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Discrete Morse theory and classifying spaces
No full textThe aim of this paper is to develop a refinement of Forman's discrete Morse theory. To an acyclic partial matching mu on a finite regular CW complex X, Forman introduced a discrete analogue of gradient flows. Although Forman's gradient flow has been proved to be useful in practical computations of homology groups, it is not sufficient to recover the homotopy type of X. Forman also proved the existence of a CW complex which is homotopy equivalent to X and whose cells are in one-to-one correspondence with the critical cells of mu but the construction is ad hoc and does not have a combinatorial description. By relaxing the definition of Forman's gradient flows, we introduce the notion of flow paths, which contains enough information to reconstruct the homotopy type of X, while retaining a combinatorial description. The critical difference from Forman's gradient flows is the existence of a partial order on the set of flow paths, from which a 2-category C(mu) is constructed. It is shown that the classifying space of C(mu) is homotopy equivalent to X by using homotopy theory of 2-categories. This result can be also regarded as a discrete analogue of the unpublished work of Cohen, Jones, and Segal on Morse theory in early 90's. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.ArticleADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS.340:723-790(2018)journal articl
Possible ability of bovine follicular fluid to attract migrating bull spermatozoa
No full textAimTo examine the potential of bovine follicular fluid (BFF) to attract bull spermatozoa. MethodsThe ability of the BFF to attract bull sperm was evaluated by observing changes in sperm migration after being placed in a cross-column chamber. The movement parameters of the heads and flagella of the sperm that were attracted to the BFF were analyzed by using the Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis system. ResultsIt was observed that 61.6% of the bull sperm migrated toward the BFF when the BFF was used at a concentration of 0.1%, but 67.2% of the sperm did not migrate toward the BFF at a concentration of 10%. Relatively larger numbers of both precapacitated and postcapacitated bull sperm migrated toward the BFF (0.1%). The ability of the 0.1% BFF to attract sperm probably affected both the normal artificial insemination (AI) fertility sperm and the poor AI fertility spermatozoa. The flagellar curvilinear ratio of the sperm winding to the 0.1% BFF was significantly higher than that of the prewinding sperm. ConclusionThese results could suggest that BFF potentially attracts bull sperm at a certain concentration, irrespective of the capacitation status of the sperm. Although the mechanism by which this attraction occurs remains unclear, these data imply that it could be related to BFF-dependent changes in the sperm flagellar curvilinear ratio.ArticleREPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY.16(2):133-138(2017)journal articl
Usefulness of the forced oscillation technique in assessing the therapeutic result of tracheobronchial central airway obstruction
No full textBackground: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) comprise the traditional method for detecting central airway obstruction (CAO) and evaluating therapeutic effects, but are effort dependent. By contrast, the forced oscillation technique (FOT) is performed during tidal breathing in an effort-independent mode and is universally used to assess respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. We used the FOT to measure airway resistance and reactance in patients with CAO before and after interventional bronchoscopy and compared the results to data obtained using PFTs. Methods: Twelve patients with CAO were recruited from December 2013 to July 2016. The FOT, PFTs, chest computed tomography (CT), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale were employed before and after interventional bronchoscopy. The minimum airway cross-sectional area (MACSA) was calculated using a CT image calculator. Results: Of the 12 patients, 6 had tracheal obstruction and 6 had bronchial obstruction. All FOT measurements, except Delta XS, were significantly improved after interventional bronchoscopy in all cases. The significance of the improvement was greater with the FOT than PFTs. The MACSA, CAT, and mMRC dyspnea scale scores also significantly improved in all cases. Furthermore, only alteration of resistance at 20 Hz (R20) significantly correlated with the alteration of the MACSA after intervention. No significant correlations were found for PFTs. Conclusions: The FOT is suitable and convenient for assessing therapeutic results in patients with tracheobronchial CAO. The alteration of R20 is useful for estimating the airway dilation of CAO after interventional bronchoscopy. (C)2018 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.ArticleRESPIRATORY INVESTIGATION.56(3):222-229(2018)journal articl
Self-assessment of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma (SACRA) Questionnaire-based Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Improves Asthma Control in Asthmatic Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
No full textObjective This study was conducted to investigate whether the add-on treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) based on the Self-assessment of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma (SACRA) questionnaire for assessing AR control improves both AR and asthma control in asthmatic patients with AR. Methods This multi-center prospective study was performed in Nagano prefecture, Japan. Two hundred five asthmatic patients and 23 respiratory physicians participated in the study. We administered add-on AR treatments based on the results of the SACRA questionnaire. After the first SACRA questionnaire, 67 asthmatic patients agreed to receive an add-on AR treatment. Three months after the AR treatment, a secondary SACRA questionnaire, asthma control test (ACT), and pulmonary function tests were performed. Results After the add-on AR treatment, the visual analogue scales (VASs) for AR and asthma, as assessed by the SACRA questionnaire and ACT score, were significantly improved in the patients of the AR+ group. With regard to the pulmonary function tests, the percent predicted vital capacity, and percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second were also significantly improved. Regardless of whether the patients had previously undergone leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) treatment, the VASs for AR and asthma and the ACT score were significantly improved in the AR+ group. However, the vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) were only significantly improved in the AR+ group that had previously undergone LTRA treatment. Conclusion SACRA questionnaire-based add-on AR treatment would be convenient for the detection of AR by respiratory physicians and would offer improved asthma control. This questionnaire can also be used to assess the therapeutic effects.ArticleINTERNAL MEDICINE.56(1):31-39(2017)journal articl
