Smart Cities and Regional Development (SCRD) Open Access Publishing
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Rolul IoT in dezvoltarea administratiei publice. Administratia 2.0
Get PDFDe-a lungul timpului administratia publica a trecut prin diverse transformari in vederea optimizarii sale pentru a putea oferi servicii publice de inalta calitate tuturor cetatenilor. Data fiind situatia actuala, in care activitatea institutiilor publice se indreapta catre digitalizare pentru a transfera serviciile publice in mediul online. Astfel, la baza administratiei 2.0 sta abordarea si implementarea IoT (Internet of things/Internetul obiectelor) in cadrul institutiilor publice pentru a dezvolta servicii publice online eficiente si eficace. In cadrul acestei lucrari imi propun sa examinez principalele elemente ale IoT si modul in care acestea pot fi utilizate in optimizarea administratiei publice. In plus, trebuie sa ne axam atat asupra avantajelor digitalizarii administratiei, cat si a dezavantajelor acesteia pentru a stabili bazele administratiei 2.0. Cu alte cuvinte, in ciuda importantei mediului online in momentul actual, administratia romaneasca trebuie sa aiba in vedere faptul ca optimizarea sa nu tine numai de adoptarea instrumentelor IoT, ci si de asigurarea serviciilor publice catre cetatenii care nu au acces la internet. Principalele obiective ale acestei lucrari constau in conturarea instrumentelor IoT si a modului in care utilizarea acestora contribuie la optimizarea administratiei publice si identificarea elementelor administratiei 2.0. a sistemului administrativ romanesc. In vederea elaborarii studiului ma voi axa pe lucrari stiintifice din domeniul ingineriei pentru a stabili modul in care s-a dezvoltat conceptul de „Internetul obiectelor” si a elementelor sale, dar si utilitatea acestora in spatiul administrativ prin exemple concrete. In plus, voi realiza o analiza SWOT privind digitalizarea administratiei publice romanesti in vederea conturarii administratiei 2.0. Originalitatea acestui studiu provine din abordarea situatiei actuale a administratiei publice romanesti (criza provocata de pandemia cu noul coronavirus COVID-19 si situatia privind lipsa serviciilor de internet la nivelul statului)
Digital democracy in Peril. Safeguarding e-democracy by boosting cybersecurity
Get PDFNew technological developments and the digitalization of public life were not long ago thought to lay the foundation to a new step for liberal democracies all over the world, with the prospects of e-democracy and e- government. However, state-sponsored cyber operations held back progress in boosting e-democracy, and so did online disinformation campaigns, leading to a change in perception that digital technology will actually be detrimental to liberal democracies. Moreover, major illiberal and authoritarian state actors exploited cyberspace and engaged in using and exporting digital authoritarianism. The main objective of this paper is exploring the close relationship between e-democracy and cybersecurity, arguing that without sound cybersecurity policies and practices, digital democracy is in peril. Furthermore, I shall discuss the role of the state in cyberspace, focusing on the European Union, and argue for a set of cybersecurity policies that enhance the level of security while also safeguarding the values and gains of e-democracy, taking into account relevant literature on this topic and also EU’s 2020 cybersecurity strategy. Current research and strategic documents suggest three main courses of action for enhancing e-democracy in a safe way in a cyberspace dominated by malicious activities: developing a sort of \u27digital autonomy’, securing critical infrastructure and maintaining a free and open Internet. The main contribution of this paper is facilitating the discussion on the relationship between e-democracy and cybersecurity, because as close as they are, as little they are linked together in relevant research. Furthermore, this paper should be relevant both for civil practitioners in the fields of public administration and cybersecurity and for academia, as it focuses on an issue that has become to be of utmost importance for liberal democracies. The final argument of the paper is that the whole digital democratic process should be considered critical infrastructure and shielded by proper cybersecurity measures
Deep Learning. Viitorul inteligenței artificiale și impactul acesteia asupra dezvoltării tehnologiei
Get PDFCeea ce își propune acest eseu este prezentarea conceptelor Machine Learning (ML) și Deep Learning (DL), din domeniul științei informatice, concepte aflate acum în plin avânt mediatic dar, evident, și tehnologic. Pe măsură ce ne apropiem de cea de-a șaptezecea aniversare a noțiunii de inteligență artificială (AI) (anul 2026), investițiile globale în acest domeniu au atins un nivel record. În ultimii ani, tehnologiile mobile și cele cloud au apărut ca paradigme dominante, oferind o multitudine de oportunități întregii societăți începând cu comunitățile de utilizatori și până la cele de cercetători și dezvoltatori; acum însă credem că inteligența artificială, în special Deep Learning, ar putea deține un potențial și mai mare, depășindu-l astfel pe cel al tehnologiile anterioare. Motivul din spatele acestei convingeri va deveni din ce în ce mai clar în paginile care urmează
Azerbaijan\u27s smart cities/villages concepts for Karabagh region. How real and doable to lead to success?
