Smart Cities and Regional Development (SCRD) Open Access Publishing
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RECICLETA – cel mai ecologic colector de materiale reciclabile
Get PDFRECICLETA este o intreprindere sociala infiintata in 2009 de ViitorPlus asociatia pentru dezvoltare durabila. Obiective: Romania este pe ultimul loc in Europa in ceea ce priveste reciclarea. Pana in 2020 ar fi trebuit sa atingem tinta de 50%. RECICLETA a fost lansata cu scopul de a oferi o alternativa la serviciul de colectare de materiale reciclabile printr-un model de transport bazat pe folosirea de mijloace nepolunate: cargo-triciclete asistate electric si cargo electrica. Astfel creem locuri de munca verzi, o parte din angajati fiind persoane apartinand grupurilor vulnerabile. Studii prealabile: Ultimul raport emis de EUROSTAT, pozitioneaza Romania pe ultimul loc in Europa cu o rata de reciclare a deseurilor municipale de doar 14%. Abordare: RECICLETA a pornit initial la drum pentru a acoperi o nevoie foarte clara: de colectare a cantitatiilor mici si mijlocii de hartie de la birourile din sectorul 1. Cantitatile preluate de RECICLETA intre 25-150 de kg nu sunt atractive pentru colectorii mari si de accea nu sunt ridicate de acestia. In plus, hartia necesita mai multa atentie pentru a nu fi contaminata, caz in care isi pierde calitatea de a fi reciclata. Cu timpul, cererea pentru serviciul de colectare RECICLETA a crescut, facand posibila extinderea atat la mai multe tipuri de materiale reciclabile preluate (carton, sticle plastic PET01, folie plastic bax si doze de aluminiu), cat si extinderea in celelalte sectoare - centrul si semicentrul Bucurestiului. Rezultate: In cei 10 ani de functionare, RECICLETA a savat de la groapa de gunoi peste 630.000 de kilograme de materiale reciclabile, in special hartie si carton, cu peste 8000 de arbori maturi salati de la taiere prin reciclare. O tona de hartie reciclata salveaza de la taiere 15 arbori maturi. In acest moment RECICLETA ofera 6 locuri de munca verzi si deserveste peste 70.000 de beneficiari – angajati ale firmelor cliente, locatari ai scarilor de bloc si elevi din scolile incluse in program. Implicatii: RECICLETA este una din intreprinderile sociale din Romania care a fost premiata la nivel European in 2013 pentru inovatie la sectiunea de mediu de catre EIB Institute. Problemele pe care le adreseaza RECICLETA sunt atat de domeniul protectiei mediului – prin reciclare si folosirea unui mijloc de transport alternative nepoluant – cat si la nivel social prin oferirea unor locuri de munca verzi unor persoane din grupuri vulnerabile. Valoare: RECICLETA functioneaza pe un model logistic eficient de last mile pick-up, se afla in faza de validare si are ca obiectiv diseminarea acestui model in cat mai multe orase din tara, asa cum s-a intamplat in 2015 in Alba Iulia si 2019 in Iasi
Production of surface agents for limiting the growth of bacteria and fung based on silver nano and microparticles made by electrochemical methods on an industrial scale
Get PDFThe article presents the basics of a new technology for the production of surface agents for limiting the growth of bacteria and fungi based on silver nano and microparticles made by electrochemical methods on an industrial scale, developed on the basis of the results of industrial research and development works. There is a growing interest in the use of nano and micromaterials in various fields of the economy, including cosmetology, arable and livestock agriculture, and medicine. Silver is a biologically active element that strongly limits the growth of bacteria, fungi and even viruses. In the case of water colloids produced by electrochemical methods on an industrial scale, the processes accompanying the reactions are not controlled with an appropriate level of accuracy. The authors developed methods to automatically control these processes for the first time based on the optical properties of water colloids. As a result of the project, theoretical foundations for control systems as well as functional diagrams along with appropriate program codes were developed. The technology was tested in the production line of water molecular silver colloids used in cosmetics such as creams, mists, cosmetic waters and serums. Thanks to it, the stability of the reaction and the quality of the manufactured intermediates were increased. The technology will also be applicable to silver colloids intended for agriculture and other industries
Technology for accurate positioning of agricultural machinery in precision agriculture based on the GPS satellite signal using the Internet of Things, big data and cloud solutions
Get PDFThe implementation of the project allowed for the development and prototype implementation of the technology of accurate positioning of agricultural machinery in precision agriculture based on the GPS satellite signal using the Internet of Things, big data and cloud solutions. Thanks to the research and development work carried out, algorithmics were developed in such research areas as low quality antenna signal processing in the PPP-RTK CDGNSS approach with minimized TAR, position stabilization by means of expanded space in terms of Kalman’s theory, cloud processing of high-volume positional data in the processes of inference and running of agricultural machinery in precision agriculture, data transmission, error reduction procedures, area optimization and inference in precision farming processes. Earlier scientific studies allowed the use of the theory of increasing the accuracy of geostationary measurements with the use of relatively cheap GNSS antennas, where measurement errors can be reduced to several centimeters. Thanks to the use of sensory fusion and Kalmanian approaches, it was possible to construct the foundations of devices for positioning agricultural machines with high accuracy, sufficient for effective precision agriculture. In principle, the device is to be cheap, also available to farmers with small farms and thus not having large funds for investments. This approach will allow to reduce the costs of agricultural production, which, paradoxically, is the most expensive in small farms