Salivary cytokine panel indicative of non-small cell lung cancer
No full textObjective To develop a combinatorial panel of salivary cytokines that manifests the presence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that will eventually improve prognosis by facilitating the early diagnosis and management of this common cancer. Methods We performed a case-control study comparing salivary cytokine profiles of 35 adult subjects with NSCLC with those of 35 matched, healthy nonsmokers. Multiplex bead array assays were used to quantify 27 cytokines in saliva, serum, and oral mucosal transudate samples. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop an informative cytokine panel. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the discriminant ability of the panel. Results A combinatorial 12-cytokine panel (interleukin receptor antagonist [IL1RN], IL1B, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10, C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 [CCL11], tumor necrosis factor, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10], C-C motif chemokine ligand 3, C-C motif chemokine ligand 4, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB) distinguished patients with NSCLC from healthy controls. Further, ROC analysis revealed that a cytokine panel comprising IL10 (odds ratio, 1.156) and CXCL10 (odds ratio, 1.000) discriminated NSCLC with a sensitivity of 60.6% and specificity of 80.8% (area under the ROC curve, 0.701). Conclusion A combinatorial panel of select salivary cytokines indicates the presence of NSCLC.ArticleJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH.46(9):3570-3582(2018)journal articl
多様な困難を抱える大学生を対象としたWellness Recovery Action Planの試み：6か月後調査
No full textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape
（資料）本多静六口述『軽井沢遊園地設計方針』（明治四十四年十月三十日油屋旅館に於て）の現代語訳
No full textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape
Fabrication of high thermal conductivity copper/diamond composites by electrodeposition under potentiostatic conditions
No full textHigh thermal conductivity Cu/diamond composites were fabricated using an electrodeposition technique. The electrodes were oriented horizontally, and the cathode was located at the bottom of the plating bath. Diamond particles (10-230 mu m) were first precipitated on the cathode substrate, and then copper was electrodeposited on the substrate to fill the gap between the precipitated diamond particles, which resulted in the formation of a Cu/diamond composite. The deposition behavior of the copper was electrochemically investigated, and the current densities of copper deposition under galvanostatic conditions were estimated. The current densities for the substrate with diamond particle layers were 4-10 times higher than the current density for the substrate without diamond particle layers, which led to undesired hydrogen evolution. Cu/diamond composites were formed under potentiostatic conditions without hydrogen evolution, and the resultant composites had compact morphologies. A specimen containing 49 vol% diamond particles with a mean diameter of 230 mu m had the highest thermal conductivity of 600 W m(-1) K-1, which is 1.5 times that of pure copper (ca. 400 W m(-1) K-1). Graphic High thermal conductivity Cu/diamond composites were fabricated by electrodeposition under a potentiostatic condition without the evolution of hydrogen gas.ArticleJOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY. 50(5):631-638 (2020)journal articl
精神科看護師のコンピテンシーと職場ストレッサーとの関係
No full text【目的】精神科看護師のコンピテンシーと精神科看護師の職場ストレッサーの関連を明らかにする。【方法】A県内の精神科病棟看護師318名に精神科看護師のコンピテンシーおよび職場ストレッサーについて自記式質問紙調査を実施した。分析は、146名分の回答の記述統計、属性ごとの得点、精神科看護師のコンピテンシーを問う項目の得点を基に3群に分けた職場ストレッサー尺度得点の群間比較である。【結果】精神科看護師のコンピテンシーは、その構成因子である「多職種との協働による総合的なサービス提供」の得点が高く、「エビデンスに基づく治療と危機への介入」は低かった。また、「ライフヒストリー」、「情緒的反応への対応」、「情報提供と支援」の高得点群は、中・低得点群より職場ストレッサー得点が低かった。【考察】精神科看護師は、コンピテンシーの得点が低かった「ライフヒストリー」、「情緒的反応への対応」、「情報提供と支援」に関連する知識・スキルの学習、それに伴う動因や自己イメージの変容に取り組むことがコンピテンシーの発揮と職場ストレッサーの低減に重要である。［Objective］To clarify the relationships between nursesʼ competencies and workplace stressors on psychiatric wards. ［Methods］A questionnaire survey was conducted involving 318 nurses working on psychiatric wards in a single prefecture to examine scores from self-administered questionnaire survey of psychiatric nursing competency and workplace stressor scales. Responses from 146 nurses were analyzed by calculating descriptive statistics, comparing scores based on attributes, and comparing workplace stressor scale scores among 3 groups based on the total psychiatric nursing competency scale. ［Results］On comparing factors representing psychiatric nursesʼ competencies, 〈comprehensive services for profession〉 achieved a signifi cantly higher score, whereas the score for 〈evidence-based treatment and crisis intervention〉 was markedly lower. Furthermore, nurses with high scores for 〈life histories〉, 〈emotional response management〉, and 〈information provision and support〉 showed lower workplace stressor scale scores than those with low/intermediate scores for these factors. ［Conclusions］It may be eff ective for psychiatric nurses to acquire knowledge/skills related to 〈life histories〉, 〈emotional response management〉, and 〈information provision and support〉 representing psychiatric nursesʼ competencies, and address their motives and self-images for such acquisition, in order to develop higher-level competencies with reduced workplace stressors.departmental bulletin pape