Get PDFThe past few years in Azerbaijan have been marked by growing government interest in using ‘smart’ solutions in urban and rural planning. The results of the Karabakh conflict pushed these aspirations even further, with ‘smart’ technologies being seen as the key instruments in the redevelopment of the de-occupied territories. Since cities are vital mechanisms for economic growth, it is generally believed that applying modern technologies in urban and regional planning can increase the economic performance of a nation while ensuring sustainability. This article will discuss Azerbaijan’s existing experience in ‘smart’ development and examine the extent to which the role of public-private partnership as a tool that can possibly facilitate smart transformation of cities and regions ensuring wider range of prospects for various stakeholders including residents, business actors, authorities, educational institutions, NGOs and so on, as well as create a more sustainable economic and social environment. In the case of Azerbaijan. Special attention is given to the experience of the prominent smart communities in different part of the world, in terms of the applied models of private-public collaboration. The comprehensive SWOT-analysis of the PPP concept in smart cities is conducted based on which the conclusions regarding its collisions and potential are made. Considered on the recent trends in urban development the significance of searching for new approaches to the city governance, in order to cope with the challenges more efficiently and provide advance services for the citizens, is highlighted. The concepts of Smart Cities are viewed as powerful vehicles for fostering urban prosperity. This article also opens a general discussion about the concept of the ‘smart city’ and how it can be understood in the context of public-private partnership as a tool that can possibly facilitate smart transformation of cities and regions ensuring wider range of prospects for various stakeholders including residents, business actors, authorities, educational institutions, NGOs and so on, as well as create a more sustainable economic and social environment. Furthermore, it discusses the problems of conceptualisation and operation-allocation of smart city projects in Azerbaijan and elsewhere, and the ways in which they can lead to project failure or success. The article also addresses the problems of implementation of the smart city concept in the country and discusses how to adapt general visions and global aspirations for smart and sustainable cities to the Azerbaijani context. Furthermore, the article suggests which metrics and policy domains the authorities should consider when translating the smart city visions into policy while applying PPP elements. The article also discusses the preconditions for success, and whether Azerbaijan has the necessary infrastructure and specialists for its implementation
The Role of Small Medical Units in a Smart City – The Case of Timisoara
Get PDFObjectives: The present paper intends to analyze the challenges for medical services in this century from a Smart City perspective. Prior work: Smart City concepts have primarily addressed technical and infrastructural functions (e.g., urban transportation, energy, water supplies, etc.) and have less targeted medical institutions. However, any modern urban structure requires competent, technologically updated, and synchronized medical services for diverse communities. Approach: We start from the main differences between large and small medical units (e.g., urbanistic structure, specific services, networks, technological equipment) to analyze the position of small units within medical networks and the role of public agents in the optimal configuration of this system of services. We use the case of small clinics to study medical units from an inter-relational perspective by applying the concept of Grid to the offer of medical services. Results: In contrast to large medical institutions in a Smart City, small medical units show more flexibility by not requiring a long-term urbanistic restructuring of public services. While not covering the wide range of functions provided by large units, small clinics offer specialized services and provide patient monitoring and long-term medical assistance, contributing greatly to patients’ quality of life. Communication networks between units ensure patients’ transition from large to small medical units. A Grid model can be applied to the present network to optimize medical functions by implementing new data collection systems. Implications: Inter-professional networks (e.g., between medical units, public beneficiaries, technological providers, and scientific researchers) are key to Smart City medical services. Accessing technological innovations (e.g., long-distance monitoring of physiological parameters, machine-learning systems, pattern recognition algorithms) will be a priority for small units. Value: The role of small medical clinics in a Smart City is analyzed within a Grid and linked to future challenges and technological advances