Romania\u27s position in the global value chains in comparison with European countries
Get PDFThe theoretical backgrounds of external fragmentation of production are resumed in the work paint main attention at the European countries and OECD experimental studies. In this paper, a contribution is made to better understand the insertion of Romania in the external fragmentation of production by using the wide range of WEB simulation tools of International Institutes. Several important findings emerge from this research. The economy of Romania has obtained significant advantages from participation in Global Value Chains. A list of indicates demonstrates grow in values in comparison with the pre-accession in EU period. The research shows that industries of Romania with the highest foreign value-added share in gross export are classified mainly in high R&D intensity industries (computer, electronic and optical products; publishing software), medium-high R&D intensity industries (IT & other information services; motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers). It was established that upgrading in industries took place when foreign value-added content increases as a result of the innovational activity. Another important observation was that the computer and optical equipment sector, IT and other informational services, as well as motor vehicles, are between sectors in which the employment, driven by foreign final demand, has essentially extended during the decade. At the same time, some less favorable tendencies can be observed. The study reveals that foreign value-added share of Romania’s gross export is lower than average EU countries as well as the countries from the next EU enlargement that included in the analysis - Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, and Estonia. It was revealed that Romania has insufficiently exploited the opportunities offered by the status of the EU member state to integrate into the value chains of European space. The results of the study can be used in the process of elaboration of adequate education, R&D, labour market and industrial and service sectors policies by decision-makers and the private sector of the country
Smart mobility - Challenges for mobility policies and spatial planning
Get PDFSmart mobility - Connected, Autonomous, Shared, Electric (CASE) mobility – it is shown to become a complex landscape of new transport technologies, infrastructures, services and systems based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Smart mobility will be generated, will serve and will be contained by smart urban systems, and this mechanism of mutual influences have to be well managed both through smart spatial planning and through specific smart mobility policies, in order to maintain the balance between accessibility and quality of urban life requirements. In the context of intense concerns regarding the evolution of smart mobility and its holistic effects, the paper proposes a synopsis of the potential social, economic, environmental, spatial impacts of emerging Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), based on which two objectives are met: 1. drawingguidelines for smart mobility policies design, and 2. identifying the main categories of foreseeable spatial impacts of smart mobility. The study builds on the conclusions of the author\u27s documentation and research, individually and in national and international projects. There is aforward-looking approach, starting from a synthesis of current knowledge on smart mobility, based on information selected by the triangulation method. The paper concludes on the features of ITS-oriented mobility supply, on the related mobility behaviors, and on both positive potential impacts, which should be developed and encouraged by ITS policies and negative potential impacts, which should be strongly limited by these future policies. There are also identified the main categories of envisageables spatial - functional urban effects and transformations generated by ITS - at the level of the road network, street morphology, architectural-urban programs, urban structure - whose further analyze and understanding is mandatory for preparing cities to properly respond to the challenges and demands of smart mobility, while maintaining and even enhancing the quality of urbanliving
Accelerating history and the birth of a new science - chaos theory
Get PDFThe organizers of the International Smart Cities Conference (SCIC), 9th edition, December, 2021, proposed an exciting topic “Accelerating history”,on which we reflected for a long time. And this is because I really liked the study of history, especially intellectual history or the history of ideas, as a discipline of history. Those who specialize in this field try to explain the ideas in context. For example, someone who specializes in this discipline is not concerned with finding out what freedom in itself means, but what freedom means to an eighteenth-century French peasant or a nineteenth- century American capitalist. What are the two contexts? The interesting part is that many things written about the past correspond to the future. If there is a discipline that deals with the history of political ideas, why not one that deals with the future of political ideas, based on predictions and projections. This is exactly what I am trying to do in this paper, to see what power, democracy, freedom, justice could mean in the future in the context of the acceleration of history, but also of history caused by the plandemic triggered on humanity. When I received the invitation I went to the documentation for the elaboration of our scientific research approach, I remembered that just on my birthday, this year I received as a gift, from the family, a book with at least a strange title “Chaos. The birth of a new science ”which I considered, no more, no less, as a scientific revolution. And this is because HAOS presents to a new generation of readers the theory of chaos, one of the most important innovations in scientific knowledge of our time. From the Butterfly Effect discovered by Edward Lorenz to the calculation of Mitchell Feigenbaum\u27s universal constant and the concept of fractals developed by Benoit Mandelbrot, who created a new geometry of nature, the captivating story woven by Gleick focuses on the fundamental personalities whose genius opened a new path for science. In Chaos, Gleick makes the history of chaos theory not only fascinating, but accessible to beginners, and opens our eyes to a surprising new perspective on the universe
