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International NGOs’ Educational Budgets on Human Development Index in Conflicting Low-and-Lower-Middle-Income Countries
Get PDFThis study critically examines the impact of International Non-Government Organizations’ (INGOs) educational funding on human development outcomes in conflict-affected and developing regions, focusing on Syria, Bangladesh, DRC, Sudan, and Ukraine. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research analyses the relationship between INGO budget allocations for education and the Human Development Index (HDI), utilizing panel data regression models and qualitative thematic analysis. Quantitative findings indicate a positive association between INGO educational expenditures and HDI; however, econometric issues such as autocorrelation, heteroskedasticity, and cross-sectional dependence limit the robustness of results. Qualitative insights reveal that most INGOs operate with limited budgets, prioritize needs assessments, and consider macroeconomic factors like GDP and HDI in planning. Despite resource constraints, a majority intend to increase educational investments, often through partnerships with local governments. The study underscores the importance of context-sensitive strategies and comprehensive analysis for effective development interventions. While findings support the hypothesis that increased INGO funding correlates with improved human development, methodological limitations necessitate cautious interpretation. The research contributes to understanding operational dynamics, strategic planning, and the nuanced role of INGOs in fostering sustainable development in fragile contexts, offering valuable insights for policy and future research directions
Examining Factors Influencing Governance Effectiveness in Non-Profit Organizations in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFThis study investigates the determinants of governance effectiveness in non-profit organizations in Saudi Arabia, with a focus on board competency, transparency, stakeholder engagement, compliance, and leadership quality. Adopting a quantitative research design, data were collected from 266 employees working in Saudi non-profits. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. Structural model results revealed that all five predictors had a significant positive effect on governance effectiveness, with stakeholder engagement (β = 0.565) and leadership quality (β = 0.565) emerging as the most influential factors. The model explained 60.4% of the variance in governance effectiveness, indicating substantial explanatory power. The findings highlight that governance effectiveness is multi-dimensional, requiring the integration of stakeholder participation, transparent practices, compliance with regulations, competent boards, and ethical leadership. In the Saudi context, these results align closely with the objectives of Vision 2030, which emphasizes accountability, transparency, and capacity-building in the non-profit sector. It also offers practical recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to strengthen governance through leadership development, stakeholder inclusion, transparency mechanisms, compliance frameworks, and board training
Strengthening ASEAN-Guangxi Trade Relations: Enhancing Regional Integration and Industrial Collaboration
Get PDFA complex array of global disruptions—including the COVID-19 pandemic, the US-China trade war, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, retaliatory tariffs, economic stagflation, supply chain breakdowns, and the rise of artificial intelligence technologies—has significantly challenged the foundational structure of regional economic development. This study investigates the key barriers hindering ASEAN–Guangxi trade from achieving sustainable and accelerated economic growth. Trade data from 2019 to 2024 were analyzed, and empirical data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 200 business practitioners and policymakers across ASEAN member states and Guangxi. The data were processed and validated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicate that enhanced regional integration and the presence of positive spillover effects are pivotal in promoting sustainable trade relations between ASEAN and Guangxi. These findings offer actionable insights for companies operating in the region and serve as a valuable reference for policymakers and future researchers seeking to strengthen regional economic cooperation. This study contributes to the literature by identifying integration and spillovers as critical drivers of resilient regional trade amid contemporary global uncertainties
Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Behavior of Saudi Dates
Get PDFThis study examines the factors influencing consumer behavior toward Saudi dates, focusing on the roles of hedonic values, utilitarian values, purchase intention, and actual purchase behavior. A cross-sectional study design was employed, with data collected through an online survey from 271 consumers who include dates as part of their dietary plan. The questionnaire, translated into Arabic, was pilot-tested with 35 participants to ensure the validity and reliability of the measurement scales. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling to explore the relationships between the constructs. The findings reveal that both hedonic values and utilitarian values significantly influence purchase intention, which in turn strongly predicts actual purchase behavior. The study demonstrates that consumers who derive pleasure and practical benefits from Saudi dates are more likely to intend to purchase them, and these intentions strongly translate into actual purchasing behavior. Additionally, the mediating role of purchase intention highlights its importance in linking hedonic and utilitarian values to actual behavior. By addressing both emotional and practical aspects of consumer behavior, businesses can create compelling marketing strategies that enhance purchase intentions and drive actual sales
Factors Affecting the Tourist Intention to use Artificial Intelligence in United States
Get PDFThis study investigates the determinants of individuals\u27 intention to use artificial intelligence (AI) for tourism in the United States. This study adopts a cross-sectional design, employing a convenience sampling technique. Data collection was conducted via an online survey, targeting 239 participants who have recent travel experience. Constructs including interactivity, facilitating conditions, informational support, performance expectancy, and intention to use AI for tourism were assessed using established measurement items adapted from prior literature. The analysis employed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships between these constructs. The results reveal that interactivity, facilitating conditions, informational support, and performance expectancy significantly influence individuals\u27 intention to use AI for tourism. The findings offer practical implications for the tourism industry, suggesting strategies to enhance AI adoption among travelers. Additionally, this study contributes to the theoretical understanding of technology adoption in the tourism context. Future research could explore additional factors and employ longitudinal designs to further elucidate the dynamics of AI adoption in tourism. Overall, this study advances our knowledge of the factors shaping individuals\u27 intention to use AI for tourism and lays the groundwork for continued research in this rapidly evolving field
The Role of Founders\u27 Entrepreneurial Mindset in Shaping the Journey of Digital Startups
