RFOS - Repository of Faculty of Organizational Sciences Univ. of Belgrade
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Foreign market selection of suppliers through a novel REF-Sort technique
No full textPurpose The present study aims to provide a practical and robust assessment technique for assessing countries' investability in global supply chains to practitioners. Thus, the proposed approach can help decision-makers evaluate and select appropriate countries in the expansion process of the global supply chains and reduce risks concerning country (market) selection. Design/methodology/approach The present study proposes a novel decision-making approach, namely the REF-Sort technique. The proposed approach has many valuable contributions to the literature. First, it has an efficient basic algorithm and can be applied to solve highly complicated decision-making problems without requiring advanced mathematical knowledge. Besides, some characteristics differentiate REF-Sort apart from other techniques. REF-Sort employs the value or value range that reflects the most typical characteristic of the relevant class in assignment processes. The reference values in REF-Sort and center profiles are similar in this regard. On the other hand, class references can be defined as ranges in REF-Sort. Secondary values, called successors, can also be employed to assign a value to the appropriate class. REF-Sort can also determine the reference and successor values/ranges independently of the decision matrix. In addition, the proposed model is a maximally stable and consistent decision-making tool, as it is resistant to the rank reversal problem. Findings The current papers' findings indicate that countries have different features concerning investment. Hence, the current paper pointed out that only 22% of the 95 countries are investable, whereas 19% are risky. Thus, decision-makers should make detailed evaluations using robust, powerful, and practical decision-making tools to make more reasonable and logical decisions concerning country selection. Originality/value The current paper proposes a novel decision-making approach to evaluate. According to the authors' information, the proposed model has been applied to evaluate investable countries for the global supply chains for the first time
Crowd-based open innovation in telco operators: Readiness assessment for smart city service development
No full textOvaj rad proučava spremnost srpskih telekom operatera i drugih zainteresovanih strana za implementaciju "crowd"-zasnovanog poslovnog modela otvorenih inovacija. Telko kompanije se suočavaju sa izazovima u pogledu zahteva tržišta i pronalaženja novih mogućnosti da privuku pretplatnike inovativnim proizvodima i uslugama. Ove inovacije su često orijentisane na usluge pametnih gradova zasnovane na novim tehnologijama kao što su Internet stvari, računarstvo u oblaku, softverski definisane mreže i "blockchain". Zbog složenosti, tempa i troškova istraživanja i razvoja, telekom operateri su već prepoznali potrebu da pređu sa tradicionalnog na koncept otvorene inovacije. Razvoj "crowdsourcing" modela dodatno je podstakao mogućnost uključivanja kupaca u otvoreni proces inovacije, kako bi bolje dizajnirali i razvili usluge prilagođene njihovim sopstvenim potrebama. Imajući to u vidu, cilj ovog rada je da predloži poslovni model otvorenih inovacija koji je "crowd"zasnovan za unapređenje inovacionih kapaciteta srpskih teleko operatera. Predloženi model se koristi kao osnova za procenu spremnosti internih i eksternih stejkholdera za učešće u projektima otvorenih inovacija. Studija je zasnovana na prilagođenom modelu usvajanja zasnovanom na vrednosti, dok se analiza vrši metodom PLS-SEM. Rezultati pokazuju da učesnici identifikuju poverenje kao najuticajniji faktor za percipiranu vrednost "crowd"zasnovane otvorene inovacije, dok interni stejkholderi telekom kompanija smatraju očekivani prihod i reputaciju kao najrelevantnije. Obe grupe su pokazale veliko interesovanje za inovacije u vezi sa uslugama pametnih gradova kao što su pametni saobraćaj i usluge vezane za ekologiju.This paper studies the readiness of the Serbian telco operators and other stakeholders to implement a crowd-based open innovation business model. Telco companies are facing challenges in terms of market demands and with finding new opportunities to attract subscribers with innovative products and services. These innovations are frequently oriented towards smart city services based on emerging technologies such as Internet of things, cloud computing, software defined networks and blockchain. Due to complexity, pace and costs of research and development, telco operators have already recognized the need to shift from a traditional to an open innovation concept. The development of crowdsourcing models has further fueled the possibility to include customers in the open innovation process, in order to better design and develop services suited to their own needs. With this in mind, the goal of this paper is to propose a crowd-based open innovation business model for improvement of innovation capacities of Serbian telco operators. The proposed model is used as the basis of evaluating the readiness of internal and external stakeholders for participation in open innovation projects. The study is based on the adjusted value-based adoption model, while the analysis is performed using the PLS-SEM method. The results show that participants identify trust as the most influential factor for the perceived value of crowd-based open innovation, while the internal stakeholders of telco companies find expected income and reputation as the most relevant. Both groups have shown a high interest in innovations related to smart city services such as smart traffic and ecology-related services
A model of digital identity for better information security in e-learning systems
No full textThe trend of rapid development of information technologies is creating new challenges in information security such as security management of identities in e-learning systems. In order to cope with these challenges, this work has developed a model of digital identity (MDI) intended primarily for e-learning systems. Two main objectives are identified for development of the MDI, firstly, to contribute to raising of information security awareness and improving information security behavior, and secondly to enable the bridging of security gaps in the interaction between student/administrator. To achieve these aims, this model has introduced processes of planning and feedback, by which it differs from all previous works. Practical application of this model is made in Moodle platform through the developed software application in the form of the security tool as a plugin for filtering inactive users (IUs). The most notable advantages of the MDI are better security management of personal information and filling of a security gap such as the absence of full administrator control over the information flow. The experimental results validate and demonstrate the practical effectiveness of the proposed security tool. Moreover, potential threats and risks from insider and outsider attackers are discussed, providing proposals of pragmatic solutions for their mitigating or reducing. Finally, this work should have a profound positive impact on further academic research and additionally it should contribute to a better understanding of challenges in information security that emerge with the development of the contemporary e-learning systems
Razvoj spredšit aplikacije za utvrđivanje prioriteta u postupanju kontrolnih i inspekicijskih organa
No full textThe research objective is to analyze the complaint evaluation and management process, that is requirements for performing control, carried out by state control bodies..
