textIntegrated nutrient management (INM) aims to synchronize nutrient supply with crop demand through combined use of organic, inorganic, and biological sources. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of INM on growth, yield, quality, and soil health of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Sheetal. Treatments included control, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), FYM + 50% RDF, FYM + biofertilizer + 50% RDF, and FYM + biofertilizer + 75% RDF. The combined application of farmyard manure (FYM), biofertilizers, and 75% RDF significantly improved vine length (225 cm), number of leaves per vine (35), leaf area index (3.8), and root biomass (26 g). The same treatment recorded superior fruit yield (6.00 kg/vine) and quality attributes, including higher total soluble solids (4.8 °Brix) and ascorbic acid content (8.8 mg/100g). Soil organic carbon, available nutrients (N, P, K), and microbial biomass C also increased notably under integrated nutrient regimes. The study established that partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with FYM and biofertilizers not only enhanced yield and fruit quality but also sustained soil fertility
Impact of Combined Application Irrigation and Mulching on Soil and Leaf Nutrient Dynamics, Mango Yield and Quality
No full textSoil moisture and nutrients are crucial for agricultural productivity, especially in arid and semiarid regions where they limit crop growth. To address the present problem a two-year field experiment (2017–19) evaluated the combined effects of drip irrigation (75% and 100% ETc) and mulching (with/without 100-µm silver polyethylene) on mango cv. Banganpalli in red sandy loam soil of Southern Telangana (16°30\u27N, 78°19\u27E; 550 m MSL). A 2×2 factorial randomized block design with five replications was employed. The 100% ETc + mulching treatment recorded the highest soil moisture (13.4–16.6% across BBCH-510 to BBCH-709), available soil N (222–315 kg ha⁻¹), leaf NPK (N: 0.82–1.11%, P: 0.19–0.22%, K: 0.74–0.91%), and fruit yield (89.11 kg tree⁻¹)—35.83% higher than 75% ETc without mulching. It also maximized internal O₂, minimized CO₂, delayed chlorophyll degradation (DA-index: 0.96–0.55 over 9 days storage), and extended shelf life to 13.73 days. Fertilizer use efficiency peaked at 89.11 kg kg⁻¹ under this treatment due to reduced nutrient leaching and enhanced uptake. Notably, 75% ETc + mulching yielded comparably to 100% ETc without mulching (75.78 vs. 75.18 kg tree⁻¹) while achieving 25% water savings and the highest water use efficiency (WUE). Results from present study suggested that the drip irrigation and mulching optimize resource efficiency and fruit quality under water-limited semi-arid conditions. The 75% ETc + mulching regime is recommended as a sustainable, high-yielding strategy for mango orchards
Date Palm Nutrition Using Trunk Injection: A Comprehensive Review
No full textDate palm is an important agricultural crop in arid environments, vital for food and economic security. Conventional fertilization approaches are usually ineffective and wasteful due to nutrient leaching and soil salinity. Trunk injection is a new fertilization method based on injecting nutrients into the vascular system of date palms, which improves nutrient uptake and reduces environmental pollution. The review highlights the historical progression, approaches, and technological innovations of trunk injection while demonstrating its merits to traditional methods by providing target nutrient delivery and reduced fertilizer input. Selected research shows the effectiveness of different nutrients, such as iron, potassium, and nano-fertilizers, in increasing vegetative growth and fruit yield. It also covers challenges related to infection risk and labor requirements. Trunk injection of date palms offers great promise for sustainable crop production systems, and the prospects for its integration with precision agriculture technologies are considered, along with the need for research to optimize this technology
The Role of Sugarcane Trash in Soil Fertility and Plant Growth: A Review
No full textSugarcane needs a hot and humid climate and can be grown on a variety of soils that can retain moisture. Owing to its long life cycle it heavily depletes soil nutrients during its growth period. Sugarcane, being a heavy feeder requires nearly 208 kg N, 53 kg P2O5, and 280 kg K2O from the soil to produce 100 t ha-1 sugarcane. Sugarcane, being a C4 plant, produces a large quantity of biomass. Approximately 10-15 t of trash, constituting 10-12% weight of cane harvested, is produced by the sugarcane crop. Generally, cane trash contains 68% organic matter, 0.42% N, 0.15% P, 0.57% K, 0.48% Ca, and 0.12% Mg, besides 25.7, 20.45, 236.4, and 16.8 ppm Zn, Fe, Mn and Ca, respectively. Trash conserves soil moisture, C, and N in the soil and provides energy to increase the yield. The trash application conserves the nutrients in the soil, also aids their availability to the plant, and reduces the fertilizer requirements through recycling nutrients in the soil from residue. Organic mulches also create a better physical, chemical, and biological environment of soils and in turn, improve crop productivity. Burning of trash deteriorate the fertility as well as soil health. It also reduces the soil microbial activity and destabilize of soil aggregates. Significant N losses from residues can occur during burning by high temperature volatilization. In the burnt system, >70% of the organic matter and nutrients in the trash are lost to the atmosphere
Synergistic Effects of Organic Manures and Biofertilizers on the Growth Performance of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.var.Botrytis) cv. PusaSnowball-1