Get PDFThis study investigates the critical role of entrepreneurship in driving the growth and success of digital startups, highlighting its significance in fostering innovation, technological advancement, and economic transformation. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten digital startup founders to explore the opportunities, challenges, and strategies shaping their ventures. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship enables startups to leverage technological advancements, access global markets, and optimize operational costs through digital tools, scalable platforms, and partnerships with accelerators and venture capitalists. Despite these opportunities, digital startups face significant challenges, including limited funding access, intense competition, and regulatory compliance issues. The research identifies effective strategies such as adopting agile methodologies, building robust networks, fostering innovation, and emphasizing leadership, team-building, and customer-centric approaches as critical to sustaining growth and achieving long-term success. By addressing gaps in existing literature that often focus on technological and operational factors, this study underscores the strategic importance of entrepreneurship in navigating the complexities of the digital business landscape. The implications extend beyond academic discourse, providing actionable insights for entrepreneurs to refine their approaches, policymakers to create enabling regulatory environments, and ecosystem stakeholders to support innovation. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of entrepreneurship’s transformative potential and its role in empowering digital startups to thrive in a dynamic and competitive global economy
Factors Influencing Intention to use Augmented Reality for Shopping in United States
Get PDFAugmented reality (AR) technology has gained significant attention in the retail sector for its potential to enhance the shopping experience. This cross-sectional quantitative study investigates the factors influencing consumers\u27 intention to adopt AR for shopping, with a focus on the mediating role of self-efficacy. Data were collected via an online survey from 312 individuals residing in the United States who have engaged in online shopping within the past six months. Convenience sampling was employed, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study found that perceived relative advantage, augmented quality, and innovativeness positively influence consumers\u27 intention to use AR for shopping. Furthermore, self-efficacy emerged as a significant mediator in this relationship, highlighting the importance of consumers\u27 confidence in their ability to utilize AR technology. These findings offer valuable insights for businesses seeking to leverage AR technologies to enhance the retail experience and drive consumer engagement. By strategically addressing these factors, retailers can unlock the transformative potential of AR and position themselves at the forefront of AR-driven retail innovation
Surrogate Entrepreneurship and Artificial Intelligence Driven Accounting: Shaping a Sustainable Future through Digital Start-ups
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of innovative technology, artificial intelligence (AI) driven accounting, and surrogate entrepreneurship on fostering a sustainable future, with a focus on digital start-ups. Surrogate entrepreneurship refers to managing ventures on behalf of other entities rather than for personal ownership. Digital start-ups can harness advanced technologies like blockchain and AI to improve transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in accounting practices. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale from 354 respondents, including entrepreneurs, accountants, business managers, and auditors in Southern Rajasthan. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to analyze complex relationships between latent and observable variables. The results indicate that innovative technology, AI-driven accounting, and surrogate entrepreneurship significantly influence sustainable futures, accounting for 64.4% of the variance in digital start-ups\u27 contributions to sustainability. These findings provide valuable managerial insights into sustainable finance strategies and underscore the critical moderating roles of digital start-ups and surrogate entrepreneurship in driving sustainable development
Impact of National Innovation System on Digital Payment Systems in Mauritius
Get PDFThe study examines how the National Innovation System (NIS) impacted the development and adoption of digital payment technologies in the country. This system played a vital role in promoting financial inclusion, enhancing operational efficiency, and supporting economic growth. The research evaluated the current landscape of digital payments in Mauritius, focusing on factors like infrastructure, adoption trends, and regulatory frameworks. A mixed-methods approach was used, blending quantitative data collection with qualitative policy analysis. Quantitative data was gathered through questionnaires, while qualitative insights were obtained from analyzing relevant policy documents. This dual approach allowed for a comprehensive assessment of key elements that influenced digital payment systems. The analysis explored various factors, including government regulations by investigating how the legal and regulatory environment shaped digital payment adoption; capacity for innovation by assessing the ability of the country\u27s innovation ecosystem to support the growth of digital payment solutions; technological infrastructure by examining the availability of the technological resources necessary for digital transactions; socio-economic influences by analyzing how societal and economic conditions, such as income levels and access to technology, affected adoption rates; and competitive landscape by considering how competition among digital payment providers impacted innovation and service delivery. The study identified both opportunities and challenges within Mauritius\u27 NIS, offering suggestions for improvements to foster greater digital payment adoption. The findings underscored the importance of nurturing a robust innovation ecosystem to drive digital transformation and economic development in emerging economies like Mauritius, highlighting how innovation could support wider access to financial services and contribute to national growth
The Role of Employability Skills and University Support towards Employability: A Mediation of Self-efficacy
Get PDFThe study aims to delve into the factors influencing self-perceived employability among university students in Vietnam, while also scrutinizing potential gender disparities in these determinants. Employing a cross-sectional design, the research employs structural equation modeling to analyze data gathered from 306 students across various academic disciplines. The study evaluates constructs including perception of employability skills, perception of university support, self-efficacy, and self-perception of employability. Furthermore, a multigroup analysis is conducted to discern any variations in the relationships between these constructs across genders. Results from the structural equation modeling unveil noteworthy gender differences in these relationships. Specifically, while the perception of employability skills significantly impacts the self-perception of employability among males, self-efficacy emerges as a more influential predictor among females. Additionally, the multigroup analysis suggests that the influence of perception of university support on self-perception of employability remains consistent across genders. Nonetheless, a slight gender discrepancy is observed in the relationship between perception of employability skills and self-efficacy, prompting further exploration. These findings illuminate the intricate interplay of employability-related factors and gender in shaping students\u27 perceptions of their employability. The study advocates for tailored interventions that account for these genderspecific influences to enhance employability outcomes among university student