The basic hypothesis of the paper is that the development of models using spreadsheets can identify and quantify activities and subjects of control that are characterized by significant risk and in which there is significant public interest, and focus on them, ie eliminate possible misuse of complaint. The paper shows the direct contribution of automatization to more efficient limited resource management of state bodie
Open innovations and the role of hackathons
No full textThe beginning of 21st century marked a paradigm switch in regards to Research and Development (R&D) programs conducted in companies, internally. Generating new ideas and developing new products “behind closed doors” was considered “the right-way”, where companies could control product development from the idea to the point of commercialization. With the emergence of start-ups, this closed-innovation approach was replaced with open-innovation model. This model allowed companies to commercialize their ideas and outsource innovations from other firms, partners, individuals, etc. One popular way of outsourcing are hackathons. Hackathons have made a significant impact in the world of digital innovation – starting out as student indoor hang-outs to worldwide organized events. This study researches the topic of open innovation focusing on the role of hackathons. Main goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the open innovation model and hackathons. Further, research will be focus on analyzing data and discussion about hackathon events that happened in the last decade at the Faculty of organizational sciences, University of Belgrade
A blockchain system for healthcare
No full textThis paper analyses the impact of the digital transformation on the healthcare sector and investigates the opportunities of using blockchain technologies in the healthcare ecosystem. The main goal is the proposition of a blockchain system for healthcare that will improve the tracking of business transactions, real-time communication and data sharing between stakeholders. The proposed system will enable the recording of all data and transactions of healthcare providers, medical laboratories, academia, research institutes and laboratories, companies, health insurance companies and investors, government and state authorities, and patients. All stakeholders’ transactions will be done using a blockchain network and all collected data will be stored in a cloud database. Patients will have a blockchain application that will enable managing electronic personal health record, electronic health records, medical reports, electronic prescriptions, health insurance data, and crowdsensing data. Using blockchain application, patients can interact with their doctors through online conversations and distributes their personal health data reports. This approach encourages telemedicine services and is suitable for monitoring patients’ health status and online access to all their health data. For tracking patients’ health status different crowdsensing applications can be used, such as monitoring heart rate, blood pressure, stress, etc. The proposed system could serve as a good basis for the adoption of blockchain for healthcare in different countries
Market Segmentation in the Film Industry Based on Genre Preference: the Case of Millennials
No full textOne of the industries that has been hit the most by the Covid-19 is the film industry. Practitioners and experts in the field are in need to better understand the changed consumers and their new behaviour so that they can adequately communicate with them. The population segment which attracts the most attention are the Millennials due to the fact they have a high level of self-interest, they mix streaming services, and their purchase intention building is much slower compared to other generations. This study aimed to propose a segmentation approach in the film industry based on genre preference. To verify the proposed approach, an online survey on consumer habits and attitudes towards different elements of film marketing mix was conducted at the beginning of the Covid-19 lockdown in Serbia. Upon that, biclustering algorithm was employed to segment the respondents. Finally, similarities and differences between retained segments were explored, which provided insights on which elements of film (elements of product, Word of Mouth, Frequency of consumption, and elements of promotion) respondents pay attention to based on their genre preference. The observed similarities and differences led to the creation of tailored communication strategies for each segment, which could improve the effectiveness of marketing activities in the film industry during the Covid-19 era, and could be extended in the post-Covid era
The importance of digital transformation projects in agriculture and the challenges of their justification assessment