Smart cities development based on S4ALLCities project
Get PDFThe global urbanization that happens nowadays raises the need for cities to face new challenges, which can vary from the organization of its resources to the protection of its population. For short, today, cities around the world need to become smart. A smart city is a technologically developed urban area that uses different technologies and synchronized IoT systems that collect data from its sensors and devices in order to keep track of the current situation. This data can help organize resources, energy, traffic, cyber or physical attack alerts on events with large or restricted audiences. The smart-city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT) and a certain number of physical devices and sensors placed around the city and connected to the Internet of Things. This article aims to present the existing technologies offered by the S4ALLCities project, useful for the development of a smart city, which will be described during the following part of this article
Monitoring city water incidents via an Internet of Things-based sensor network
Get PDFThis research aims to prove that an inexpensive Internet of Things-based sensor network can be used to deliver information about current ground-level humidity & soil conductivity, as well as notifications about sudden changes in these measures, which would indicate flooding or soil erosion. The platform uses an open API, which can be accessed by both utility companies and NGOs and be a part of their decision-making process. This paper builds on previous research with water & electricity management in the free and open-source platform Home Assistant, which can be used in conjunction with a time series database such as InfluxDB & a visualization platform like Grafana to highlight sudden pattern changes in humidity and soil conductivity and notify interested parties via Telegram or any other such real-time alerting platforms. A case study was made, which set up an inexpensive combination of Bluetooth Low Energy sensors with Raspberry Pi local servers that transmitted their data to a central database. Data was collected both outdoors with results of normal rainfall, as well as in a lab environment with simulated flooding and soil movement caused by it. Results showed that sudden changes in humidity and soil conductivity correctly triggered real-time notifications via Telegram and that a backup battery and 4G internet connection for the local servers could mitigate the effects of potential blackouts and loss of internet access caused by severe weather events. Implications of the study for smart city practitioners are that authorities can be quickly notified of severe water & soil-related events so that measures can be taken, while long-term analytics can be used to predict (perhaps via an AI machine-learning model) when and where such events are most likely to occur in the future. The value of this paper is that it shows how a combination of open-source software and inexpensive sensors & servers can be used at city level (especially in developing cities which do not have major infrastructure in this sense) to combat the effects of climate change and both react to and predict severe water & soil issues
Application and Challenges of Web 3.0 in Smart Cities
Get PDFCitizens are becoming more directly involved in the advancement of sustainability in smart development in areas where web 3.0 promises to transform urban cities into advanced smart cities and where ICTs are integrated in strategies for participation and co-production. This study\u27s aim is to investigate and pinpoint the applications and difficulties in using Web 3.0 technologies in smart cities in Lithuania. A systematic questionnaire with open-ended questions was created after a thorough study in order to elicit 250 replies from citizens, managers, and online workers in Lithuania. The information gathered was examined. Our research findings in this paper offer a multidisciplinary understanding of web 3.0\u27s applications and difficulties in smart cities, as well as insights into the chances for citizen participation in decision-making and service delivery. Future cities will likely need a stronger technological connection with smart technology, with an emphasis on the rising role of the digitally "empowered" citizen. In order to improve surroundings in web 3.0 contexts, this study examines the difficulties and applications of implementing such a futuristic idea. It will be said that although much of the technology needed to realize the vision of Web 3.0 applications in smart cities is already available, further research is still required in several important areas
Orase din România. O evaluare a starii
No full text„Orasul inteligent” isi propune sa devina o prezenta anuala in peisajul conferintelor stiintifice, avand drept obiectiv identificarea celor mai bune solutii pentru dezvoltarea economica, sociala si de mediu a asezarilor umane. Fiind prima editie a conferintei, ne propunem prin aceasta lucrare realizarea unei evaluari a starii prezente a oraselor din Romania, cu intentia de-a evalua si prezenta anual o astfel de analiza. Analiza este axata pe directiile rangul localitatilor, sistemul de asezari, populatie, activitate economica, mediu, pornind de la datele furnizate de statistica oficiala (Institutul National de Statistica, Oficiul National al Registrului Comertului etc.) si legislatia in domeniu