No full textThe experiment was carried out during Rabi 2023-24 at the Experimental, Organic Research farm Kargunwaji, Jhansi, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh). The present experiment was carried out using Randomized block design with three replications to study the effect of organic manures,i.e. (farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost and poultry manure) and biofertilizers individually or in combination on the growth performance of cauliflower. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: The plant height was found to move significantly due to various treatments at every observation stage of plants. Among treatments, T6 (50% Biofertilizer+50% Vermicompost) treatment resulted in significantly higher plant height at every stage as compared to the remaining treatments. Application of 50% Biofertilizer+50% FYM treatment (T5) was found the second-best treatment. Accordingly, at 60 days stage the maximum height upto 33.56 cm was recorded in the case of T1 (100%FYM) treatment, followed by 32.31cm in the case of T1 (100%FYM) treatment. Economically, the results confirmed the fact that organic and bio-fertilizer treatments were effective but less profitable compared to traditional fertilizers, where treatment T0 (N100P60K80) recorded the highest B: Cratio (2.53) and followed by T6 (50%Biofertilizer+50% Vermicompost) treatment with1.78B:Cratio
Effect of Heat Treatment Parameters on Shelf Life, Nutritional Value and Antinutritional Factors of Barnyard Millet
No full textBarnyard millet has been used as food since ages and it is the vital source of highly nutritious macronutrients, micronutrients and nutraceutical constituents. It is important to reinstate the missing interest in millets that desperately need recognition due to its nutritional qualities and substantial health benefits in management of diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperlipidemia. A number of nations have long grown and utilized barnyard millet as a viable food source. It has been a neglected crop up until now despite the important nutrients and their improved bioaccessibility with different processing procedures. In this study, we employed roasting to extend shelf life, increase in nutrient content, and decrease antinutritional components. To extend the shelf life and increase the bioavailability of vital nutrients, barnyard millet has been roasted at a range of temperatures (between 100°C and 130°C) for a range of times (5, 10, and 15 minutes). Total polyphenols showed bioaccessibility of 8.2%, 9.1% and 9.4% for raw, 105°C for15 minutes and 130°C for 15 minutes roasted at 0 month. Preferably, 130°C for 15 minutes roasted sample showed enhanced shelf life (6 months) and better bioaccessibility of total polyphenols (670 mg/100 g) while nutrient retention is almost similar in all roasted samples
Agroforestry Systems for Enhancing Biodiversity and Soil Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes
No full textAgroforestry is an integrative land-use system that enhances biodiversity, improves soil conservation, and mitigates climate change while sustaining agricultural productivity. By strategically combining trees, crops, and livestock, agroforestry systems provide critical ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, soil stabilization, and water retention. Research indicates that agroforestry can increase soil organic carbon by 20–40%, reduce erosion by up to 80%, and enhance species richness by 50% compared to conventional agriculture. These systems also support pollinators, beneficial insects, and endangered species by creating ecological corridors and microhabitats. Despite its proven benefits, widespread adoption faces several challenges, including high initial investment costs, resource competition, land tenure insecurity, and a lack of policy incentives. Socioeconomic constraints such as limited access to credit and extension services further hinder implementation, particularly among smallholder farmers. Technical limitations include complex management requirements, potential pest interactions, and variability in system performance across different agroecological zones. To overcome these barriers, targeted policy interventions, financial incentives such as payments for ecosystem services, and farmer education programs are needed. Recent innovations in precision agroforestry, digital technologies, and climate-smart approaches offer promising avenues for optimizing agroforestry systems while increasing resilience to climate change. Scaling up adoption requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating scientific research, policy support, and community-driven initiatives to enhance global food systems while preserving natural ecosystems
Effect of High Density Planting and Nutrient Stick on Growth of Banana
No full textAn investigation entitled “High density planting and use of nutrient stick for enhanced productivity in Tissue Culture (TC) banana (Musa AAB) cv. Nendran” was carried out at Instructional farm II, Nileshwar, College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kasaragod, Kerala during 2023 to 2024.The objective of experiment was to analyse the productivity of TC Nendran banana supplemented with nutrient stick under high density planting.
The field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The experiment had two main factors (i) planting density D1: One sucker per hill (2m x 2m), D2: Two suckers per hill (2m x 3m), D3: Three suckers per hill (2m x 3m) and (ii) fertilizer schedule, F1: KAU POP, F2: KAU POP + 10 nutrient sticks per hill each at 2 months after planting (MAP) and 4 MAP, F3: KAU POP + 10 nutrient sticks per hill each at 2 MAP, 4 MAP and 6 MAP.
Results of the field experiment showed significant changes in the growth attributes. Pseudo stem height was highest for D1 in initial stages but at harvest D3 produced maximum height while in case of pseudo stem girth, D1 had the highest value till harvest. Number of functional leaves, total number of leaves was the highest in D1. The present investigation revealed that high density planting of Tissue Culture banana one and two sucker per hill had better growth attributes.