No full textDanašnje kompleksno i dinamično okruženje pred privredu i društvo stavlja brojne izazove od kojih su veoma značajni rast broja stanovnika, glad i zagađenje životne sredine. Jedan od mogućih načina za rešavanje i otklanjanje posledica ovih problema je digitalna transformacija ekonomije i društva. Projekti digitalne transformacije u pojedinim oblastima nisu jednostavni i stoga je potrebno sa velikom pažnjom i adekvatnim procenama donositi zaključke o njihovoj realizaciji. Digitalizacija poljoprivrede ima značajne efekte koji omogućavaju postizanje uspeha poljoprivrednika, ali i društva, u pogledu ostvarenja ekonomske, socijalne i ekološke održivosti. Glavna razlika poljoprivredne proizvodnje u odnosu na druge privrede grane je TA da ona u velikoj meri zavisi od klimatskih uslova i kvaliteta zemljišta. Još jedna važna specifičnost poljoprivredne proizvodnje je dužina vremenskog perioda koji protekne od početnih ulaganja do ostvarenja prvih efekata. Osim toga, dinamika prihoda nije ravnomerno raspoređena po mesecima, već prihodi dospevaju jednom godišnje nakon žetve u veoma kratkim vremenskim intervalima. Zbog velikog značaja projekata digitalne transformacije poljoprivrede i specifičnosti koje se javljaju pri njihovoj investicionoj proceni, cilj ovog rada je da prikaže najvažnije efekte ovih projekata, izazove pri njihovoj oceni opravdanosti, kao i primer dobre prakse realizacije jednog takvog projekta u Srbiji, Bosni i Hercegovini i Crnoj Gori.Today's complex and dynamic environment poses numerous challenges to the economy and society, among which population growth, hunger and environmental pollution are very significant. One of the ways to overcome these problems is the digital transformation of society. Digital transformation projects in certain areas are not simple, and therefore it is necessary to draw conclusions about their realization with great care and adequate assessments. The digitalization of agriculture has significant effects that enable the success of farmers, but also of society, in terms of achieving economic, social and environmental sustainability. The basic specificity of agricultural production in relation to industries is that agricultural production largely depends on climatic conditions and the quality of the soil itself. One more specificity of agricultural production is that the time period from the start of investment to the achievement of the first results is much longer than in other industries. In addition, the total income is not evenly distributed over the months, but arrives once a year, or at very short intervals. Due to the great importance of digital transformation projects in agriculture and the specifics that arise in their investment evaluation, the aim of this paper is to show the most important effects of these projects, challenges in assessing their justification, as well as to present an example of good practice in the implementation of such a project in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro
Personal Mobility in Metaverse With Autonomous Vehicles Using Q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets Based OPA-RAFSI Model
No full textThe term metaverse, which shows a 3D-designed virtual medium where people can connect through their avatars to spend time, telecommute, and socialize, has entered our lives fast. There are limitless implementations that can take place in the metaverse. Integration of another technological innovation, which is autonomous vehicles to the metaverse, is at hand. There are numerous alternative uses of autonomous vehicles in the metaverse. In this study, three alternative implementation options for autonomous vehicles in the metaverse are investigated. These alternatives are evaluated using the proposed multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method under twelve different criteria, which are grouped under four main aspects, namely technological, societal, legal and ethical, and transportation. A novel hybrid model based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) which consists of three stages is presented to express the framework definition, calculate the weight coefficients of the criteria, and rank various alternatives. In the first stage, the structure of the problem is created. In the second stage, q-ROFSs based OPA algorithm is used to calculate the weights of the criteria. In the last stage, q-ROFSs based RAFSI (Ranking of Alternatives through Functional mapping of criterion sub-intervals into a Single Interval) is applied to choose the best alternative among the three alternatives. Finally, we present a case study to verify our proposed method. The results of this study have the potential to be used as a guide by decision-makers of the metaverse while integrating autonomous vehicles into the transportation system
Composite Indicator of the Organisational Information and Communication Technologies Infrastructure-A Novel Statistical Index Tool
No full textThis paper proposes a tool for objective evaluation of organisations' information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure development level: Composite Indicator of the Organisational Information and Communication Infrastructure-CIOICTI. Based on separate research in 68 different companies, it aggregates hardware, software and humanware aspects of ICT development in organisations, especially valuing companies with synergetic aspects. It consists of six linear and non-linear indicator components, each designed to evaluate one specific aspect of ICT development, based on the weighted sum principle. The proposed CIOICTI examines ICT infrastructure as a necessary but not sufficient condition for successful ICT usage in business performance improvement. The obtained CIOICTI values are summarised in the distribution and tested for normality. Results are tested on the data from observed companies, averaged according to company size and industry and benchmarked. The proposed composite indicator can be used as an objective tool for researchers and practitioners to assess the level of ICT development for benchmarking with other companies, planning organisational changes or assessing infrastructural requirements for planning and implementation of ICT related projects in a business organisation