Accelerarea inovației la confluența intereselor publice și cetățenești – cu privire deosebită asupra lumii juridice din România
Get PDFOare accelerarea inovaţiei superioare și de cea mai bună calitate poate fi cea mai eficientă strategie pentru a stimula creşterea sustenabilă? Încearcă ea să răspundă la una dintre marile provocări ale timpului nostru: ce transformări va produce tehnologia digitală – de la inteligența artificială la realitatea virtuală – în viața socială și politică, la confluența intereselor publice, politice, cetățenești? Analizând felul în care ea va putea fi întrebuințată de stat și de marile companii de tehnologie cu scopul de a exercita controlul asupra vieții oamenilor și inspirându-ne din tezaurul milenar al gândirii umane, încercăm să-i provoacăm pe cititori să revizuiască semnificația unor concepte precum „democrație”, „dreptate”, „libertate” „egalitate”, „putere”, „proprietate”. Însă, uneori ori, în astfel de vremuri marcate de incertitudine, încetinirea inovării poate părea o strategie adecvată. Cu toate acestea, istoria ne arată că accelerarea inovaţiei relevante este cea mai bună cale de atenuare a consecinţelor oricărei provocări. În acest context, Conferința Internațională Smart Cities (SCIC), ediția a 10-a, 8 decembrie 9 – 2022, cu titlu provocator, Accelerarea inovației, organizată de Facultatea de Administrație Publică din cadrul Universității Naționale de Studii Politice și Administrație Publică, vă invită cu drag la cea de-a X-a ediție a Conferinței Internaționale Smart Cities, ne-a motivat să „inovăm” și noi la un nivel superior, pentru a consolida ecuaţia valorică a conferinței şi pentru a stimula și mai mult interesul cititorilor.
The Making of Smart Citizenry: Decoding ‘Smart Citizen’
Get PDFAyona Datta (2017) highlights how the digital turn in the post-colonial cities in India has allowed the coercive power of state to control and discipline citizenry by making them actively engage in governance; while the active citizenry is just a smokescreen, a proxy to provide the larger legitimacy to the smart city project and rather the citizenry is paternalised and handheld through the emerging technologies of government. She argues, in the process, the emergence of alternative citizenry is cast and their reflections need to be gauged from the perspective of subaltern and others who defy the digital turn and its wider network. In this backdrop, the article examines the discursive construction of ‘smart citizenry’ under India’s Smart Cities Mission. Drawing on the discourse analysis of 100 smart city proposals, the article contends that the Mission creates a false binary of active and passive citizenship with implications on the citizenship rights. It is further argued that that the Mission has a very narrow understanding of active citizenship, limited to just giving tacit consent to smart city projects. This is depicted in proposals calling for smart, active, duty-bearing, responsible citizenry lack of which risk jeopardize the success of smart cities
Europa, încotro?!
Get PDFCuprinsa de forfota schimbarilor tranzitorii, lumea financiar-materialista se transforma cu pasi rapizi. Europa avea sa cedeze locul sau incontestabil, pana atunci, de calauza si mentor, unei natiuni mai tinere, dar mult mai viguroase, la Bretton-Woods
European Computer Driving Licence – e-Skills pentru sectorul public în România
Get PDFConsiliul European al Societatilor Informatice Profesionale (CEPIS – Council of European Professional Informatics Societies), cea mai importanta asociatie europeana de IT&C, a creat European Computer Driving Licence, un standard de certificare a abilitatilor de utilizare a computerului. Astazi, permisul european de conducere a computerului (ECDL – European Computer Driving Licence) este cel mai raspandit program de certificare a competentelor digitale recunoscut la nivel international in 150 de tari si numara pana in prezent 13 milioane de persoane inregistrate in program. Permisul ECDL este folosit si recunoscut la nivel mondial de companii de renume, in administratie sau in institutii de invatamant de prestigiu, programul fiind cunoscut in afara Europei sub numele de International Computer Driving Licence ICDL
Bucharest as an European cultural landmark. The birth of an European modern metropola
Get PDFThe present-day Bucharest is the result of many centuries of growth and transformations. From among them, the 18th century is of a special importance as it is the time when the emerging city becomes a European cultural landmark. The purpose of the present paper is to gather together and to analyse comparatively and in relation those aspects, events, that turned Bucharest into a cosmopolite metropola, situated at the border of two worlds, the Oriental and the Occidental ones, in a key moment of our history, the dawn of modernity